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Heterodontus quoyi (Fréminville, 1840)
GALAPAGOS BULLHEAD SHARK
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Heterodontidae   Heterodontus

Heterodontus quoyi
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Heterodontus quoyi

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Heterodontus quoyi
© Copyright Roger Steene, 2006 · 0
Heterodontus quoyi
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • low crest over eye
  • 1st dorsal fin origin behind pectoral
  • body spots greater than 1/2 eye
A slender-bodied shark with a large squarish pig-lke snout; low bony ridge above each eye ends gradually at rear; nostrils without barbels; with grooves around nostrils and connected to the mouth; anterior nasal flaps elongate posteriorly; small mouth with enlarged molariform teeth posteriorly; both dorsal fins with a sharp spine; origin of first dorsal fin behind pectoral fin base.

Grey or light brown with large (>1/2 eye diameter) blackish leopard- like spotting; no pale bar between eyes; dark spots or blotches under eye; a series of diffuse dark grey bars may be present across back and sides.

Size: reaches 107 cm.

Habitat: often seen resting on sand adjacent to rocky reefs.

Depth: 3-40 m.

Galapagos Islands and Ecuador to Peru.



Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 40 m.
Depth Range Min: 3 m.
Diet: bony fishes; sea-stars/cucumbers/urchins; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs).
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=2; Southern limit=-10; Western limit=-93; Eastern limit=-79; Latitudinal range=12; Longitudinal range=14.
Egg Type: Benthic; No pelagic larva; No pelagic phase.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Sand & gravel; Reef (rock &/or coral); Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Reef and soft bottom.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 107 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Continent + Island (s); Peruvian province, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Compagno, L.J.V., 1999., Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In Hamlett W.C. (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes., The John Hopkins University Press:471-498.
  • Compagno, L.J.V., 1984., Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of sharks species known to date. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Species Catalogue., FAO Fish. Synop. No 125, 4(1):1-249.
  • Edgar, G.J. Banks, S., Fariña, J.M., Calvopiña, M. and Martínez, C., 2004., Regional biogeography of shallow reef fish and macro-invertebrate communities in the Galapagos archipelago., Journal of Biogeography, 31:1107-1124.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
  • Fréminville,., 1840., Notice sur une nouvelle espèce de poisson, appartenant au genre Cestracion de Cuvier., Mag. Zool. Guerin (Ser. 2), (Pt 5):1-3.
  • Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
  • Humann, P., 1993., Reef Fish Identification: Galapagos., New World Publishing:192pp.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Rubio, E.A., 1986., Notas sobre la ictiofauna de la Isla de Gorgona, Colombia., Boletin Ecotropica. Univ. Bog. Jorge Tadeo Lozano, 13:86-112.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Heterodontus&speciesname=quoyi ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Heterodontus&speciesname=quoyi
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https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Heterodontus&speciesname=quoyi ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Heterodontus-quoyi.html
Heterodontus quoyi, Galapagos bullhead shark
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Heterodontus quoyi ( Fréminville , 1840 )

Galapagos bullhead shark Add your observation in Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Heterodontus quoyi   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
Upload your photos  and  videos
Pictures | Videos | Google image Image of Heterodontus quoyi (Galapagos bullhead shark) Heterodontus quoyi
Picture by Murch, A.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) > Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; o dontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back. ( See ETYFish ) ;   quoyi: In honor of naval surgeon and naturalist Jean René Constant Quoy (1790‒1869), for his friendship, his “tireless zeal and extensive knowledge†(translation) of zoology, and for lessons and advice that have guided Fréminville in his study of science. ( See ETYFish ) .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 3 - 40 m (Ref. 5227 ), usually 16 - 30 m (Ref. 54549 ). Tropical; 0°S - 10°S, 90°W - 71°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Peru (including offshore islands) and the Galapagos Islands. There might be another Heterodontus species from Peru which is Heterodontus peruanus , but these two cannot be separated as of this time for lack of materials examined.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 107 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5227 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits sand flat and rocky, boulder strewn reef areas, with sand between outcroppings in inshore continental and insular waters. Rests motionless on the bottom. Is docile, non-aggressive and a poor swimmer (Ref. 5227 ). Nocturnal (Ref. 43278 ). Feeds on shellfish, crabs, and small invertebrates (Ref. 28023 ). Oviparous (Ref. 50449 ). Size at birth (for a newly hatched male) is 17 cm.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449 ). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205 ).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Compagno, L.J.V. , 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 24 January 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Traumatogenic





Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest FAO - Fisheries: species profile ; Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: species profile ; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 17.7 - 23.2, mean 20.5 °C (based on 16 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5059   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00166 - 0.00872), b=3.15 (2.95 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.5   ±0.50 se; based on food items. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Very high vulnerability (78 of 100). Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 12.5 [2.4, 47.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.364 [0.088, 1.020] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.1, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0756 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 27.9 [8.7, 80.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.7 [17.4, 155.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.969 [0.473, 1.973] mg/100g (wet weight);

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