This checklist was provided by:

Great Smoky Mountains Natural History Association
115 Park Headquarters Road
Gatlinburg, TN 37738
Telephone: (423) 436-7318

Send observations of unusual flora to:

Inventory and Monitoring Office
Great Smoky Mountains National Park
1314 Cherokee Orchard Road
Gatlinburg, TN 37738

Remember, collection of plant material requires a permit which is usually granted for research or educational purposes. Sketching or photography are the preferable ways to document a plant's occurrence.

Range

lo = Low elevations-850'-2,500'
mid = Middle elevations-2,500'~4,500'
hi = High elevations-4,500'-6,600'
wr = Wide range of elevations
hs =Found near old homesites

unk = Status unknown
*Non-native species

Scientific name Common name Abundance,Range Acoraceae *Acorus calamus Sweet-flag r, hs Agavaceae Yucca filamentosa Adam's-needle o, lo Alismataceae Alisma subcordatum Water-plantain r, lo Sagittaria latifolia var. pubescens Broad-leaved arrowhead r, lo Araceae Arisaema dracontium Green dragon r, lo Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit c, wr Peltandra virginica Arrow arum h, lo Commelinaceae *Commelina communis Common dayflower o, lo Commelina diffusa Dayflower o, lo Commelina erecta Erect Dayflower r, lo Commelina virginica Virginia dayflower r, lo *Murdannia keisak Aneilema s, lo Tradescantia ohiensis Ohio spiderwort r, lo Tradescantia subaspera var. montana Mountain spiderwort f, lo-mid Tradescantia subaspera var. subaspera Spiderwort h, lo-mid Tradescantia virginiana Virginia spiderwort r, lo Cyperaceae Bulbostylis capillaris Bulbostylis r, lo Carex abscondita Thicket sedge unk Carex aestivalis Summer sedge f, mid-hi Carex albicans var. albicans Sedge o, mid-hi Carex albicans var. australis Sedge r, mid Carex albicans var. emmonsii Sedge unk Carex albolutescens Light-colored sedge r, lo Carex albursina Sedge r, lo Carex amphibola var. rigida Rigid sedge s, lo-mid Carex amphibola var. turgida Turgid sedge s, lo Carex annectens Sedge r, lo Carex atlantica ssp. atlantica Sedge s, lo Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea Howe's sedge r, lo Carex austrocaroliniana South Carolina sedge o, lo Carex baileyi Bailey's sedge r, lo Carex blanda Sedge o, lo-mid Carex bromoides Sedge f, wr Carex brunnescens ssp. sphaerostachya Few flowered sedge c, hi Carex caroliniana Carolina sedge r, lo Carex cephalophora Sedge s, lo Carex cherokeensis Cherokee sedge o, lo Carex communis Common sedge c, mid-hi Carex crinita var. crinita Drooping sedge f, wr Carex cristatella Seddge r, hi Carex debilis var. interjecta Necklace sedge c, hi Carex debilis var. pubera Hairy necklace sedge s, mid Carex debilis var. rudgei Necklace sedge c, mid-hi Carex digitalis Sedge f, lo-mid Carex eburnea Black-fruited sedge r, lo Carex frankiii Frank's sedge o, lo-mid Carex gracillima Graceful sedge r, hi Carex granularis Granular sedge r, lo Carex grayi Gray's sedge r, mid Carex gynandra Drooping sedge f, hi Carex hirsutella Hirsute sedge r, lo-mid Carex intumescens Intumescent sedge c, wr Carex jamesii James' sedge r, lo Carex laevivaginata Sedge s, mid Carex laxiculmis Sedge s, lo Carex laxiflora Broad-leaved sedge f, lo-mid Carex leavenworthii Sedge r, lo Carex leptalea Sedge r, lo Carex leptonervia Nerved sedge f, mid-hi Carex louisianica Louisiana sedge s, lo Carex lucorum var. lucorum