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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Eupercaria/misc
(Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Scaridae
(Parrotfishes) > Scarinae
Etymology:
Scarus:
Greek, skaros = a fish described by anciente writers as a parrot fish; 1601 (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Valenciennes
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 25 m (Ref.
90102
). Tropical; 30°N - 13°S
Indo-West Pacific: Maldives to New Ireland in Papua New Guinea, including Cocos-Keeling Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands and south to the Philippines, including Palau. This species is the terminal male of
Scarus singaporensis
. Possibly replaced by
Scarus falcipinnis
in the western Indian Ocean (Ref.
2689
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9710
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 9;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 10;
Anal
spines
: 3;
Anal
soft rays
: 9. Scales large. Median predorsal scales 6; 3 scale rows on cheek, with 1-3 scales in ventral row. Caudal fins emarginate in initial phase to deeply concave in large terminal phase. Lips nearly covering dental plates; terminal males with 0-2 canines posteriorly on side of upper plate, none on lower. The initial phase closely resembles that of
S. altipinnis
(Ref.
1602
). The terminal phase has the distinctive brilliant green throat and lacks the filamentous middle dorsal spine (Ref.
1602
).
Found in seaward slopes and reef flats (Ref.
90102
). Usually associated with outer reefs but will enter shallow water in protected areas. Often in large schools (Ref.
9710
). Grazes on benthic algae (Ref.
3488
). Also caught with nets and other types of artisanal gear (Ref.
2689
). Minimum depth of 1 m reported from Ref. 30874.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref.
205
).
Randall, J.E. and J.H. Choat
, 1980. Two new parrotfishes of the genus
Scarus
from the Central and South Pacific, with further examples of sexual dichromatism. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 70:383-419. (Ref.
2689
)
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 26.1 - 29.3, mean 28.7 °C (based on 2454 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00436 - 0.02401), b=3.09 (2.90 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
High
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 30.9 [16.7, 54.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.609 [0.385, 1.020] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.0, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.0497 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 23.1 [12.2, 42.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38.4 [9.5, 152.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.96 [1.39, 2.70] mg/100g (wet weight);
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- 20 July 2016
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