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Cercopithecus erythrogaster Gray, 1866 Red-bellied monkey

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Higher taxa:  Life   Vertebrata   Mammalia   Cercopithecidae   Cercopithecus   Global map IDnature guides: Mammalia_species, Primates We parsed the following live from the Web into this page. Such content is managed by its original site and not cached on Discover Life. Please send feedback and corrections directly to the source. See original regarding copyrights and terms of use. Image, University of Wisconsin Animal Info Primates

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Animal Info - Endangered Animals Animal Info - Red-bellied Monkey (Other Names: Cercopithèque à Ventre Roux, Nigerian Guenon, Nigerian White-throat Monkey, Red-bellied Guenon, Rotbauchmeerkatze, White-throated Guenon or Monkey) Cercopithecus erythrogaster Status : Endangered Contents 1. Profile ( Picture ) 2. Tidbits 3. Status and Trends ( IUCN Status , Countries Where Currently Found , History of Distribution , Threats and Reasons for Decline ) 4. Data on Biology and Ecology ( Weight , Habitat , Diet , Behavior , Social Organization , Density and Range ) 5. References Profile Pictures: Red-bellied Monkey #1 (10 Kb JPEG); Red-bellied Monkey #2 (166 Kb GIF) ( Prim. Info Net ) The red-bellied monkey weighs 2 - 4.5 kg (4.4 - 9.9 lb). It is arboreal , living in moist tropical forest and the wettest parts of dry tropical forest. It is also found in secondary bush and old farmland. Its diet includes fruit, insects, leaves and crops. Solitary males have been observed, but usually the red-bellied monkey forages in small groups of up to 5 individuals, although groups of 30 or more probably occur ( Oates 1985 ) . This monkey is known only from southwestern Nigeria and southern Benin . It is threatened by hunting and habitat degradation from agriculture and logging. Tidbits *** The red-bellied monkey does not adapt well to highly degraded forest. Status and Trends IUCN Status: 1986: Vulnerable 1988 - 1994: Endangered 1996: Vulnerable ( Criteria : A1c ) 2000 - 2004: Endangered ( Criteria : A1cd ) (Population Trend: Decreasing ) ( IUCN 2004 ) Countries Where the Red-bellied Monkey Is Currently Found: 2004: Occurs in Nigeria and Benin . May occur in Togo . ( IUCN 2004 ) History of Distribution: The red-bellied monkey occurs in southwestern Nigeria and southern Benin . It may occur in Togo . ( IUCN 2004 ) Distribution Map (14 Kb GIF) ( African Mammals Databank 2004 ) Threats and Reasons for Decline: Threats include hunting and habitat degradation from agriculture and logging Data on Biology and Ecology Weight : The female red-bellied monkey weighs 2 - 4 kg (4.4 - 8.8 lb); the male weighs 3.5 - 4.5 kg (7.7 - 9.9 lb). Habitat: The red-bellied monkey is found in moist lowland tropical forest and the wettest parts of dry tropical forest. It is also found in secondary bush and old farmland, usually in dense vegetation between 2 - 15 m (6.6 - 50') ( Kingdon 1997 ) . The red-bellied monkey is found in the Guinean Forests of West Africa Biodiversity Hotspot ( Cons. Intl. 2005 ).   Diet: Fruit, insects, leaves and crops. Behavior: The red-bellied monkey is arboreal . Social Organization: Solitary males have been observed, but usually the red-bellied monkey forages in small groups of up to 5 individuals, although groups of 30 or more probably occur ( Oates 1985 ) . Density and Range: At the heart of the red-bellied monkey's remaining range, a spacing of 1 group per sq km (1 group per 0.4 sq mi) has been estimated ( Kingdon 1997 ) . References African Mammals Databank 2004 , Burton & Pearson 1987 , Cons. Intl. 2005 , IUCN 1994 , IUCN 1996 , IUCN 2000 , IUCN 2003a , IUCN 2004 , Kingdon 1997 , Macdonald 1984 , Oates 1985 , Oates 1996 , Prim. Info Net Top of Page | Search This Site Home | Rarest Mammals | Species Index | Species Groups Index | Country Index | Links Last modified: June 4, 2005; © 1999 - 2010 Animal Info . Hosted by Enhancement Endangered animals of the world. Contact Us .

