Great Smoky Mountains National Park

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Checklist of the Lepidotera in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park

L. Lambdin
D. Faulsen
J. K Watson
K Langdon

Research Report 91-24
November 1991

Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology
Agricultural Experiment Station
The University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee

This research was supported in part by the National Park Service

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We wish to thank Leslie Bishop, Lala Gammon, David Hughes, John Hyatt, and Feng Pingzhang for their assistance in collecting and identification of species obtained during the study;to David Hughes, Feng Pingzhang and Lynn Snodderly for their assistance in developing and entering the data obtained from the species collections into Data Base files, and to Dale Schweitzer (Nature Conservancy) for his helpful comments on the status of the species collected. Also, we are indebted to Janet Rock, Robert Emmott, and K. Mancill (National Park Service) and the staff at the Great Smoky Mountains National Park museum for their assistance throughout this project.

P. L. Lambdin is a Professor and D. Paulsen is a Research Assistant in the Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station, P. O. Box 1071, Knoxville, TN 37901-1071. J. K Watson is an Entomologist,National Park Service, Luray, VA 22835. K Langdon is a Resource Manager, National Park Service, Gatlinburgh, TN 37738.

INTRODUCTION

Few organisms have attracted as much attention among the million plus insects as have the butterflies and moths. These organisms belong to the Order Lepidoptera which means "scaly wingsn. Their graceful flight, wing patterns, and color combinations give the more than 100,000 species worldwide their distinguishing characteristics. They have been an inspiration to many individuals ranging from artists to naturalists. The first insect species described from North America in 1758 was the tiger swallowtail, Papilio glaucus Linneaus.

The larvae of many butterfly and moth species are destructive plant feeders. Larvae feed on a variety of food sources ranging from leaves, flowers, dead or decayed leaves and wood, animal fur and feathers to plant tissue. A few species are known to be predators. For example, the larva of one North American carnivorous butterfly, the harvester butterfly (Fe~1iseca tarquinius Fabricius), feeds on species of woolly aphids, and larvae of the plume moth (Pterophoridae) feeds on diaspidid scale insects. Also, La~ilia coccidivora Cockerell feed on females of the tuliptree scale, Toumeyella liriodendri (Gmelin). Moths and most butterflies (except skippers) pupate in a cocoon.

Documentation of species diversity in natural ecosystems is necessary to better understand those ecosystems and their dynamics. The introduction of exotic pest species into endemic ecosystems often interrupts natural succession and development of the system. The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (l~innaeus), is expected to invade and infest the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) within the next few years. Thus, concern exists regarding the impact and potential destructive capabilities by defoliation that the Gypsy moth may cause. In addition, scientists are concerned about the possible impact that suppression tactics against the gypsy moth may have on the native lepidopteran fauna.

More than 1,580 plant species, including 130 native tree species (King and Stupka 1950), occur within the GSMNP. Cain (1937) estimated that almost 10% of the flora was endemic to the southern Appalachians. Extremely variable moisture conditions are found in the vegetative habitats from the mesic valleys to the xeric ridgetops. Also, temperatures within the region range from austral to subalpine (Whittaker 1956). These environmental parameters are favorable to the development of extremely diverse arthropod taxa.

Of major importance to the survival of some species is the need to identify and possibly preserve habitats that support both common and rare species, many of which pollinate the wildflowers that visitors to the GSMNP enjoy. These lepidopteran species may be significantly affected by direct competition resulting from gypsy moth defoliation and loss of niches.

No comprehensive systematic study has been attempted for the Lepidoptera of the GSMNP (as data available prior to 1987 are results from collections made by a few collectors from various areas during limited time frames). Thus, it is important to obtain an inventory of the Lepidoptera fauna before the gypsy moth infests the area. A review of lepidopterans collected in the GSMNP by investigators prior to 1987 indicated records for 357 species. Brown (1986) recorded 213 species collected in the GSMNP from studies conducted during the spring of that year.

A cooperative study was initiated in the Fall of 1987 with the National Park Service (NPS) and The University of Tennessee to conduct a biosystematic study of the Lepidoptera of the GSMNP. The objectives of the project were to: survey and determine the species of Lepidoptera present in the GSMNP.

MATERLALS AND METHODS

Ten sites were selected (five in North Carolina and five in Tennessee) in habitats where gypsy moth defoliation could potentially occur (i.e., in forested areas with a major oak component, near campgrounds where egg masses and pupae could be transported). Nine standard 110V AC Ellisco light traps were modified to a 12V DC system and covered with aluminum caps (to shield rainfall and falling debris) and fitted with a 15W ultraviolet light. At the Elkmont site, a standard, AC-powered Ellisco light trap was used. A 12V battery was placed in a containment box equipped with a LCS-2 photoswitch under a plexiglass window. Elevations at the 10 sites ranged from 1,795 feet at the Primitive Baptist Church (Cades Cove) to 4,808 feet at the Beetree Ridge site. Each trap was equipped and activated for 8 to 12 hours at 21 day intervals from 31 August to 31 October 1987 and 1 March to 31 October of 1988 and 1989. Additional light trap and sweep net collections were made from November through February as permitted by weather. Light trap samples were retrieved the following morning and taken to the laboratory where they were initially frozen until they could be sorted, spread on pinning boards and identified. Specimens were then labelled, catalogued, and stored in the museum.

Specimens of butterflies were collected (primarily with sweep nets) throughout the GSMNP at selected elevations in as many habitats as time and opportunity allowed. In addition, miscellaneous samples from supplemental lighting, sheets (placed near a light source where specimens would be attracted, rest on the sheet, and collected), and baiting produced several species of moths and butterflies. Gypsy moth pheromone traps were placed at each site in 1988 and in 1989. Also, pheromone traps were used to collect six species of clear-winged moths of the family Sessidae. Data (consisting of: species, author, date described, number of specimens collected, collection date, site collected, and habitat type) were incorporated into Data Base Plus III files for storage and analysis.

RESULTS

The moths of the GSMNP represent a diverse, species-rich complex of local to regional species. From a faunistic viewpoint, these records are important because 349 species were recorded from the area for the first time. More than 41,000 specimens were processed and identified from August 1987 to 31 December 1990. ! ~rgest numbers of specimens and species were found at lower elevations from 2,049 to 2,523 feet, then diminished somewhat from 2,541 to 2,853 feet, before increasing in sites above 4,000 feet. The number of specimens collected was variable among the sites with largest numbers obtained from the Noland Creek (2523 ft.), Beetree Ridge (4,808 ft.), and Mt. Sterling (4,132 ft.) sites. Lower numbers occurred at Cold Spring Gap (2,760 ft.), Cataloochee (2,744 ft.), and Smokemont (2,541 ft.) sites.

These specimens represented 675 species collected and identified from the ten sites throughout the study period. A list of the species, including their common names and appropriate data, is provided in Table 1. Nomenclature and keys to identify the species collected were obtained from: Covell 1984a, 1984b; Eichlin and Duckworth 1988; Ferguson 1971, 1972, 1985; Franclemont 1973; Hodges 1971, 1974, 1978, 1986; Holland 1908; Munroe 1972, 1973, 1976; Neunzig 1986; Richard and Heitzman 1987; Scott 1986).

The number of farnilies represented at each site was rather constant with a mean of 16 (11-19) per site. Approximately 149 (82-175) genera were represented at each site. Also, an average of 222 (165-270) species was recorded per site. The lowest numbers of species (165 and 173) occurred at the Cold Spring Gap and Piney Mountain trap sites, respectively. The greatest species diversity occurred at the Smokemont site with 17 families, 175 genera and 270 species represented. This high diversity was followed by collections from the Noland Creek and Mt. Sterling sites. In a comparison of species numbers with host type, the highest numbers were found in the Mixed Mesic Hardwood sites and the lowest numbers in the Pine-Oak habitat. The number of species identified from each site also appeared to be somewhat variable.

Prior to 19~7, about 357 species had been recorded to occur in the GSMNP. In our study, 606 species of moths and 69 species of butterflies were collected and identified for which 349 species represented new records for the GSMNP. Both resident and migrant species of butterflies and moths were collected. A few rare species also were collected. Species with univoltine, bivoltine and multivoltine generations were represented at all sites within the GSMNP.

Because of the variety of niches present throughout the GSMNP, it is estimated that the 675 species identified in this study represent only about 60-70% of the lepidopteran species capable of surviving in this region. Therefore, our goal is to continue to observe the lepidopteran fauna in the GSMNP to add any new species identifications to this data base by providing information and voucher specimens to the National Park Service. Several additional species may be collected and identified using alternate collecting methods (e.g., extend collection periods, vary type of baits used, and utilize sweep net samples in grasses and shrubs) that would not be obtained from light traps. This study will serve as a basis for evaluating the increase or decline of a particular species resulting from the invasion of exotic pests into the GSMNP, and provide information useful in implementing future managerial decisions and control tactics.

SELECTED REFERENCES

Brown, R. L. 1986. Survey of arthropods in southern Appalachians-Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Rpt. 13pp.