Long-beaked sedge c, mid-hi Carex lupulina Larger hop sedge i, lo Carex lurida Smaller hop sedge o, wr Carex misera Miserable sedge s, hi Carex nigromarginata Black-margined sedge s, lo Carex normalis Sedge f, mid-hi Carex oligocarpa Sedge r, lo Carex pedunculata Peduncled sedge r, lo Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge c, mid-hi Carex plantaginea Plantain-leaved sedge f, wr Carex platyphylla Glaucous broad-leaved sedge r, lo Carex prasina Drooping sedge s, lo Carex projecta Sedge i, hi Carex purpurifera Purple-based sedge o, lo-mid Carex radiata Radiate sedge o, lo-mid Carex rosea Roseate sedge o, lo-mid Carex ruthii Ruth's sedge o, hi Carex scabrata Rough sedge f, wr Carex scoparia Sedge o, wr Carex sparganioides Sedge r, lo Carex squarrosa Round-headed sedge o, lo-mid Carex stipata Stipate sedge o, wr Carex styloflexa Sedge o, lo Carex swanii Swan's sedge f, lo-mid Carex texensis Texas sedge s, lo Carex torta Twisted sedrex stipata Stipate sedge o, wr Carex styloflexa Sedge o, lo Carex swanii Swan's sedge f, lo-mid Carex texensis Texas sedge s, lo Carex torta Twisted sedo Carex swanii Swan's sedge f, lo-mid Carex texensis Texas sedge s, lo Carex torta Twisted sedge f, lo-mid Carex tribuloides Sedge f, wr Carex trisperma Three-seeded sedge s, wr Carex umbellata Umbel sedge r, lo Carex virescens Sedge o, lo-mid Carex vulpinoidea Fox sedge f, lo-mid Cymophyllus fraserianus Fraser's sedge o, lo-mid Cyperus croceus Round-headed umbrella sedge o, lo Cyperus flavescens var. poaeformis Umbrella-sedge i, lo Cyperus lancastriensis Umbrella-sedge r, lo Cyperus ovularis Nutgrass r, lo Cyperus polystachyos var. texensis Umbrella-sedge f, lo Cyperus retrofractus Sparce-flowered umbrella-sedge r, lo Cyperus retrorsus Umbrella-sedge o, lo Cyperus rivularis Riverside umbrella-sedge i, lo Cyperus setigerus Thin-fruited umbrella sedge o, lo Cyperus strigosus Umbrella-sedge f, lo Dulichium arundinaceum Three-way sedgeeee s, lo Eleocharis acicularis Needle sedge r, lo Eleocharis obtusa Spike-rush o, lo-mid Eleocharis palustris Spike-rush r, lo Eleocharis tenuis Spike-rush r, lo Fimbristylis autumnalis Autumn fimbristylis s, lo Kyllinga brevifolioides Short-foliaged umbrella-sedge r, lo Kyllinga pumila Annual umbrella-sedge i, lo Rhynchospora capitellata Beak-rush o, lo Scirpus atrovirens Bulrush s, lo Scirpus cespitosus Deerhair bulrush r hi Scirpus cyperinus Bulrush o, lo Scirpus lineatus Lined bulrush s, lo Scirpus polyphyllus Many-leaved bulrush o, lo Scirpus purshianus Bulrush unk Scirpus tabernaemontani Great bulrush s, lo-mid Scleria oligantha Nut-rush r, lo Scleria pauciflora Small-flowered nut-rush o, lo-mid Scleria triglomerata Nut-rush f, lo-mid Dioscoreaceae *Dioscorea oppositifolia Chinese yam o, lo Dioscorea quaternata Wild yam c, lo-mid Iridaceae *Belamcanda chinensis Blackberry lily r, lo *Gladiolus X gandavensis Gladiolus r, hs Iris cristata Crested dwarf iris f, lo-mid *Iris laevigata Garden iris r, hs *Iris pseudacorus Yellow European iris r, lo Iris verna var. smalliana Spring dwarf iris s, lo Iris virginica var. shrevei Blue flag r, lo Sisyrinchium angustifolium Blue-eyed grass i, lo Sisyrinchium atlanticum Atlantic blue-eyed grass o, lo Sisyrinchium mucronatum Blue-eyed grass i, lo Juncaceae Juncus acuminatus Acuminate rush f, wr Juncus biflorus Two-flowered rush r, lo Juncus brevicaudatus