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Primates Id code: amd066 Cercopithecidae Cercopithecus erythrogaster Gray, 1866 (Eng) Red-bellied or white-throated guenon (Fre) Cercopithéque à ventre rouge Taxonomic notes No significant taxonomic notes. IUCN threat category Vulnerable (VU: criteria A1c). Available information Little is known on the ecology of the white-throated guenon. The main reference is Oates (1985), who gave a detailed account of what is known of the ecology of this species. Most of the information consists in observations conducted by the author. A rather detailed picture of habitat preferences is given; instead, diet, behaviour, population structure and density are very poorly known. Locations of collected specimens and overall geographic distribution are also reported by the author. Distribution and some notes on the habitat are also found in Lernould (1988) and Oates (1988). General information on the species’ ecology and distribution is provided in Kingdon (1997) and Stuart & Stuart (1997). Status, threats and distribution are discussed in Oates (1996). The species is included in the list of the most threatened African primate species (Lee et al., 1988). Known extent of occurrence This species is known only from Southwest Nigeria, where it is restricted to west of the Niger Delta, but it may extend east of the delta and reach Benin (and possibly Togo) in the west (Lernould, 1988). The distribution map was obtained from Oates (1996), adjusted to include locations from Oates (1985, 1988) and revised following the river network (Fig. 2.3.10.a). Categorical-discrete (CD) distribution model Restricted to primary and secondary lowland forests and their surroundings (Oates, 1996; Lee et al., 1988; Kingdon, 1997). Based on these environmental preferences, the following scores were assigned (Fig. 2.3.10.b) (Tab. 2.3.10.a): Score   1 Forests. 2 Forest mosaics. 3 Savannas and croplands.   suitable moderately suitable unsuitable Total km 2 % km 2 % km 2 % km 2 % 46 791 48 37 653 38 13 935 14 98 379 100 Tab 2.3.10.a: Cumulative size (km 2 ) of areas pertaining to each environmental suitability class within the Extent of Occurrence. Number Patches (NP) Mean Patch Size (MPS) km 2 Patch Size SD (PSSD) km 2 Largest Patch Index (LPI) % Mean Shape Index (MSI) Area-Weighted Mean Shape Index (AWMSI) suitable 58 802 4 597 41.24 1.45 9.34 moderately suitable 113 332 1 251 12.17 1.48 4.81 Total AO 14 6 002 21 328 98.66 1.66 6.47 Tab 2.3.10.b: Area of Occupancy fragmentation indexes. Probabilistic-continuous (PC) distribution model The output of the probabilistic-continuous (PC) distribution model is shown in Fig. 2.3.10.c. Validation No occurrence of the species within the four sample areas. Comments and conservation issues The suitable areas within the known EO of this species account for only 46 791 km 2 . Moreover, this area is highly fragmented and interspersed with areas that are of lower suitability or are definitely unsuitable. This pattern is confirmed by comparing the NP, MPS and LPI of the suitable areas, the moderately suitable areas and the total AO. The overall quality of the AO is greatly increased when the two types of areas are taken together. The CD model shows that some of the worst quality areas are in the northern parts of the range. Virtually none of the total AO is included in the protected areas of the region and the species is correctly classified as Vulnerable. SUITABILITY CLASS inside outside Total suitable 0.24 47.33 47.56 moderately suitable 0.51 37.77 38.27 unsuitable 0.19 13.97 14.16 Total 0.94 99.06 100 Tab 2.3.10.c: Percent of environmental suitability classes within EO (as obtained from the categorical-discrete distribution model) inside and outside the protected areas. References Kingdon J. (1997). The Kingdon field guide to African Mammals. Academic Press, London and New York: Natural World. Lee P.C., Thornback J., Bennet E.L. (1988). Threatened Primates of Africa. IUCN, Gland - Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Lernould J. (1988). Classification and geographical distribution of guenons: a review. In: Gautier-Hion A., Bourlière F., Gautier J., Kingdon J. (Eds). A Primate Radiation: Evolutionary Biology of the African Guenons. Cambridge University Press, New York: pp 54-78. Oates J.F. (1985). The Nigerian Guenon, Cercocebus erythrogaster : Ecological, behavioral, systematic and historical observations. Folia Primatol.: 45, 25-43. Oates J.F. (1988). The distribution of Cercopithecus monkeys in West African forests. In: Gautier-Hion A., Bourlière F., Gautier J., Kingdon J. (Eds). A Primate Radiation: Evolutionary Biology of the African Guenons. Cambridge University Press, New York: pp 79-103. Oates J.F. (1996). African Primates Status Survey and Conservation Action plan. IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. Stuart C., Stuart T. (1997). Field guide to the larger mammals of Africa. Struik Publishers.