Cain, S. A. 1937. A preliminary guide to the Greenbrier-Brushy Mountain nature trail, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Thesis. Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 29pp.

Covell, C.V., Jr. 1984a. A Field Guide to the Moths of Eastern North America. Houghton Mifflin Co. Boston. 496pp.

Covell, C. V., Jr. 1984b. A Field Guide to the Moths of Eastem North America. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. 496pp.

Eichlin, T.D. and W. Duckworth. 1988. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 5.1. Sessioidea: Sessidae. Wedge Ent. Res. Foundatlon. Washington, D.C. 175pp.

Ferguson, D.C. 1971. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 20.2A. Bombycoidea: Saturniidae (Part). E.W. Classey Ltd. and R.B.D. Publ., Inc. London. 153pp.

Ferguson, D.C. 1972. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 20.2b. Bombycoidea: Saturniidae (Part). E.W. Classey Ltd. and R.B.D. Publ., Inc. London. 154-275pp.

Ferguson, D.C. 1985. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 18.1. Geometroidea: Geometridae (Part). Wedge Ent. Res. Foundation. Wash., D.C. 131pp.

Franclemont, J.G. 1973. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 20.1. Mimallonoidea: Mimallonidae and Bombycoidea: Apatelodidae, Bombycidae, Lasiocampidae. E.W. Classey Ltd. and R.B.D. Publ., Inc. London. 86pp.

Hodges, R. W. 1971 The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 21 Sphingoidea. E.W. Classey Ltd. and R.B.D. Publ., Inc. London. 158pp.

Hodges, R. W. 1974. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 6.2. Gelechioidea: Oecophoridae. E.W. Classey Ltd. and R.B.D. Publ., Inc. London. 142pp.

Hodges, R.W. 1978. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 6.1. Gelechioidea: Cosmopterigidae. E.W. Classey Ltd. and Wedge Ent. Res. Found. London. 166pp.

Hodges, R.W. 1986. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 7.1. Gelechioidea: Gelechiidae (Part I). Wedge Ent. Res. Foundation. Wash., D.C. l95pp.

Holland, W. J. 1908. The Moth Book. Doubleday, Page and Co., New York. 479pp.

King, P. B. and A. Stupka. 1950. The Great Smoky Mountains-their geology and natural history. . Sci. Mon. 71 :31-43.

Munroe, E. 1972. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 13.1 A,B. Pyraloidea:Pyralidae (Part). E.W. Classey Ltd. and R.B.D. Publ. Inc., London. 250pp.

Munroe, E. 1973. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 13. lC. Pyraloidea:Pyralidae (Part). E.W. Classey Ltd. and R.B.D. Publ., Inc. London. 253-304pp.

Munroe, E. 1976. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 13.2A,B. Pyraloidea:Pyralidae (Part). E.W. Classey Ltd. and Wedge Ent. Res. Foundation. London. 150pp.

Neunzig, H.H. 1986. The Moths of America North of Mexico. Fas. 15.2. Pyraloidea: Pyralidae (Part). Wedge Ent. Res. Foundation. Wash., D.C. 112pp.

Richard, J. and J.E. Heitzman. 1987. Butterflies and Moths of Missouri. Missouri Dept. Conser. 385pp.

Scott,J. A. 1986. The Butterflies of North America. Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, CA. 583pp.

Whittaker, R. H. 1956. Vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains. Ecol. Monog. 26:1-80.

Index

LEPIDOPTERA COLLECTED IN THE GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK (1987-1990)

[TAXA, AUTHOR, YEAR AND COMMON NAME]
[*=NEW COLLECTION RECORD FOR GSMNP].

Order: LEPIDOPTERA

Suborder: MONOTRYSIA

Superfamily: INCURVARIOIDEA

Family: INCURVARIIDAE (Yucca and fairy moths)

Subfamily: ADELINAE

1.* Adela caeruleella (Walker) 1863

Family: HELIOZELIDAE (Shield bearers and leaf miners)

Suborder: DITRYSIA

Superfamily: TINEOIDEA

Family: TINEIDAE (Clothes moths)

1.* Acrolophus popeanella (Clemens) 1859

Family: PSYCHIDAE (Bagworms)

Subfamily: OIKETICINAE

1. Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis (Haworth) 1803, Evergreen Bagworm Moth

Superfamily: GELECHIOIDEA

Family: OECOPHORIDAE (Oecophorid moths)

Subfamily: DEPRESSARIINAE

1. Machimia tentoriferella Clemens 1860, Gold-Striped Leaftier Moth

Subfamily: ETHMIINAE

1.* Ethmia zelleriella (Chambers) 1878

Subfamily: STENOMATINAE

1.* Antaeotricha schlaegeri (Zeller) 1854
2.* Antaeotricha leucillana (Zeller) 1854

Subfamily:

1.* Mathildana newmanella (Clemens) 1864

Family: GELECHIIDAE (Gelechiid moths)

Subfamily: DICHOMERIDINAE

1. Dichomeris ligulella Hubner 1818, Palmerworm Moth

Superfamily: YPONOMEUTOIDEA

Family: PLUTELLIDAE (Diamondback moths)

Family: YPONOMEUTIDAE (Ermine moths)

1. Atteva punctella (Cramer) 1781, Ailanthus Webworm Moth

Family: ARGYRESTHIIDAE (Ermine moths)

1.* Argyresthia calliphanes Meyrick 1913

Superfamily: SESIOIDEA

Family: SESSIDAE (Clear winged moths)

Subfamily: PARANTHRENINAE

1.* Paranthrene simulans "palmii" (Grote) 1881, Oak 13orer

Subfamily: SESIINAE

1.* Podosesia syringae (Harris) 1839, Lilac Borer
2.* Sannina uroceriformis Walker 1856, Persimmon Borer
3.* Synanthedon acerni (Clemens) 1860, Maple Callus Borer Moth
4. Synanthedon exitiosa (Say) 1823, Peachtree Bora
5.* Synanthedon fatifera Hodges 1962,
6.* Synanthedon rhododendri (Beutenmuller) 1909, Rhododendron Borer
7.* Synanthedon rubrofascia (Henry Edwards) 1881

Superfamily: COSSOIDEA

Family: COSSIDAE (Carpenterworm moths, leopard moths)

Subfamily: COSSINAE

1.* Prionoxystus robiniae (Peck) 1818, Carpenterworm Moth

Superfamily: TORTRICOIDEA

Family: TORTRICIDAE (Tortricid moths and leafrollers)

Subfamily: OLETHREUTINAE

1.* Olethreutes ferriferana (Walker) 1863

Subfamily: TORTRICINAE

1. Amorbia humerosana Clemens 1860
2.* Archips argyrospila (Walker) 1863, Fruit-Tree Leafroller Moth
3.* Archips cerasivorana (Fitch) 1856, Uglynest Caterpillar Moth
4.* Archips purpurana (Clemens) 1865
5.* Argyrotaenia alisellana (Robinson) 1869
6.* Argyrotaenia mariana (Fernald) 1882, Gray-Banded Leafroller Moth
7.* Argyrotaenia quercifoliana (Fitch) 1858
8. Argyrotaenia velutinana (Walker) 1863, Redbanded Leafroller Moth
9.* Choristoneura parallela (Robinson) 1869, Spotted Fireworm Moth
10. Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) 1841, Oblique-Banded Leafroller Moth
11. Choristoneura sp.
12.* Clepsis melaleucana (Walker) 1863
13. Endothenia hebesana (Wlk.)
14.* Pandemis limitata (Robinson) 1869, Three-Lined Leafroller Moth
15.* Sparganothis reticulatana (Clemens) 1860
16. Sparganothis sulfureana (Clemens) 1860, Sparganothis Fruitworm Moth
17.* Syndemis afflictana (Wialker) 1863

Family: COCHYLIDAEyCochylid moths)

Superfamily: HESPERIOIDEA

Family: HESPERIIDAE (Skippers)

Subfamily: PYRGINAE

1. Achalarus Iyciades (Geyer) 1832, Hoary Edge .
2. Epargyreus clarus (Cramer) 1775, Silver Spotted Skipper
3.* Erynnis baptisiae (Forbes) 1936, Indigo Dusky Wing
4. Erynnis brizo (Boisduval and LeConte) 1834, Banded Oak Dusky Wing
5. Erynnis horatius (Scudder and Burgess) 1870, Brown Dusky Wing
6. Erynnis icelus (Scudda and Burgess) 1870, Aspen Dusky Wing
7. Erynnis juvenalis (Fabricius) 1793, Eastern Oak Dusky Wing
8. Erynnis martialis (Scudder) 1869, Mottled Dusky Wing
9. Pyrgus communis (Grote) 1872, Checkered Skipper
10. Thorybes bathyllus Southern Cloudy Wing
11. Thorybes pylades (Scudder) 1870, Cloudy Wing
12. Urbanus proteus (Linneaus) 1758, Long-Tailed Skipper

