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Xanthichthys mento (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
REDTAIL TRIGGERFISH
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Balistidae   Xanthichthys

Xanthichthys mento
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Xanthichthys mento

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Xanthichthys mento
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Xanthichthys mento
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • tan + dark scale edges
  • c: orange/red
  • cheek - thin blue stripes
Dorsal rays III + 29-32; anal rays 26-29; pectoral rays 12-14; groove present in front of eye; 5 slightly diagonal, darkly pigmented grooves on cheek; anterior rays of second dorsal and anal fins elevated, forming triangular peak, much longer than posterior rays; lower jaw projecting slightly; tail base relatively narrow.

Pale blue grey to yellowish brown or tan, scale outlines narrowly blackish givinig cross-hatch appearance; caudal fin of males red, that of females yellow; outer edge of second dorsal and anal fins of males broadly yellow.

Size: reaches 30 cm.

Habitat: rocky and coral reefs.

Depth: 0-100 m.

Scattered localities in the Pacific Ocean including Ryukyu and Izu Islands, Marcus Island, Hawaiian Islands, Pitcairn Island, and Easter Island; in the tropical eastern Pacific it is known from all the offshore islands (being most common at the Revillagigedos), southern California, the tip of Baja, the SE Gulf of California, and Gorgona Island (Colombia).


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 100 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: zooplankton; pelagic fish larvae.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=35; Southern limit=-2; Western limit=-120; Eastern limit=-79; Latitudinal range=37; Longitudinal range=41.
Egg Type: Benthic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: All Pacific (West + Central + East); TEP non-endemic; Pacific only (East + Central &/or West); "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific); All species.
Habitat: Corals; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 30 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Eastern Pacific non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Mid Water; Near Bottom; Bottom + water column;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Allen , G.R. and Robertson, D.R., 1997., An Annotated Checklist of the fishes of Clipperton Atoll, Tropical Eastern Pacific., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 45:813-843.
  • Almenara Roldán, S. C., 2000., Demanda internacional en el manejo de especies marinas de ornato. En Aburto Oropeza, O. y C. A. Sánchez Ortiz (Eds.). Recursos arrecifales del Golfo de California, estrategias de manejo para las especies marinas de ornato., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:30-38.
  • De la Cruz Agüero, J., 1997., Catálogo de los peces Marinos de Baja California Sur., Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas:341.
  • Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
  • Garrison, G., 2000., Peces de la Isla del Coco., Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad:393.
  • Gotshall, D.W., 1996., Fishes of Rocas Alijos. In Rocas Alijos. Ed. R. W. Schmieder. Cornell Expeditions., Kluwer Academic Publishers: 347-354.
  • Grove , J.S. and Lavenberg, R. J., 1997., The fishes of the Galápagos islands., Stanford University Press:863 pp.
  • Humann, P., 1993., Reef Fish Identification: Galapagos., New World Publishing:192pp.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Gilbert, C.H., 1882., Notes on a collection of fishes made by Lieut. Henry E. Nichols, U.S.N., on the west coast of Mexico, with descriptions of new species., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 4:225-233.
  • Jordan , and McGregor,., 1898., List of fishes collected at the Revillagigedo archipelago and neighboring islands., Rept. U.S. Fisheries Comm., 24:271-284.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Randall , J.E. , Matsuura , K. and Zama, A., 1978., A revision of the triggerfish genus Xanthichthys, with description of a new species., Bull. Mar. Sci., 28:688-706.
  • Robertson , D.R. and Allen, G.A., 1996., Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll., Coral Reefs, 15:121-131.
  • Rodríguez-Romero, J., Abitia-Cardenas, L.A., Aguilar-Palomino, B., 1993., Range extension and first record of some marine fish in Baja California, Mexico., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 41:917-919.
  • Rubio , E.E. , Gutierrez , B. and Frank, R., 1987., Pesces de la Isla Gorgona., Centro de Publicaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia., (1-315):1-315.
  • Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
  • Snodgrass , R. E. and Heller, E., 1905., Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XVII. Shorefishes of the Revillagigedo, Clipperton, Cocos and Galapagos Island., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 6:333-427.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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