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© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 Sphyrna lewini	© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 Sphyrna lewini
© Copyright Clay Bryce, 2006 Sphyrna lewini	© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 Sphyrna lewini

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Overview

Main identification features hammer: wide, front convex + central notch 1st dorsal fin : rounded tip 2nd dorsal fin less than 3rd gill slit A large hammerhead shark with broad (width of hammer 24-30% of total length) narrow-bladed side extensions on the head; front margin of head broadly convex, and scalloped due to a prominent middle indentation, a more conspicuous notch near the end of each side of the hammer (which sets off the end lobe bearing the eye), and a slight indentation in front margin between the central and side notches on each side; first dorsal fin moderately large and erect, rear margin concave, first dorsal fin with rounded tip; height of second dorsal fin < length of 3rd gill slit; free rear tip of second dorsal fin nearly reaching caudal fin; base of anal fin noticeably larger than that of second dorsal fin. Brownish grey, shading to white ventrally; undersides of pectoral fins tipped with black. Size: attains 430 cm; size at birth 42-55 cm. Habitat: coastal and oceanic, young in shallow muddy areas. Depth: 0-275 m. Worldwide in tropical and warm temperate seas, California to northern Peru, plus all the oceanic islands. Attributes Abundance: Common. Cites: Not listed. Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo). Depth Range Max: 275 m. Depth Range Min: 0 m. Diet: octopus/squid/cuttlefish; bony fishes; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; sharks/rays; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs). Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=33; Southern limit=-4; Western limit=-118; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=37; Longitudinal range=40. Egg Type: Live birth; No pelagic larva. Feeding Group: Carnivore. FishBase Habitat: Pelagic. Global Endemism: Circumtropical ( Indian + Pacific + Atlantic Oceans); East Pacific + Atlantic (East +/or West); Transisthmian (East Pacific + Atlantic of Central America); East Pacific + all Atlantic (East+West); All Pacific (West + Central + East); TEP non-endemic; "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific); All species. Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Water column; Estuary. Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Offshore; In & Offshore. IUCN Red List: Near threatened; Listed. Length Max: 430 cm. Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); Eastern Pacific non-endemic; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; All species. Residency: Resident. Salinity: Brackish; Marine. Water Column Position: Mid Water; Near Bottom; Water column only;

Names

Scientific source:       Integrated Taxonomic Information System

Links to other sites

Fishbase Catalog of Fishes Integrated Taxonomic Information System

References

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Acknowledgements

Ross Robertson, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.