Subfamily: HESPERIINAE

1. Amblyscrites aescutapius Lace-Winged Roadside Skipper
2. Amblyscrites hegon (Scudder) 1864, Pepper & Salt Skipper (Greenish Little Skipper)
3. Amblyscrites vialis Roadside Skipper
4. Ancyloxypha numitor (Fabricius) 1793, Least Skipperling
5. Atalopedes campestris (Boisduval) 1852, Sachem
6. Atrytonopis hianna Dusted Skipper
7. Lerema accius (J. E. Smith), 1797 Clouded Skipper
8. Oligoria maculata (Edwards) 1865, Three-Spot Skipper (Twin
9. Panoquina ocola Ocola Skipper
10. Poanes hobomok (Harris) 1862, Northern Dimorphic Skipper
11. Poanes zabulon (Boisduval & LeConte) 1834, Zabulon, (Southern Golden Skipper),
(Southern Dimorphic Skipper)
12. Polites coras (Cramer) 1775, Yellow-Patch Skipper
13. Polites origenes (Fabricius) 1793, Cross-Line Skipper
14. Polites thermistocles
15. Pompeius verna (Edwards) 1862, Little Glassy Wing
16.* Wallengrenia egeremet (Scudder) 1864, Brown Broken Dash

Superfamily: PAPILIONOIDEA

Family: PAPILIONIDAE (Swallowtails and Parnassians)

Subfamily: PAPILIONINAE

1. Battus philenor(Linneaus) 1771, Pipevine Swallowtail
2. Eurytides marcellus (Cramer) 1777, Zebra Swallowtail
3. Papilio glaucus Linneaus 1758, Tiger Swallowtail
4. Papilio cresphontes Giant Swallowtail
5. Papilio poluxenes Black Swallowtail
6. Papilio troilus Linneaus 1758, Spicebush Swallowtail

Family: PIERIDAE (Whites and Sulfurs)

Subfamily: PIERINAE

1. Artogeia rapae (Linneaus) 1758, Cabbage Butterfly
2. Artogeia virginiensis (Edwards) 1870, West Virginia White (Diffuse-Veined White)

Subfamily: ANTHOCHARINAE

1. Falcapica midea (Hubner) 1809, Falcate Orange-Tip

Subfamily: COLIADINAE

1. Colias eurytheme Boisduval 1852, Alfalfa Butterfly (Orange Sulfur)
2. Colias philodice Godart 1819, Clouded Sulfur (Common Sulfur)
3. Eurema daira Barred Yellow
4. Eurema lisa (Boisduval & LeConte) 1829, Little Yellow (Little Sulfur)
5. Eurema nicippe (Cramer) 1779, Sleepy Orange (Rambling Orange)
6. Phoebis sennae eubule (Linne,aus) 1767, Cloudless Sulfur

Family: LYCAENIDAE (Gossamer Wings, Harvesters, Hairstreaks, and Blues)

Subfamily: LIPHYRINAE

1. Feniseca tarquinius (Fabricius) 1793, Harvester

Subfamily: LYCAENINAE

1. Lycaena phlaeas (Linneaus) 1761, American Copper (Small Copper)

Subfamily: EUMAEINAE

1. Calycopis cecrops (Fabricius) 1793, Red-Banded Hairstreak
2. Incisalia augustus (Kirby) 1837, Brown Elfin
3. Incisalia niphon Eastern Pine Elfin
4. Parrhasius m-album (Boisduval & LeConte) 1833, White-M Hairstreak
5.* Satyrium calanus falacer Godart 1824, Banded Hairstreak
6.* Satyrium lipaprops (LeConte) 1833, Striped Hairstreak
7. Strymon melinus Hubner 1818, Gray Hairstreak

Subfamily: POLYOMMATINAE

1. Celastrina ladon (Cramer) 1780, Spring Azure
2.* Celastrina neglectamajor Tutt. 1908, Appalachian Blue
3. Everes comyntas (Godart) 1824, Eastern Tailed Blue (Tailed Blue)
4.* Glaucopsyche Iygdamus (Doubleday) 1842, Silvery Blue

Family: LIBYTHEIDAE (Snout butterflies)

Subfamily: LIBYTHEINAE

1. Libytheana bachmanii (Kirtland) 1851, Snout Butterfly

Family: NYMPHALIDAE (Anglewings, Brushfoots and Fritillaries)

Subfamily: HELICONIINAE

1. Agraulis vanillae (Linneaus) 1758, Gulf Fritillary

Subfamily: NYMPHAUNAE

1. Junonia coenia (Hubner) 1822, Buckeye
2. Nymphalis antiopa (Linneaus) 1758, Mourning Cloak
3. Polygonia comma (Harris) 1842, Comma Anglewing (Hop Merchant)
4. Polygonia faunus Green Comma
5. Polygonia interrogationis (Fabricius) 1798, Question Mark
6. Vanessa atalanta rubria (Fruhstorfer) 1909, Red Admiral
7. Vanessa cardui Painted Lady
8. Vanessa virginiensis (Drury) 1773, American Painted Lady

Subfamily: ARGYNNINAE

1. Clossiana bellona (Fabricius) 1775, Meadow Fritillary
2. Euptoieta claudia (Cramer), Variegated Fritillary
3. Speyeria aphrodite (Fabricius) 1787, Aphrodite Fritillary
4. Speyeria cybele (Fabricius) 1775, Great Spangled Fritillary
5. Speyeria diana (Cramer) 1775, Great Smokies Fritillary

Subfamily: MELITAEINAE

1. Charidryas nycetis (Doubleday and Hewitson) 1847, Silvery Checkerspot (Streamside Checkerspot)
2. Euphydryas phaeton Baltimore
3. Phyciodes batesii Tawny Crescent
4. Phyciodes tharos (Drury) 1773, Pearl Crescent (Pearly Crescentspot)

Subfamily: LIMENlTIDINAE

1. Basilarchia arthemis astyanax (Fabricius) 1775, Red-Spotted Purple
2. Limenitis archippus Viceroy

Family: APATURIDAE (Emperors)

Subfamily: APATURINAE

1.* Asterocampa celtis ~isduval and LeConte) 1833, Hackberry Butterfly

Family: SATYRIDAE (Satyrs and Wood Nymphs)

Subfamily: ELYMNIINAE

1. Enodia anthedon (Clark) 1936, Northern Pearly Eye

Subfamily: SATYRINAE

1. Cercyonis pegala (Fabricius) 1775, Wood Nymph
2. Cyllopsis gemma Gemmed Satyr
3. Hermeuptychia sosybius (Fabricius) 1793, Carolina Satyr
4. Megisto cymela (Cramer) 1777, Little Wood Satyr
5. Satyrodes appalachia Appalachain Eyed Brown

Family: DANAIDAE (Milkweed Butterflles)

Subfamily: DANAINAE

1. Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus) 1758, Monarch

Superfamily: ZYGAENOIDEA

Family: ZYGAENIDAE (Smoky moths)

1. Pyromorpha dimidiata Herrick-Schaffer 1854, Orange-Patched Smoky Moth

Family: MEGALOPYGIDAE (Flannel moths)

1. Lagoa crispata (Packard) 1864, Black-Waved Flannel Moth
2.* Lagoa pyxidifera (J. E. Smith) 1797, Yellow Flannel Moth

Family: LIMACODIDAE (Slug caterpillar moths)

1.* Apoda biguttata (Packard) 1864
2. Euclea delphinii (Boisduval) 1832, Spiny Oak Slug Moth
3. Lithacodes fasciola (Herrick-Schaffer) 1854
4.* Natada nasoni (Grote) 1876, Nason's Slug Moth
5. Parasa chloris (Hemch-Schaffer) 1854, Small Parasa
6. Prolimacodes badia (Hubner) 1822, Skiff Moth
7. Sibine stimulea (Clemens) 1860, Saddleback Caterpillar Moth
8. Tortricidia flexuosa (Grote) 1880
9.* Tortricidia testacea Packard 1864

Family: EPIPYROPIDAE (Planthopper parasites)

Superfamily: PYRALOIDEA

Family: PYRALIDAE (Snout moths, grass moths)

Subfamily: SCOPARIINAE

1. Scoparia biplagialis Walker 1866

Subfamily: PYRAUSTINAE

1.* Achyra rantalis (Guenee) 1854, Garden Webworm Moth
2.* Anania sp.
3.* Blepharomastix ranalis (Guenee) 1854,
4.* Crocidophora tuberculalis Lederer 1863
5. Desmia funeralis (Hubner) 1796, Grape Leaffolder Moth
6. Herpetogramma thestealis (Walker) 1859
7.* Hymenia perspectalis (Hubner) 1796, Spotted Beet Webworm Moth
8. Nomophila nearctica Munroe 1973
9.* Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner 1796), European Corn Borer Moth
10. Palpita magniferalis (Walker) 1861
11. Pantographa limata (Grote and Robinson) 1867, Basswood Leafroller Moth
12. Phylctaenia coronata tertialis (Guenee) 1854
13.* Phlyctaenia leuschneri Munroe 1976,
14.* Pilocrocis ramentalis Lederer 1863,
15.* Polygrammodes flavidalis (Guenee) 1854
16. Pyrausta acrionalis (Walker) 1859
17. Pyrausta bicoloralis (Guenee) 1854
18.* Pyrausta homonymalis Munroe 1976
19.* Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius) 1794, Hawaiian Beet Webworm Moth
20.* Udea rubigalis (Guenee) 1854, Celery Leaftier Moth

