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REMAINING (number with state)
Abdomen, S5 or the last visible sternum, bristle-like hairs on apical margin
Absent (20)
Present (6)
Abdomen, S5 or the last visible sternum, shape of profile from the side
STRAIGHT, or nearly so, along entire length (19)
WEAKLY down turned at apex (16)
STRONGLY down turned at apex (5)
Abdomen, T1, basal and apical pale hair bands
Parallel or nearly so (20)
Not parallel (9)
Abdomen, T1, width of dark medial region vs width of pale hair bands on sides
3. Wider than pale band of hair on sides (21)
2. Equal in width to the pale band of hair on sides (7)
1. Narrower than pale band of hair on side (5)
Abdomen, T2, swath of pale hair along the lateral sides, angle at which it joins the apical hair band
3. Weakly acute - 60 to 80 degree angle (13)
2. Square or obtuse - 90 degrees or greater (11)
4. Strongly acute - 45 degree angle or less (11)
1.Lateral swaths of pale hair ABSENT (8)
Abdomen, pseudopygidial area, basal hair
Distinctly different from apical hair (15)
Similar in density, reflectance, and coarseness to apical hair (14)
Abdomen, pseudopygidial area, outline of apical margin - Consider the integument only, do not include hairs
Convex (20)
Straight across (10)
Concave (4)
Abdomen, pseudopygidial area, overall shape as seen when viewed from top
Oval shaped (16)
Quadrangular or rectangular (15)
Triangular (6)
Distinctly circular (4)
Abdomen, sterna, apical 4th of segment, band of white appressed hair - Note that band is often very narrow, not complete, and may exist only as patches at the very far sides
Present on S2-S4 (17)
Present on S3-S4 only (8)
Absent (6)
Present on S2-S3 only (4)
Present on S4 only (3)
Abdomen, terga, rim, color of hair band - Careful, the difference between very pale yellow and white takes experience and the color of your light source may disguise these differences
Pale yellow - The majority of species (16)
Greyish white (10)
Head, clypeus, length
Normal, apical rim of clypeus reaching bottom edge of eye, or nearly so, NOT surpassing it by more than 1 lateral ocellar diameter (23)
Long, apical rim of clypeus SURPASSING bottom edge of eye by 1.5 lateral ocelli diameters or more (6)
Head, clypeus, presence or absence of a smooth, unpitted, slightly elevated longitudinal midline
Faintly distinguishable from rest of clypeus, line may be unpitted but not raised above the surface or may be only very short (15)
Strongly distinct from rest of clypeus (12)
Absent (11)
Head, clypeus, size of pits
With larger pits that are just faintly distinguishable from smaller pits (20)
All pits the SAME relatively small size (16)
With larger pits OBVIOUSLY distinct from smaller pits - This is the more rare state (10)
Head, integument color of clypeus
All black to brown (22)
Black to brown with some red or orange (9)
All red or orange (3)
Head, upper rear margin, presence or absence of narrow, low carina - Careful, see explain
Absent (21)
Present (3)
Legs, integument color, not including tarsi, coxae or spines
Entirely black to brown - Caution there is often a slight reddish cast to the browns, but the overall effect is brown not red or orange (17)
Mix of black to brown sections with red or orange (12)
Entirely and distinctly red or orange (9)
State or province where bee was collected
SC (21)
GA (20)
NC (20)
MS (19)
NJ (19)
VA (19)
DC (18)
PA (18)
TN (18)
WV (18)
AL (17)
FL (17)
KY (17)
MD (17)
DE (16)
IL (16)
IN (16)
OH (16)
LA (15)
NY (13)
WI (11)
MI (10)
CT (8)
MA (8)
RI (8)
Ontario (7)
ME (4)
NH (4)
VT (3)
New Brunswick (2)
Nova Scotia (2)
PQ (2)
SD (1)
T. concavus vs. all
All - Abdomen, pseudopygidial area, type of hair, mostly APPRESSED OR SUBERECT (22)
T. concavus - Abdomen, pseudopygidial area, type of hair, RANGES from SHORT near apical rim TO LONG towards the base of the pseudopygidium, all hairs slanting up and back towards the tip forming an unique 3-dimensional structure that, looking from the rear, looks like a slanting slope of densely packed pin heads or the REAR-END OF A PORCUPINE (1)
T. cressonii vs. T. helianthi vs. T. monardae
T. cressonii - Thorax, mesepisturnum, upper portion, with a SMALL PATCH of white appressed hairs near its rear suture (1)
T. helianthi - Thorax, mesepisturnum, upper portion, with a strong WIDE BAND of white appressed hairs running from the pronotal lobe to the rear suture (1)
T. monardae - Thorax, mesepisturnum, upper portion, ENTIRELY COVERED with white appressed hairs (1)
T. helianthi vs. T. micropygius
T. helianthi - Thorax, mesepisturnum, amount and pattern of hair, upper half with a TRANSVERSE BAND of matted, short, thick, white appressed hairs, and lower half with such hairs absent or with only a FEW HAIRS near the edges of the segment - Compartively, not as hairy as T. micropygius (1)
T. micropygius - Thorax, mesepisturnum, amount and pattern of hair, integument of the upper half almost ENTIRELY HIDDEN by a dense mat of short, thick appressed white hairs, and the lower half with a lower density of similar white hairs through in which the integument is visible - Comparitively, hairier than T. helianthi (1)
T. mitchelli vs. all
All - DEFAULT option - Species for which the female is KNOWN, always choose this option first (23)
T. mitchelli - Species for which the female is currently UNKNOWN (1)
T. quadrifasciatus atlanticus vs. all
All - Thorax, pronotal collar, length at midpoint, NORMAL, about one lateral ocellar diameter in length (23)
T. quadrifasciatus - Thorax, pronotal collar, length at midpoint, LONG, about 1.5 - 2 lateral ocellar diameters in length - Note - T. concavus also may have a collar of the same length (2)
Thorax, integument color of scutellum
Entirely black to dark brown (23)
Black to dark brown with some red, orange, or amber (3)
Entirely and distinctly red, orange, or amber (2)
Thorax, lower half of mesepisternum, appearance of integument between pits - Caution, see explain
Flat or nearly so (19)
Raised, rough, as if covered with rounded, projecting lobes (17)
Not applicable - Hair in this area exceptionally dense obscuring view of surface (2)
Thorax, mesepisternum lateral -not ventral- surface, length of erect simple hairs - Caution, see explain
LACKING hairs of this type (17)
Length LESS than 0.5 lateral ocellar diameter (13)
Length GREATER than 1 lateral ocellar diameter (5)
Thorax, primary integument color of pronotal lobe
Black to dark brown (21)
Red, orange, or amber (10)
Thorax, primary integument color of tegula
Black to dark brown (19)
Red, orange, or amber (14)
Thorax, scutum, PRESENCE or ABSENCE of a PAIR of distinct NARROW STRIPS OF PALE HAIR running longitudinally from the anterior margin of the scutum
Distinct, NOT clearly connected to pale hair on apical margin - Careful apical hair may be missing, do not confuse with pronotal collar hair (18)
Distinct, clearly CONNECTED to pale hair on apical margin (7)
Absent, anterior scutum entirely dark, lacking hair (5)
Indistinct, NOT distinguishable from pale hair on apical half of scutum (3)
Thorax, width between tegulae
1-2.5 mm (18)
Less than 2.0 mm (15)
2.6-3.0 mm (12)
Greater than 3.1 mm (4)
Total length
10-12 mm (20)
Less than 10 mm (15)
12-14 mm (14)
14-16 mm (6)
Greater than 16 mm (1)