Short-caudate rush r, hi Juncus candadensis Canada rush s, lo Juncus coriaceus Coriaceous rush f, wr Juncus debilis Rush o, lo-mid Juncus dichotomus Rush r, lo Juncus diffusissimus Slimpod rush r, lo Juncus effusus var. solutus Soft rush f, wr Juncus gymnocarpus Few-seeded rush s, lo-mid Juncus interior Rush s, wr Juncus marginatus Margined rush i, wr Juncus scirpoides Rush r, lo Juncus tenuis var. tenuis Larger path rush c, wr Juncus trifidus ssp. carolinianus Dwarf rush vr, hi Luzula acuminata var. acuminata Wood-rush f, lo-mid Luzula acuminata var. carolinae Wood-rush unk Luzula echinata Wood-rush c, wr Luzula multiflora Wood-rush s, lo Lemnaceae Lemna valdiviana Duckweed r, lo Liliaceae Aletris farinosa Colic root s, lo-mid *Allium ampeloprasum Garlic r, lo Allium burdickii White-stemmed ramps, leeksi, mid-hi Allium canadense Wild garlic o, lo-mid Allium tricoccum Ramps, wild leeks o, mid *Allium vineale Field garlic o, lo Amianthium muscitoxicum Fly poison i, hi *Asparagus officinalis Wild asparagus r, lo Chamaelirium luteum Fairy wand i, lo-mid Clintonia borealis Bluebead lily f, hi Clintonia umbellulata Umbellate clintonia, speckled wood lily o, mid *Convallaria majalis Lily-of-the-valley r, lo-mid Convallaria montana Wild lily-of-the-valley s, mid Disporum lanuginosum Yellow mandarin f, lo-mid Disporum maculatum Spotteddd mandarin r, lo Erythronium umbilicatum Trout-lily c, wr *Hemerocallis fulva Orange day-lily o, hs *Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus Yellow day-lily r, hs *Hosta lancifolia Hosta r, hs Hypoxis hirsuta Yellow star grass c, lo-mid *Lilium canadense ssp. editorum Canada lily r, hs Lilium grayi Gray's lily h, mid-hi Lilium michauxii Carolina lily o, lo-mid Lilium philadelphicum Philadelphia wood lily h, mid Lilium superbum Turk's cap lily f, wr *Lilium lancifolium Tiger lily r, hs *Liriope spicatum Liriope r, hs Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower o, mid Maianthemum racemosum False Solomon's seal c, wr Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber f, wr Melanthium latifolium Bunch-flower r, lo-mid Melanthium parviflorum Small-flowered false hellebore f, lo-mid *Muscari botryoides Grape hyacinth r, hs *Narcissus poeticus Poet's narcissus r, hs *Narcissus pseudonarcissus Daffodil o, hs *Ornithogalum umbellatum Star-of-Bethlehem r, lo Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum Smooth Solomon's seal f, lo-mid Polygonatum biflorum var. commutatum Great Solomon's seal o, lo-mid Polygonatum pubescens Hairy Solomon's seal f, wr Stenanthium gramineum Featherbells o, wr Streptopus amplexifolius Twisted-stalk r, hi Streptopus roseus Rose twisted-stalk o, mid-hi Trillium catesbaei Catesby's trillium f, lo-mid Trillium cuneatum Sessile-flowered maroon trillium r, lo Trillium erectum Wake robin f, wr Trillium flexipes Jennison's white trillium r, lo Trillium grandiflorum White trillium f, lo-mid Trillium luteum Yellow trillium f, lo Trillium rugelii Southern nodding trillium s, lo Trillium simile Sweet white trillium r, mid Trillium undulatum Painted trillium o, wr Trillium vaseyi Vasey's trillium o, lo-mid Uvularia grandiflora Large-flowered bellwort o, lo-mid Uvularia perfoliata Perfoliate bellwort f, lo-mid Uvularia puberula Mountain bellwort f, lo-mid Uvularia sessilifolia Wild oats i, mid Veratrum viride False hellebore f, hi