Subfamily: CRAMBINAE

1.* Agriphila vulgivagella (Clemens) 1860, Vagabond Crambus
2.* Crambus agitatellus Clemens 1860
3.* Crambus laqueatellus Clemens 1860
4. Urola nivalis (Drury) 1773

Subfamily: PYRALINAE

1. Herculia infimbrialis Dyar 1910
2. Herculia olinalis (Guenee) 1854

Subfamily: CHRYSAUGINAE

1.* Condylolomia participalis Grote 1873
2.* Galasa nigridonis (Zeller) 1873
3.* Tosale oviplagalis (Walker) 1866

Subfamily: PHYCITINAE

1.* Acrobasis sp.
2. Euzophora ostricolorella Hulst 1890, Root Collar Borer
3.* Dioryaria amatella (Hulst) 1887

Subfamily: PEORIINAE

1.* Peoria approximella (Walker 1866)

Family: THYRIDIDAE (Window-winged moths)

1. Thyris sepuchralis Guerin-Menneville 1832, Mournful Thyris

Superfamily: DREPANOIDEA

Family: THYATIRIDAE (Thyatirid moths)

Subfamily: THYARIRINAE

1. Euthyatira pudens (Guenee) 1852, Dogwood Thyatirid
2. Habrosyne scripta (Gosse) 1840, Lettered Habrosyne
3.* Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides (Guenee) 1852, Tufted Thyatirid

Family: DREPANIDAE (Hook-tip moths)

Subfamily: DREPANINAE

1. Drepana arcuata Walker 1855, Arched Hooktip

Subfamily: ORETINAE

1.* Oreta rosea (Walker) 1855, Rose Hooktip

Superfamily: GEOMETROIDEA

Family: GEOMETRIDAE (Measuringworms, cankerworms, geometers, loopers)

Subfamily: ENNOMINAE

1.* Anacamptodes defectaria (Guenee) 1857, Brown-Shaded Gray
2.* Anacamptodes ephyraria (Walker) 1860, Pale-Winged Gray
3.* Anacamptodes vellivolata (Hulst) 1881, Long Purplish Gray
4. Anagoga occiduaria (Walker) 1861, American Barred Umber
5. Antepione thisoaria (Guenee) 1857, Variable Antepione
6.* Besma endropfaria (Grote and Robinson) 1867, Straw Besma
7. Besma auecivoraria (Guenee) 1857, Oak Besma
8. Biston betularia cognataria (Guenee) 1857, Black and White Geometer
9.* Cabera erythemaria Guenee 1857, Yellow Dusted Cream Moth
10.* Cabera variolaria Guenee 1857, Pink-Striped Willow Spanworm Moth
11. Campaea perlata (Guenee) 1857, Pale Beauty
12. Caripeta aretaria (Walker) 1860, Southern Pine Looper Moth
13. Caripeta divisata Walker 1863, Gray Spruce Looper Moth
14. Cepphis armataria (Herrick and Schaffer) 1855, Scallop Moth
15. Ectropis crepuscularia Denis and Schiffermuller 1775, The Small Engrailed
16. Ennomos magnaria Guenee 1857, Maple Spanworm Moth
17. Ennomos subsignaria (Hubner) 1823, Elm Spanworm Moth
18. Epimecis hortaria (Fabricius) 1794, Tulip-Tree Beauty
19.* Erannis tiliaria (Harris) 1841, Linden Looper Moth
20. Eufidonia notataria (Walker) 1860, Powder Moth
21. Eugonobapta nivosaria (Guenee) 1857, Snowy Geometer
22. Euchlaena amoenaria (Guenee) 1857, Deep Yellow Euchlaena
23.* Euchlaena irraria (Barnes and McDunnough) 1917, Least-Marked Euchlaena
24.* Euchlaena obtusaria (Hubner) 1809-1813, Obtuse Euchlaena
25.* Euchlaena pectinaria (Denis & Schiffermuller) 1775, Forked Euchlaena
26.* Euchlaena serrata (Drury) 1770, The Saw-Wing
27.* Euchlaena tigrinaria (Guenee) 1857, Mottled Euchlaena
28.* Eusarca confusaria Hubner 1813, Confused Eusarca
29. Eutrapela clemataria (J. E. Smith) 1797, Curved-Toothed Geometer
30.* Exelis pyrolaria Guenee 1857, Fine-Lined Gray
31.* Glena cribrataria (Guenee) 1857, Dotted Gray
32. Heliomata cycladata Grote and Robinson 1866, Common Spring Moth
33.* Hypagyrtis esther (Barnes) 1928, Esther Moth
34.* Hypagyrtis piniata (Packard) 1870, Pine Measuringworm Moth
35. Hypagyr:is unipuncta (Haworth) 1809, One-Spotted Variant
36. Iridopsis larvaria (Guenee) 1857, Bent-Line Gray
37.* Itame pustularia (Guenee) 1857, Lesser Maple Spanworm Moth
38. Lambdina fervidaria athasaria (Walker) 1860, Curve-Lined Looper Moth
39. LamWina fiscellaria (Guenee) 1857, Hemlock Looper Moth
40.* Lambdina pellucidaria (Grote and Robinson) 1867, Yellow-Headed Looper Moth
41.* Lomographa glomeraria (Grote) 1881, Gray Spring Moth
42.* Lomographa vestaliata (Guenee) 1857, White Spring Moth
43. Lytrosis unitaria (Herrich-Schaffer) 1854, Common Lytrosis
44.* Melanolophia canadaria crama Rindge 1964, Canadian Melanolophia
45. Melanolophia signataria (Walker) 1860, Signate Melanolophia
46.* Metarranthis angularia Barnes and McDunnough 1917, Angled Metarranthis
47.* Metarranthis duaria (Guenee) 1857, Ruddy Metarranthis
48.* Metarranthis homuraria Grote and Robinson 1868, Purplish Metarranthis
49.* Metarranthis hypochraria(Herrick-Schaffer) 1854, Common Metarranthis
50.* Metarranthis obfirmaria (Hubner) 1823, Yellow-Washed Metarranthis
51.* Nematocampa limbata (Haworth) 1809, Homed Spanworm Moth
52.* Nepytia canosaria (Walker) 1863, False Hemlock Looper Moth
53.* Nepytia pellucidaria (Packard) 1873, Pellucid Looper
54.* Nepytia semiclusaria (Walker) 1863, Southern Nepytia
55.* Pero honestaria (Walker) 1860, Honest Pero
56. Pero hubneraria (Geunee) 1857, Hubner's Pero
57.* Phigalia denticulata Hulst 1900, Toothed Phigalia
58.* Phigalia strigataria (Minot) 1869, Small Phigalia
59.* Phigalia titea (Cramer) 1782, The Half-Wing
60. Plagodis alcoolaria (Guenee) 1857, Hollow-Spotted Plagodis
61. Plagodis fervidaria (Herrich-Schaffer) 1854, Fervid Plagodis
62. Plagodis kuetzingi (Grote) 1876, Purple Plagodis
63.* Plagodis phlogosaria (Guenee) 1857, Straight-Lined Plagodis
64.* Plagodis serinaria Herrich-Schaffer 1855, Lemon Plagodis
65. Probole alienaria Herrich-Schaffer 1855, Dogwood Probole
66. Probole amicaria (Herrich-Schaffer) 1855, Friendly Probole
67.* Probole nepiasaria (Walker) 1860, Heath Probole
68. Prochoerodes transversata (Drury) 1770, Large Maple Spanworm Moth
69. Protoboarmia porcelaria (Guenee) 1857, Porcelain Gray
70.* Selenia kentaria (Grote and Robinson) 1867, Kent's Geometer
71.* Semiothisa aequiferaria (Walker) 1861, Woody Angle
72. Semiothisa aemulataria (Walker) 1861, Common Angle
73.* Semiothisa bicolorata (Fabricius 1798), Bicolored Angle
74. Semiothisa bisignata (Walker) 1866, Red-Headed Inchworm Moth
75. Semiothisa fissinotata (Walker) 1863, Hemlock Angle
76. Semiothisa granitata (Guenee) 1857, Granite Moth
77. Semiothisa minorata (Packard 1873), Minor Angle
78. Semiothisa ocellinata (Guenee) 1857, Faint Spotted Angle
79. Semiothisa pinistrobata Ferguson 1972, White Pine Angle
80. Semiothisa promiscuata Ferguson 1974, Promiscuous Angle
81. Semiothisa signaria dispuncta (Walker) 1860, Pale-Marked Angle
82. Semiothisa quadrinotaria (Herrich-Schaffer) 1855, Four-Spotted Angle
83.* Semiothisa sp.
84.* Semiothisa transitaria (Walker) 1861, Blurry Chocolate Angle
85.* Sicya macularia (Harris) 1830, Sharp-lined Yellow
86.* Tetracis cachexiata Guenee 1857, White Slant-Line
87. Tetracis crocallata Guenee 1857, Yellow Slant-Line
88.* Tornos scolopacinarius (Guenee) 1857, Dimorphic Gray
89.* Xanthotype sospeta (Drury) 1773, Crocus Geometer
90. Xanthotype urticaria Swett 1918, False Crocus Geometer

