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Sprattus muelleri, New Zealand sprat : fisheries
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Sprattus muelleri
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FAO
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Clupeiformes
(Herrings) >
Clupeidae
(Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
Etymology:
Sprattus:
Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Klunzinger
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; pelagic-neritic; depth range 28 - 110 m (Ref.
58489
). Subtropical; 33°S - 51°S, 165°E - 180°E (Ref.
188
)
Southwest Pacific: New Zealand.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
188
); common length : 10.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
188
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 13-21;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 12 - 23;
Vertebrae
: 43 - 47. Gill cover without bony radiating striae; tooth plate on tongue narrow, pointed at each end, its width about 4 or 5 times in length, lateral teeth moderate; scales without fine striae on exposed posterior part; back green-gray when fresh. Pterotic bulla absent. Last two anal rays normal.
A schooling species found in coastal waters, from beaches down to 110 m or more. Has an apparently long spawning season (July to January) around the South Island, but not a fractional spawner. Eggs are present in mid-summer near Clutha River mouth (but samples may have included
S. antipodum
). More data needed.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Eggs present in mid-summer near Clutha River mouth (but samples may also have included
S. antipodum
).
Whitehead, P.J.P.
, 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref.
188
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
28 February 2017
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 10 - 16.6, mean 14.3 °C (based on 29 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00349 - 0.01438), b=3.11 (2.93 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 2.8 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Low
.
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