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Overview |
Main identification features
- yellow stripe before eye, yellow blotch behind
- back: faint bars; fins dark
- pectoral: 13
- pelvic: behind pectoral, under d
- lateral line has 130-150 scales
Elongate, cylindrical, relatively slender; long head with long, pointed snout, head relatively long (1/3 of standard length); mouth large, horizontal, lower jaw longer; mouth relatively short, ends ~1 eye diameter before eye; first tooth on lower jaw enlarged, followed by series of smaller teeth; 2-3 pairs large teeth at top front of mouth; roof of mouth with 6 large teeth; two well separated dorsal fins, V + 8-10 rays; anal 8-10 rays; 2nd dorsal & anal with concave rear edges; pectoral short (31-33% of head length), 13 rays; origin of pelvic fins under first dorsal, behind pectoral; tail forked, without central lobes; lateral line complete, straight; scales smooth, 130-150 on lateral line.
Grey above, white below; often oblique dark bars on upper back; fins grey with dark edges; small fish often with yellow stripe through eye and part way along mid-flank, and dark spots on back and sides.
Size: 91 cm.
Habitat: coastal and oceanic, nearbottom to surface.
Depth: 0-25 m.
Colombia to Peru, Galapagos, Cocos and Malpelo.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 25 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: bony fishes.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=6; Southern limit=-9; Western limit=-93; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=15; Longitudinal range=15.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Water column.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 91 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Continent + Island (s); Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Peruvian province, primarily; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Mid Water; Near Bottom; Near Surface; Water column only;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Acero, A. and Franke, R., 2001., Peces del parque nacional natural Gorgona. En: Barrios, L. M. y M. Lopéz-Victoria (Eds.). Gorgona marina: Contribución al conocimiento de una isla única., INVEMAR, Serie Publicaciones Especiales No. 7:123-131.
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Edgar, G.J. Banks, S., Fariña, J.M., Calvopiña, M. and Martínez, C., 2004., Regional biogeography of shallow reef fish and macro-invertebrate communities in the Galapagos archipelago., Journal of Biogeography, 31:1107-1124.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
- Franke , R. and Acero P., A., 1996., Peces óseos comerciales del Parque Gorgona, Pacífico colombiano (Osteichthyes: Muraenesocidae, Hemiramphidae, Belonidae, Scorpaenidae, Triglidae, Malacanthidae, Gerridae, Sparidae, Kyphosidae, Sphyraenidae e Istiophoridae)., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:763-770.
- Heller , E. and Snodgrass, R.E., 1903., Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XV. New fishes., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 5:189-229.
- Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
- Humann, P., 1993., Reef Fish Identification: Galapagos., New World Publishing:192pp.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Kendall , W.C. and Radcliffe, L., 1912., The shore fishes. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, ... by the U.S. Fish Commission steamer ALBATROSS, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L.M. Garret, U.S.N., Commanding. XXV., Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 35(3):75-171.
- McCosker , J.E. , Merlen , G. , Long , D.J. , Gilmore , R.G. and Villon, C., 1997., Deepslope fishes collected during the 1995 eruption of isla Fernandina, Galapagos., Charles Darwin Foundation, Noticias de Galápagos., 58:22-26.
- Molina, L., Danulat, E., Oviedo, M., González, J.A., 2004., Guía de especies de interés pesquero en la Reserva Marina de Galápagos., Fundación Charles Darwin / Agencia Espeñola de Cooperación Internacional / Dirección Parque Nacional Galápagos, 115pp.
- Rubio, E.A., 1986., Notas sobre la ictiofauna de la Isla de Gorgona, Colombia., Boletin Ecotropica. Univ. Bog. Jorge Tadeo Lozano, 13:86-112.
- Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
- Snodgrass , R. E. and Heller, E., 1905., Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XVII. Shorefishes of the Revillagigedo, Clipperton, Cocos and Galapagos Island., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 6:333-427.
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I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sphyraena&speciesname=idiastes ---> http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sphyraena&speciesname=idiastes http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sphyraena&speciesname=idiastes ---> https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sphyraena&speciesname=idiastes https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sphyraena&speciesname=idiastes ---> https://fishbase.net.br/summary/Sphyraena-idiastes.html
Sphyraena idiastes, Pelican barracuda
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Carangaria/misc
(Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae
(Barracudas)
Etymology:
Sphyraena:
Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref.
45335
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 3 - 24 m (Ref.
5227
). Tropical; 7°N -
Southeast Pacific: Peru, including the Cocos and the Galapagos islands.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
5590
)
Found in temperate waters (Ref.
9345
). Seen in groups of 3-20 from the surface to about 24 m (Ref.
5590
). Feeds mainly on fish . Large individuals may slash prey into pieces before swallowing them. The front of each jaw is toothless and there is a series of large triangular teeth along each side of both jaws (Ref.
28023
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Merlen, G.
, 1988. A field guide to the fishes of Galapagos. Wilmot Books, London, England 60 p. (Ref.
5590
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
02 May 2008
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 20.2 - 27.8, mean 23.5 °C (based on 107 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00339 - 0.01546), b=2.92 (2.74 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 16.2 [7.6, 42.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.278 [0.133, 0.603] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [18.3, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.0769 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 28.7 [12.5, 75.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 47.1 [10.2, 232.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.461 [0.287, 0.789] mg/100g (wet weight);
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Updated: 2024-04-24 23:54:49 gmt
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