Subfamily: GEOMETRINAE

1. Dichorda iridaria (Guenee) 1857, Showy Emerald
2.* Hethemia pis~asciaria (Guenee) 1857, Pistachio Emerald
3. Nernoria bistriaria Hubner 1818
4.* Nemoria lixaria (Guenee) 1857, Red-Bordered Emerald
5.* Nemoria mimosaria (Guenee 1857)
6.* Nemoria rubrifrontaria (Packard) 1873, Red-Fronted Emerald
7.* Nemoria saturiba Ferguson 1969

Subfamily: STERRHINAE

1.* Cyclophora pendulinaria (Guenee) 1857, Sweetfern Geometer
2.* Idaea obfusaria (Walker) 1861, Rippled Wave
3.* Scopula junctaria quinguelinearia (Packard) 1871, Five-Lined Geometer
(Simple Wave)
4. Scopula limboundata (Haworth) 1809, Large Lace-Border

Subfamily: LARENTIINAE

1.* Acasis viridata (Packard) 1873, Olive-and-Black Carpet
2.* Cladara anguilineata (Grote and Robinson) 1867, Angle-Lined Carpet
3.* Cladara atroliturata (Walker) 1863, The Scribbler
4.* Cladara limitaria (Walker) 1860, Mottled Gray Carpet
5.* Dyspteris abortivaria (Herrich-Schaffer) 1855, The Bad Wing
6.* Dysstroma hersiliata (Guenee) 1857, Orange-barred Carpet Moth
7.* Dysstroma truncata (Hufnagel) 1767, Marbled Carpet
8.* Ecliptopera atricolorata (Grote and Robinson) 1867, Dark-Banded Geometer
9. Eubaphe mendica (Walker) 1854, The Beggar
10. Eulithis diversilineata (Hubner) 1813, Lesser Grapevine Borer Moth
11. Euphyia unangulata intermedia (Guenee) 1857, The Sharp-Angled Carpet
12.* Euphyia sp.
13.* Eupithecia herefordaria Cassino and Swett 1923, Hereford's Eupithecia
14.* Eupithecia miserulata Grote 1863, Common Eupithecia
15.* Heterophleps refusaria (Walker) 1861, Three-Patched Bigwing
16. Horismse intestinata (Guenee) 1857, Brown Bark Carpet
17. Hydrelia albifera (Walker) 1866, Fragile White Carpet
18.* Hydrelia inornata (Hulst 1896) Unadomed Carpet
19. Hydria prunivorata (Ferguson) 1955, Ferguson's Scallop Shell
20.* Hydriomena divisaria (Walker) 1860, Black-Dashed Hydriomena
21.* Hydriomena pluviata meridianata McDunnough 1954, Sharp Green Hydriomena
22.* Hydriomena renunciata (Walker) 1862, Renounced Hydriomena
23.* Hydriomena sp.
24.* Mesoleuca inlermediata (Guenee) 1852,
25. Orthonama centrostrigaria (Wollaston) 1858, Bent-Line Carpet
26. Onhonama obstipata (Fabricius) 1794, The Gem
27. Stamnodes gibbocostata (Walker) 1862, Shiny Gray Carpet
28. Trichodezia albovittata (Guenee) 1857, White-Striped Black
29. Venusia cambrica Curtis 1839, The Welsh Wave
30.* Xanthorhoe ferrugata (Clerck) 1759, Red Twin-Spot
31. Xanlhorhoe labradorensis (Packard) 1867, Labrador Carpet
32. Xanthorhoe lacustrata (Guenee) 1857, Brown Toothed Carpet

Superfamily: MIMALLONOIDEA

Family: MIMALLONIDAE (Sack-bearer moths)

1.* Cicinnus melsheimeri (Harris) 1841, Melsheimer's Sack-Bearer

Superfamily: BOMBYCOIDEA

Family: APATELODIDAE (Apatelodid moths)

1. Apatelodes torrefacta (J. E. Smith) 1797, Spotted Apatelodes
2.* Olceclostera angelica (Grote) 1864, The Angel

Family: LASIOCAMPIDAE (Tent caterpillars and lappet moths)

Subfamily: MACROMPHALIINAE

1.* Tolype laricis (Fitch) 1856, Larch Tolype
2.* Tolype notialis Franclemont 1973, Small Tolype
3. Tolype velleda (Stoll) 1791, Large Tolype

Subfamily: GASTROPACHINAE

1. Phyllodesma americana (Harris) 1841, Lappet Moth

Subfamily: LASlOCAMPINAE

1. Malacosoma americanum (Fabricius) 1793, Eastern Tent Caterpillar Moth
2. Malacosoma disstria Hubner 1820, Forest Tent Caterpillar Moth

Family: SATURNIIDAE (Giant silkworm and royal moths)

Subfamily: CITHERONIINAE

1. Anisota stigma (Fabricius) 1775, Spiny Oakworm Moth
2. Citheronia regalis (Fabricius) 1793, Regal Moth
3. Dryocampa rubicunda (Fabricius) 1793, Rosy Maple Moth
4. Eacles imperialis (Drury) 1773, Imperial Moth

Subfamily: HEMILEUCINAE

1. Automeris io (Fabricius) 1775, Io Moth

Subfamily: SATURNIINAE

1. Actias luna (Linneaus) 1758, Luna Moth
2. Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer) 1776, Polyphemus Moth
3. Callosamia angulifera (Walker) 1855, Tulip-Tree Silk Moth
4. Callosamia promethea (Drury) 1773, Promethea Moth, or Spicebush Silkmoth
5. Hyalophora cecropia (Linneaus) 1758, Cecropia Moth, or Robin Moth

Superfamily: SPHINGOIDEA

Family: SPHINGIDAE (Sphinx or hawk moths, hornworms)

Subfamily: SPHINGINAE

1. Ceratomia amnytor (Geyer) 1835, Elm Sphinx
2. Ceratomia undulosa (Walker) 1856, Waved Sphinx
3. Laothoe juglandis (J. E. Smith) 1797, Walnut Sphinx
4. Lapara coniferarum (J. E. Smith) 1797, Pine Sphinx
5. Manduca sexta (Linneaus) 1763, Carolina Sphinx
6. Paonias astylus (Drury) 1773, Huckleberry Sphinx
7. Paonias excaecatus (J. E. Smith) 1797, Blinded Sphinx
8. Paonias myops (J. E. Smith) 1797, Small-Eyed Sphinx
9.* Sphinx franchi Neumoegen, 1893, Franck's Sphinx
10.* Sphinx kalmiae J. E. Smith 1797, Laurel Sphinx

Subfamily: MACROGLOSSINAE

1. Darapsa myron (Cramer) 1780, Hog Sphinx or Virginia Creeper Sphinx
2. Darapsa pholus (Cramer) 1776, Azalea Sphinx
3. Deidamia inscripta (Harris) 1839, Lettered Sphinx
4. Eumorpha pandorus (Hubner) 1821, Pandorus Sphinx
5. Hemaris thysbe (Fabricius) 1775, Hummingbird Clearwing
6. Xylophanes tersa (L.) 1771, Tersa Sphinx

Superfamily: NOCTUOIDEA

Family: NOTODONTIDAE (Prominents)

1.* Clostera inclusa (Hubner) 1829- 1831, Angle-Lined Prominent
2.* Dasylophia angusii (J. E. Smith) 1797, Black-Spotted Prominent
3.* Dasylophia thyatiroides (Walker) 1862, Gray-Patched Prominent
4.* Datana angusii Grote and Robinson 1866, Angus's Datana
5.* Datana contracta Walker 1855, Contracted Datana
6.* Datana drexelii Henry Edwards 1884, Drexel's Datana
7.* Datana integerimma Grote and Robinson 1866, Walnut Caterpillar Moth
8.* Datana major Grote and Robinson 1866, Major Datana
9.* Datana ministra (Drury) 1773, Yellow-Necked Caterpillar Moth
10.* Ellida caniplaga (Walker) 1856, Linden Prominent
11.* Furcula borealis (Guerin-Meneville) 1832, White Furcula
12.* Furcula cinerea (Walker) 1865, Gray Furcula
13. Heterocampa biundata Walka 1855, Wavy-Lined Heterocampa
14. Heterocampa gutnvitta (Walker) 1855, Saddled Prominent or Maple Prominent
15.* Heterocampa obliqua Packard 1864, Oblique Heterocampa
16. Heterocampa umbrata Walker 1855, White-Blotched Heterocampa
17.* Hyperaeschra georgica (Herrick-Schaffer) 1855, Georgian Prominent
18. Lochmaeus bilineata (Packard) 1864, Double-Lined Prominent
19.* Lochmaeus manteo Doubleday 1841, Variable Oakleaf Caterpillar Moth
20. Macrurocampa rnarthesia (Cramer) 1780, Mottled Prominent
21.* Misogada unicolor (Packard) 1864, Drab Prominent
22. Nadata gibbosa (J. E. Smith) 1797, White-Dotted Prominent
23. Oligoncentria lignicolor (Walker) 1855, White-Streaked Prominent
24. Oligoncentria semirufescens (Walker) 1865, Red-Washed Prominent
25. Peridea angulosa (J. E. Smith) 1797, Angulose Prominent
26. Peridea basitriens (Walker) 1855, Oval-Based Prominent
27.* Peridea ferruginea (Packard) 1864, Chocolate Prominent
28.* Schizura ipomoeae Doubleday 1841, Morning-Glory Prominent
29.* Schizura leptinoides (Grote) 1864, Black-Blotched Schizura
30. Symmerista albifrons (J.E. Smith) 1797, White-Headed Prominent