Scientific name Common name Abundance,Range Orchidaceae Aplectrum hyemale Adam-and-Eve orchid f, lo-mid Calopogon tuberosus Grass-pink vr, lo-mid Cleistes divaricata Spreading pogonia s, lo-mid Coeloglossum viride var. virescens Bracted green orchid r, mid Corallorrhiza maculata Spotted coralroot vr, mid Corallorrhiza odontorhiza Autumn coralroot f, lo-mid Corallorrhiza wisteriana Spring-flowered coralroot r, lo Cypripedium acaule Pink lady's slipper o, lo-mid Cypripedium parviflorum Small-flowered yellow lady's slipper r, lo-mid Cypripedium pubescens Yellow lady's slipper s, lo-mid *Epipactis helleborine Helleborine r, mid Galearis spectabilis Showy orchis f, lo-mid Goodyera pubescens Downy rattlesnake-plantain c, lo-mid Goodyera repens Lesser rattlesnake-plantain s, mid-hi Hexalectris spicata Crested coralroot vr, lo Isotria verticillata Whorled pogonia s, lo-mid Liparis liliifolia Lily-leaved twayblade i, lo Liparis loeselii Fen orchid r, hi Listera smallii Small's twayblade s, mid Malaxis unifolia Adder's mouth s, wr Platanthera ciliaris Yellow-fringed orchid o, lo-mid Platanthera clavellata Green woodland orchid f, wr Platanthera flava Southern rein orchid vr, lo Platanthera grandiflora Larger purple-fringed orchid r, hi Platanthera lacera Green-fringed orchid r, lo Platanthera peramoena Purple fringeless orchid vr, lo Platanthera psycodes Small purple-fringed orchid o, mid-hi Pogonia ophioglossoides Pogonia h, lo Spiranthes cernua Nodding lady's tresses o, wr Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis Slender lady's tresses r, lo-mid Spiranthes ochroleuca Yellow nodding lady's tresses r, lo-mid Spiranthes ovalis Oval lady's tresses s, lo Spiranthes tuberosa Little lady's tresses s, lo-mid Spiranthes vernalis Early lady's tresses r, lo-mid Tipularia discolor Crane-fly orchid f, lo-mid Triphora trianthophora Nodding pogonia o, lo-mid Poaceae *Agrostis capillaris Rhode Island bent r, hi Agrostis elliottiana Elliott's bentgrass r, lo *Agrostis gigantea Redtop c, wr Agrostis hyemalis Hairgrass o, wr Agrostis mertensii Northern agrostis s, lo Agrostis perennans Upland bent c, wr Agrostis scabra Rough hairgrass s, lo-mid Alopecurus carolinianus Carolina foxtail r, hi Andropogon gerardii Big bluestem r, lo-mid Andropogon glomeratus Marsh broomsedge s, lo Andropogon gyrans Elliott's bluestem s, lo Andropogon ternarius Silver bluestem s, lo Andropogon virginicus Virginia broomsedge f, wr *Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet vernal grass f, wr Aristida purpurascens Purple triple-awned grass r, lo *Arrhenatherum elatius Oat grass i, lo-mid *Arthraxon hispidus Arthraxon grass o, lo Arundinaria gigantea Cane o, lo *Avena sativa Oats s, lo Brachyelytrum erectum Common shorthusk s, lo Brachyelytrum septentrionale Northern shorthusk s, mid-hi Bromus ciliatus Northern brome grass r, hi *Bromus commutatus Common brome grass f, wr *Bromus inermis Brome grass r, lo, hi *Bromus japonicus