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Higher taxa:  Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Myliobatidae   Aetobatus   Global map IDnature guides: Fish, Fish_species_NCSM, SFTEP We parsed the following live from the Web into this page. Such content is managed by its original site and not cached on Discover Life. Please send feedback and corrections directly to the source. See original regarding copyrights and terms of use. Taiwan Biodiversity National Information Network CalPhotos FishBase

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© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 Aetobatus narinari	© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 Aetobatus narinari
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 Aetobatus narinari

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Overview

Main identification features snout: narrow, projecting back: black + white spots tail: long, 2-6 spines Head squarish with protruding, rounded snout; teeth in 1 series of plates; large triangular "wings" with curved tips (pectoral fin flaps); tail very long and slender with 2-6 barbed spines at base. Dark grey to black with numerous white spots above, white below. Size: disc width to 250 cm. Habitat: often sighted alone or in small groups cruising around the perimeters of reefs, common in estuaries. Depth: 1-80 m. Cosmopolitan in tropical to warm temperate seas; southern Baja to the lower 3/4 of the Gulf of California to Ecuador, all the oceanic islands except Clipperton. Attributes Abundance: Common. Cites: Not listed. Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo). Depth Range Max: 80 m. Depth Range Min: 1 m. Diet: octopus/squid/cuttlefish; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); mobile benthic worms. Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=30; Southern limit=-4; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=34; Longitudinal range=37. Egg Type: Live birth; No pelagic larva. Feeding Group: Carnivore. FishBase Habitat: Bentho-Pelagic. Global Endemism: Circumtropical ( Indian + Pacific + Atlantic Oceans); East Pacific + Atlantic (East +/or West); Transisthmian (East Pacific + Atlantic of Central America); East Pacific + all Atlantic (East+West); All Pacific (West + Central + East); TEP non-endemic; "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific); All species. Habitat: Estuary; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Sand & gravel; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Water column. Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only. IUCN Red List: Data deficient; Listed. Length Max: 250 cm. Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Eastern Pacific non-endemic; All species. Residency: Resident. Salinity: Brackish; Marine. Water Column Position: Bottom; Mid Water; Near Bottom; Bottom + water column;

Names

Scientific source:       Integrated Taxonomic Information System

Links to other sites

Fishbase Catalog of Fishes Integrated Taxonomic Information System

References

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A. and Estupiñan, F., 1990., Ictiofauna del Parque Nacional Natural Sanquianga, un Analisis de su Estructura y Perspectivas para su Manejo., Memorias del VII Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias y Tecnologías del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :660-670. Rubio, E.A., 1986., Notas sobre la ictiofauna de la Isla de Gorgona, Colombia., Boletin Ecotropica. Univ. Bog. Jorge Tadeo Lozano, 13:86-112. Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183. Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224. 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Acknowledgements

Ross Robertson, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.