Family: ARCTIIDAE (Tiger moths, footman moths)

Subfamily: LITHOSIINAE

1. Cisthene plumbea Stretch 1885, Lead-Colored Lichen Moth
2. Clemensia albata Packard 1864, Little White Lichen Moth
3.* Crambidia pallida Packard 1864, Pale Lichen Moth
4.* Crambidia cephalica (Grote and Robinson) 1870, Yellow-Headed Lichen Moth
5.* Crambidia lithosioides Dyar 1898, Dark Gray Lichen Moth
6.* Crambidia sp.
7. Hypoprepia fucosa Hubner 1827- 1831, Painted Lichen Moth
8. Hypoprepia miniata (Kirby) 1837, Scarlet-Winged Lichen Moth
9. Lycomorpha pholus (Drury) 1773, Black and Yellow Lichen Moth

Subfamily: ARCTIINAE

1.* Apantesis nais (Drury) 1773, Nais Tiger Moth
2. Apantesis phalerata (Harris) 1841, Harnessed Moth
3. Apantesis vittata (Fabricius) 1787, Banded Tiger Moth
4. Grammia anna (Grote) 1864, Anna Tiger Moth
5. Grammia arge (Drury) 1773, Arge Moth
6. Grammia parthenice (Kirby W.) 1837, Parthenice Tiger Moth
7.* Grarnmia virgo (Linnaeus) 1758, Virgin Tiger Moth
8.* Grarnmia virguncula (Kirby) 1837, Little Virgin Moth
9.* Cycnia tenera Hubner 1818, Delicate Cycnia
10. Ecpantheria scribonia (Stoll) 1790, Giant Leopard Moth
11. Estigmene acrea (Drury) 1773, Salt Marsh Moth
12.* Euchaetes egle (Drury) 1773, Milkweed Tussock Moth
13. Halysidota tessellaris (J. E. Smith) 1797, Banded Tussock Moth
14.* Haploa confusa (Lyman) 1887, Confused Haploa
15. Haploa contigua (Walker) 1855, The Neighbor
16. Haploa lecontei (Guerin-Meneville, F. E.) 1832, LeConte's Haploa
17.* Haploa clymene (Brown) 1776, Clymene Moth
18.* Holomelina aurantiaca (Hubner) 1827-i831, Orange Holomelina
19.* Holomelina nr. feruginosa or lamae (Freeman) 1941, Bog Holomelina
20.* Holomelina opella (Grote) 1863, Tawny Holomelina
21. Hyphantria cunea (Drury) 1773, Fall Webworm Moth
22.* Lophocampa caryae Harris 1841, Hickory Tussock Moth
23.* Lophocampa maculata Harris 1841, Spotted Tussock Moth
24. Pyrrharctia isabella (J. E. Smith) 1797, Isabella Tiger Moth
25. Spilosoma congrua Walker 1855, Agreeable Tiger Moth
26.* Spilosoma latipennis Stretch 1872, Pink-legged Tiger Moth
27.* Spilosoma vagans (Boisduval) 1852, The Wandering Diacrisia
28. Spilosoma virginica (Fabricius) 1798, Virginian Tiger Moth (Yellow Bear Moth)

Subfamily: CTENUCHINAE

1. Cisseps fulvicollis (Hubner) 1818, Yellow-Collared Scape Moth

Family: LYMANTRIIDAE(Tussock moths)

Subfamily: ORGYIINAE

1.* Dasychira basiflava (Packard) 1864, Yellow-Based Tussock Moth
2. Dasychira obliquata (Grote and Robinson) 1866, Streaked Tussock Moth
3.* Dasychira dorsipennata (Barnes and McDunnough) 1919, Sharp-Lined Tussock Moth
4.* Dasychira tephra Hubner 1809, Tephra Tussock Moth
5. Orgyia definita Packard 1864, Definite Tussock Moth
6.* Orgyia leucostigma (J. E. Smith) 1797, White-Marked Tussock Moth

Family: NOCTUIDAE (Noctuids, underwings, cutworms, dagger moths, owlet moths)

Subfamily: HERMINIINAE

1.* Bleptina caradrinalis Guenee 1854, Bent-Winged Owlet
2.* Chytolita morbidalis (Guenee) 1854, Morbid Owlet
3. Idia aemula Hubner 1813, Common Idia
4. Idia americalis (Guenee) 1854, American Idia
5.* Idia diminuendis (Barnes and McDunnough) 1918, Orange-Spotted Idia
6.* Idia scobialis (Grote) 1880, Smoky Idia
7. Palthis angulalis (Hubner) 1796, Dark-Spotted Palthis
8. Palthis asopialis (Guenee) 1854, Faint-Spotted Palthis
9.* Phalaenophana pyramusalis (Walker) 1859, Dark-Banded Owlet
10.* Phalaenostola larentfodes Grote 1873, Black-Banded Owlet
11.* Renia discoloralis Guenee 1854, Discolored Renia
12.* Renia fraternalis Smith 1895, Fraternal Renia
13. Renia nemoralis Barnes and McDunnough 1918, Chocolate Renia
14. Tetanolita mynesalis (Walker) 1859, Smoky Tetanolita
15. Zanclognatha cruralis (Guenee) 1854, Early Zanclognatha
16. Zanclognatha laevigata (Grote) 1872, Variable Zanclognatha
17.* Zanclognatha lituralis (Hubner) 1818, Lettered Zanclognatha
18.* Zanclognatha obscuripennis (Grote) 1872, Wavy-Lined Zanclognatha
19.* Zanclognatha ochreipennis (Grote) 1872, Wavy-Lined Zanclognatha
20. Zanclognatha pedipilalis (Guenee) 1854, Grayish Zanclognatha

Subfamily: RIVULINAE

1.* Colobochyla interpuncta (Grote) 1872, Yellow-Lined Owlet

Subfamily: HYPENODINAE

1. Nigetia formosalis Walker 1866, Thin Winged Owlet

Subfamily: HYPENINAE

1. Bomolocha baltimoralis (Guenee) 1854, Baltimore Bomolocha
2. Bomolocha deceptalis (Walker) 1859, Deceptive Bomolocha
3. Bomolocha edictalis (Walker) 1859, Large Bomolocha
4. Bomolocha madefactalis (Guenee) 1854, Gray-Edged Bomolocha
5. Bomolocha manalis (Walker) 1859, Flowing-Line Bomolocha
6. Bomolocha palparia (Walker) 1861, Mottled Bomolocha
7.* Bomolocha sordidula (Grote) 1872, Sordid Bomolocha
8. Plathypena scabra (Fabricius) 1798, Green Cloverworm moth

Subfamily: CATOCALINAE

1. Allotria elonympha (Hubner) 1818, False Underwing
2.* Anomis erosa Hubner 1821, Yellow Scallop Moth
3. Anticarsia gemmatalis Hubner 1818, Velvetbean Caterpillar Moth
4.* Caenurgia chloropha (Hubner) 1818, Vetch Looper Moth
5. Caenurgina erechtea (Cramer) 1780, Forage Looper Moth
6.* Caenurgina crassiuscula (Haworth) 1809, Clover Looper Moth
7. Catocala amatrix (Hubner) 1809-13, The Sweetheart
8. Catocala amica (Hubner) 1818, Girlfriend Underwing
9.* Catocala andromedae Guenee 1852, Andromeda Underwing
10.* Catocala blandula Hulst 1884, Charming Underwing
11. Catocala cara Guenee 1852, Darling Underwing
12. Catocala cerogama Guenee 1852, Yellow-Banded Underwing
13.* Catocala coccinata Grote 1872, Scarlet Underwing
14.* Catocala connubialis Guenee 1852, Connubial Underwing
15.* Catocala dejecta Strecker 1880, Dejected Underwing
16.* Catocala gracilis Edwards 1864, Graceful Underwing
17. Catocala ilia (Cramer) 1776, Ilia Underwing
18.* Catocala innubens Guenee 1852, The Bethrothed
19.* Catocala micronympha Guenee 1852, Little Nymph
20.* Catocala minuata Edwards 1864, Little Underwing
21.* Catocala mira Wonderful Underwing
22. Catocala nebulosa Edwards 1864, Clouded unaerwlng
23. Catocala neogama (J. E. Smith) 1797, The Bride
24. Catocala palaeogama Guenee 1852, Oldwife Underwing
25. Catocala piatrix Grote 1864, The Penitent
26.* Catocala residua Grote 1874, Residua Underwing
27. Catocala retecta Grote 1872, Yellow-Gray Underwing
28.* Catocala similis (=amasia of J. E. Smith 1797) 1864, Similar Underwing
29.* Catocala sordida Grote 1877, Sordid Underwing
30. Catocala subnata Grote 1864, Youthful Underwing
31.* Catocala ulalume Strecker 1878, Ulalume Underwing
32. Catocala ultronia (Hubner) 1823, Ultronia Underwing
33. Catocala vidua (J. E. Smith) 1797, Widow Underwing
34.* Cissusa spadix (Cramer) 1780, Black-Dotted Brown
35. Euparthenos nubilis (Hubner) 1823, Locust Underwing
36.* Hypsoropha hormos Hubner 1818, Small Necklace Moth
37.* Metalectra richardsi Brower 1941, Richard's Fungus Moth
38.* Mocis latipes (Guenee) 1852, Small Mocis
39.* Mocis texana (Morrison) 1875, Texas Mocis
40. Pangrapta decoralis Hubner 1818, Decorated Owlet
41.* Panopoda carneicosta Guenee 1852, Brown Panopoda
42.* Panopoda rufimargo (Hubner) 1818, Red-Lined Panopoda
43. Parallelia bistriaris Hubner 1818, Maple Looper Moth
44.* Phoberia atomaris Hubner 1818, Common Oak Moth
45.* Ptichodis sp.
46. Scolecocampa liburna (Geyer) 1837, Dead-Wood Borer Moth
47. Scoliopteryx libatrix (Linneaus) 1758, The Herald
48.* Zale aeruginosa (Guenee) 1852, Green-Dusted Zale
49.* Zale bethunei (Smith) 1908, Bethune's Zale
50.* Zale calycanthata (J. E. Smith) 1797, Double-Banded Zale
51.* Zale galbanata (Morrison) 1876, Maple Zale
52.* Zale helata (Smith) 1908, Brown-Spotted Zale
53. Zale lunata edusa (Drury) 1773, Lunate Zale
54.* Zale lunifera (Hubner) 1818, Bold Based Zale
55.* Zale minerea (Guenee) 1852, Colorful Zale
56.* Zale squarnularis (Drury) 1773, Gray-Banded Zale
57.* Zale undularis (Drury) 1773, Black Zale
58.* Zale unilineata (Grote) 1876, One-Lined Zale

Subfamily: PLUSIINAE

1. Agrapha oxygramrna (Geyer) 1832, Sharp-Stigma Looper Moth
2.* Allagrapha aerea (Hubner) 1802-03, Unspotted Looper Moth
3. Anagrapha falcifera (Kirby) 1837, Celery Looper Moth
4. Autographa precationis (Guenee) 1852, Common Looper Moth
5. Chrysanympha formosa (Grote) 1865, Formosa Looper Moth
6. Eosphoropteryx thyatyroides (Guenee) 1852, Pink-Patched Looper Moth
7.* Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) 1858, Soybean Looper Moth
8.* Syngrapha rectangula (Kirby) 1837, Salt-and-Pepper Looper Moth

Subfamily: EUTELIINAE

1.* Marathyssa basalis Walker 1865, Light Marathyssa
2. Paectes abrostoloides (Guenee) 1852, Large Paectes
3.* Paectes pygrnaea Hubner 1818, Pygmy Paectes

Subfamily: SARROTHRIPINAE

1.* Baileya australis (Grote 1881), Small Baileya
2.* Baileya dormitans (Guenee) 1852, Sleeping Baileya
3.* Baileya levitans (Smith) 1906, Pale Baileya
4.* Baileya ophthalmica (Guenee) 1852, Eyed Baileya

Subfamily: NOLINAE

1.* Meganola miniscula (Zeller) 1872, Confused Meganola

Subfamily: ACONTIINAE

1.* Cerma cerintha (Treitschke) 1826, Tufted Bird-Dropping Moth
2. Leuconycla diphteroides (Guenee) 1852, Green
3.* Leuconycta lepidula (Grote) 1874, Marbled-Green Jaspidia
4. Lithacodia carneola (Guenee) 1852, Pink-barred Lithacodia
5. Lithacodia muscosula (Guenee) 1852, Large Mossy Lithacodia
6.* Lithacodia synochitis (Grote and Robinson) 1868, Black-Dotted Lithacodia
7. Spragueia leo (Guenee) 1852, Common Spragueia
8.* Tarachidia erastrioides (Guenee) 1852, Small Bird-Dropping Moth
9. Thioptera nigrofimbria (Guenee) 1852, Black-Bordered Lemon Moth

Subfamily: PANTHEINAE

1.* Charadra deridens (Guenee) 1852, The Laugher
2. Colocasia propinquilinea (Grote) 1873, Closebanded Yellowhorn
3. Panthea furcilla (Packard) 1864, Eastern Panthea

Subfamily: ACRONICTINAE

1.* Acronicta afflicta Grote 1864, Afflicted Dagger Moth
2. Acronicta americana (Harris) 1841, American Dagger Moth
3.* Acroniaa exilis Grote 1874, Exiled Dagger Moth
4. Acronicta fragilis (Guenee) 1852, Fragile Dagger Moth
5. Acronicta haesitata (Grote) 1882, Hesitant Dagger Moth
6.* Acronicta hasta Guenee 1852, Speared Dagger Moth
7. Acronicta impleta Walker 1856, Yellow-Haired Dagger Moth
8.* Acronicta laetifica J.B.Smith 1897, Pleasant Dagger Moth
9. Acronicta lobeliae Guenee 1852, Lobelia Dagger Moth
10.* Acronicta impressa Walker 1856, The Printed Dagger
11.* Acronicta inclara Smith 1900, Unclear Dagger Moth
12.* Acronicta increta Morrison 1874
13.* Acronicta innotata Guenee 1852, Unmarked Dagger Moth
14.* Acronicta interrupta Guenee 1852, Interrupted Dagger Moth
15.* Acronicta modica Walker 1856, Medium Dagger Moth
16. Acronicta morula Grote and Robinson 1868, Ochre Dagger Moth
17. Acronicta ovata Grote 1873, Ovate Dagger Moth
18. Acronicta retardata (Walker) 1861, Retarded Dagger Moth
19.* Acronicta rubricoma Guenee 1852, Ruddy Dagger Moth
20.* Acronicta sp.
21.* Acronicta spinigera Guenee 1852, Nondescript Dagger Moth
22.* Acronicta superans Guenee 1852, Splendid Dagger Moth
23.* Acronicta vinnula (Grote) 1864, Delightful Dagger Moth
24.* Agriopodes teratophora (Herrich-Schaffer) 1854, The Gray Marvel
25. Polygrammate hebraeicum Hubner 1818, The Hebrew

Subfamily: AGARISTINAE

1. Alypia octomaculata (Fabricius) 1775, Eight-Spotted Forester
2. Eudryas grata (Fabricius) 1793, Beautiful Wood-Nymph
3. Psychomorpha epimenis (Drury) 1782, Grapevine Epimenis

Subfamily: AMPHIPYRINAE

1.* Agroperina dubitans (Walker) 1856, Doubtful Agroperina
2.* Agropeffna helva (Grote) 1875, Yellow Three-Spot
3. Amphipoea americana (Speyer) 1875, American Ear Moth
4.* Amphipoea velata (Walker) 1865, Veiled Ear Moth
5. Amphipyra pyramidoides Guenee 1852, Copper Underwing
6. Anorthodes tarda (Guenee) 1852, The Slowpoke
7.* Archanara oblonga (Grote) 1882, Oblong Sedge Borer Moth
8. Basilodes pepita Guenee 1852, Gold Moth
9.* Balsa labecula (Grote) 1880, White-Blotched Balsa
10.* Callopistria mollissima (Guenee) 1852, Pink-Shaded Fern Moth
11.* Cirrophanus triangulifer Grote 1872, Goldenrod Stowaway
12.* Chytonix palliatricula (Guenee) 1852, Cloaked Marvel
13.* Elaphria festiwides (Guenee) 1852, Festive Midget
14.* Elaphria grata Hubner 1818, Grateful Midget
15.* Elaphria versicolor (Grote) 1875, Variegated Midget
16. Euplexia benesimilis McDunnough 1922, American Angle Shades
17. Galgula partita Guenee 1852, The Wedgeling
18.* Hyppa xylinoides (Guenee) 1852, Common Hyppa
19. Magusa orbifera (Walker) 1857, Orbed Narrow-Wing
20.* Meropleon diversicolor (Morrison) 1874
21. Nedra ramosula (Guenee) 1852, Gray Half-Spot
22. Ogdoconta cinereola (Guenee) 1852, Common Pinkban
23.* Oligia illocata (Walker) 1857, Wandering Brocade
24.* Oligia modica (Guenee) 1852, Black-Banded Brocade
25.* Oligia sp.
26.* Papaipema arctivorens Hampson 1910, Northern Burdock Borer Moth
27. Papaipema cataphracta (Grote) 1864, Burdock Borer Moth
28. Papaipema cerussata (Grote) 1864, Ironweed Borer Moth
29.* Papaipema marginidens (Guenee) 1852
30.* Papaipema pterisii Bird 1907, Bracken Borer Moth
31.* Perigea xanthioides Guenee 1852, Red Groundling
32.* Phlogophora iris Guenee 1852, Olive Angle Shades
33. Phlogophora periculosa Guenee 1852, Brown Angle Shades
34.* Phosphila miselioides (Guenee) 1852, Spotted Phosphila
35.* Platyperigea multifera (Walker) 1857, Speckled Rustic
36.* Platysenta sutor (Guenee) The Cobbler
37. Platysenta vecors (Guenee) 1852, Dusky Grounling
38.* Platysenta videns (Guenee) 1852, White-Dotted Groundling
39.* Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) 1797, Fall Armyworm Moth
40. Spodoptera ornithogalli (Guenee) 1852, Yellow Stnped Armyworm Moth

Subfamily: CUCULLIINAE

1. Anathix ralla (Grote and Robinson) 1868, Dotted Sallow
2.* Adita chionanthi (J. E. Smith) 1797, Fringe-Tree Sallow
3.* Chaetaglaea sericea (Morrison) 1874, Silky Sallow
4. Copipanolis styracis (Guenee) 1852, Fawn Sallow
5.* Copivaleria grotei (Morrison) 1874, Grote's Sallow
6.* Epiglaea decliva (Grote) 1874, Sloping Sallow
7. Eucirroedia pampina (Guenee) 1852, Scalloped Sallow
8.* Eupsilia morrisoni (Grote) 1874, Morrison's Sallow
9.* Eupsilia vinulenta (Grote) 1864, Straight-Toothed Sallow
10.* Eutolype electilis (Morrison) 1875, Chosen Sallow
11.* Eutolype grandis Smith 1898, Gray Sallow
12.* Eutolype rolandi Grote 1874, Roland's Sallow
13. Feralia comstocki (Grote) 1874, Comstock's Sallow
14.* Feralia major Smith 1890, Major Sallow
15.* Feralia jocosa (Guenee) 1852, Jocose Sallow
16.* Homohadena sp.
17.* Lithophane antennata (Walker) 1858, Ashen Pinion
18.* Lithophane baileyi Grote 1877, Bailey's Pinion
19.* Lithophane grotei Riley 1882, Grote's Pinion
20. Lithophane petulca Grote 1874, Wanton Pinion
21.* Lithophane querqera Grote 1874, Shivering Pinion
22.* Metaxaglaea inulta (Grote) 1874, Unsated Sallow
23. Metaxaglaea semitaria Franclemont 1968, Footpath Sallow
24.* Psaphida resumens Walker 1865, Figure-Eight Sallow
25.* Psaphida thaxteriana (Grote) 1874, Thaxta's Pinion
26.* Pyreferra hesperidago (Guenee) 1852, Mustard Sallow
27. Sunira bicolorago (Guenee) 1852, Bicolored Sallow
28.* Xylotype capax (Grote) 1868, Broad Sallow
29.* Xystopeplus rufago (Hubner) 1818, Red-Winged Sallow

Subfamily: HADENINAE

1.* Achatia distincta Hubner, 1813 Distinct Quaker
2.* Crocigrapha normani (Grote) 1874, Norman's Quaker
3.* Egira alternata (Walker) 1857, Alternate Woodling
4.* Himella intractata (Morrison) 1874, Intractable Quaker
5.* Lacanobia legitima (Grote) 1864, Striped Garden Caterpillar Moth
6. Lacinopolia implicata McDunnough 1937, Implicit Arches
7.* Lacinopolia lorea (Guenee) 1852, Bridled Arches
8. Lacinopolia olivacea (Morrison) 1874, Olive Arches
9. Lacinopolia renigera (Stephens) 1829, Bristly Cutworm Moth
10.* Lacinopolia meditata (Grote) 1873,The Thinker
11.* Leucania enermis (W.T.M. Forbes) 1936, Unarmed Wainscot
12. Leucania multilinea Walker 1856, Many Lined Wainscot
13.* Leucania scirpicola Guenee 1852, Scirpus Wainscot
14.* Leucania pseudargyria Guenee 1852, False Wainscot
15. Leucania sp.
16.* Melanchra adjuncta (Guenee) 1852, Hitched Arches
17.* Morrisonia confusa (Hubner) 1827- 1831, Confused Woodgrain
18.* Morrisonia evicta (Grote) 1873, Bicolored Woodgrain
19.* Nephelodes minians Guenee 1852, Bronzed Cutworm Moth
20. Orthodes crenulata (Butler) 1890, Rustic Quaker
21.* Orthodes cynica Guenee 1852, Cynical Quaker
22.* Orthosia alurina (Smith) 1902, Gray Quaker
23.* Orthosia garrnani (Grote) 1879, Garman's Quaker
24.* Orthosia hibisci (Guenee) 1852, Speckled Green Fruitworm Moth
25.* Orthosia revicta (Morrison) 1876, Subdued Quaker
26.* Orthosia rubescens (Walker) 1865, Ruby Quaker
27.* Polia delracta (Walker) 1857, Disparaged Arches
28.* Polia imbrifera (Guenee), 1852, Cloudy Arches
29.* Polia latex (Guenee) 1852, Fluid Arches
30.* Polia nimbosa (Guenee) 1852, Stormy Arches
31.* Polia sp.
32. Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth) 1809, Armyworm Moth
33. Pseudorthodes vecors (Guenee) 1852, Small Brown Quaker
34. Tricholita signata (Walker) 1860, Signate Quaker
35.* Ulolonche culea (Guenee) 1852, Sheathed Quake

Subfamily: NOCTUINAE

1.* Abagrotis alternata (Grote) 1864, Greater Red Dart
2. Agrotis gladiaria Morrison 1874, Swordsman Dart
3. Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) 1766, Ipsilon Dart
4. Agrotis sublerranea (Fabricius) 1794, Subterranean Dart
5. Agrotis venerabilis Walker 1857, Venerable Dart
6.* Agrotis volubilis Harvey 1874, Voluble Dart
7.* Anaplectoides brunneomeclia McDunnough 1946, Brown-Lined Dart
8.* Anaplectoides prasina (Denis and Schiffermuller) 1775, Green Arches
9.* Anaplectoides pressus (Grote) 1874, Dappled Dart
10.* Anicla infecta (Ochsenheimer) 1816, Green Cutworm Moth
11. Anomogyna badicollis (Grote) 1873, Northern Variable Dart
12. Anomogyna dilucida (Morrison) 1875, Dull Reddish Dart
13. Anomogyna elimata (Guenee) 1852, Southern Variable Dart
14.* Cerastis tenebrifera (Walker) 1865, Reddish Speckled Dart
15. Choephora fungorum Grote and Robinson 1868, Bent-Line Dart
16.* Diarsia jucunda (Walker) 1857, Smaller Pinkish Dart
17.* Eueretagrotis perattenta (Grote) 1876, Two Spot Dart
18.* Euxoa sp.
19.* Euxoa immixta (Grote) 1881, Mixed Dart
20.* Euxoa scandens (Riley) 1869
21. Feltia herilis (Grote) 1873, Master's Dart
22.* Feltia jaculifela (Guenee) 1852, Dingy Cutworm Moth
23. Feltia subgothica (Haworth) 1809, Subgothic Dart
24.* Feltia sp.
25.* Ochropleura plecta (Linneaus) 1761, Flame Shouldered Dart
26.* Peridroma saucia (Hubner) 1803-1808, Variegated Cutworm Moth
27.* Protolampra brunneicollis (Grote) 1865, Brown-Collared Dart
28.* Rhynchagrotis anchocelioides (Guenee) 1852
29.* Rhynchagrotis cupida (Grote) 1865
30.* Spaelotis clandestina (Harris) 1862, Clandestine Dart
31. Xestia hadinodis (Grote) 1874. Pale-Banded Dart
32. Xestia hicarnea (Guenee) 1852, Pinl;-Spotted Dart
33.* Xestia collaris (Grote and Robinson) 1868. Collared Dart
34. Xestia dolosa Franclemont 1980, Greater Black-Letter Dart
35. Xestia normaniana (Grote) 1874, Norman's Dart
36. Xestia smithii (Snellen) 1896, Smith's Dart

Subfamily: HELIOTHINAE

1. Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) 1777, Tobacco Budworm Moth
2. Heliothis zea (Boddie) 1850, Corn Earworm Moth
3.* Pyrrhia exprimens (Walker) 1857, Purple-Lined Sallow
4.* Pyrrhia umbra (Hufnagel) 1766, Bordered Sallow
5.* Schinia arcigera (Guenee) 1852, Arcigera Flower Moth
6.* Schinia trifascia Hubner 1818, Three-Lined Flower Moth
7.* Schinia sp.

UNASSOCIATED GENERA

1.* Cosmia calami (Harvey) 1876, American Dun-Bar

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