Japanese chess o, wr Bromus pubescens Native brome grass f, lo-mid *Bromus racemosus Brome grass r, lo *Bromus secalinus Cheat grass s, lo *Bromus tectorum Bromegrass s, lo Calamagrostis cainii Cain's reed-bent grass r, hi Calamagrostis cinnoides Reed-bent grass s, lo Chasmanthium latifolium Broad-leaved spanglegrass o, lo Chasmanthium laxum var. laxum Nodding spanglegrass i, lo Chasmanthium laxum var. sessilifolium Sessil-leaved spanglegrass r, lo Cinna arundinacea Reedgrass s, lo Cinna latifolia Woodreed c, wr *Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass f, lo *Dactylis glomerata Orchard grass c, wr Danthonia compressa Mountain oat grass c, wr Danthonia epilis Oat grass s, wr Danthonia sericea Downy oat grass o, lo-mid Danthonia spicata Poverty grass o, wr Dicanthanthelium acuminatum var. fasciculatum Woolly panic grass f, lo-mid Dicanthelium boscii Panic grass c, lo-mid Dicanthelium clandestinum Panic grass f, lo Dicanthelium commutatum Common panic grass f, lo Dicanthelium depauperatum Panic grass o, lo-mid Dicanthelium dichotomum var. dichotomum Small panic grass o, lo Dicanthelium latifolium Broad-leaved panic grass o, lo-mid Dicanthelium laxiflorum Panic grass o, lo Dicanthelium linearifolium Panic grass r, lo Dicanthelium longligulatum Long-ligule panic grass r, lo Dicanthelium meridionale Southern panic grass s, lo Dicanthelium sabulorum var. thinium Small panic grass s, lo-mid Dicanthelium scabriusculum Panic grass unk Dicanthelium scoparium Velvet panic grass s, lo Dicanthelium sphaerocarpon var. isophyllum Panic grass o, lo Dicanthelium sphaerocarpon var. sphaerocarpon Panic grass o, lo Dicanthelium villosissimum var. villosissimum Panic grass s, lo-mid Digitaria filiformis Crabgrass unk *Digitaria ischaemum Smooth crabgrass o, lo-mid *Digitd *Digitaria sanguinalis Crabgrass f, lo *Echinochloa colona Barnyard grass r, lo *Echinochloa crus galli Common barnyard grass c, lo Echinochloa muricata var. muricata Barnyard grass r, lo *Eleusine indica Wiregrass o, lo Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush o, wr Elymus riparius Wild rye vr, hi Elymus virginicus Wild rye f, wr Elytrigia repens var. repens Witch grass o, wr Eragrostis capillaris Fine lovegrass r, lo *Eragrostis curvula South African lovegrass o, lo Eragrostis frankii Small lovegrass s, lo Eragrostis hirsuta Lovegrass r, lo Eragrostis hypnoides Creeping lovegrass s, lo Eragrostis spectabilis Tumblegrass o, lo *Festuca ovina Sheep's-fescue r, lo *Festuca pratensis Tall or meadow fescue c, lo-mid *Festuca rubra Red fescue s, hi Festuca subverticillata Woodland fescue f, wr Glyceria melicaria Wood mannagrass f, mid-hi Glyceria nubigena Smoky Mountain mannagrass i, hi Glyceria striata Striate mannagrass f, wr *Holcus lanatus Velvetgrass f, wr Hordeum pusillum Little barley r, lo Leersia oryzoides Rice cutgrass s, lo Leersia virginica Virginia cutgrass o, lo *Lolium perenne ssp. perenne Perennial ryegrass o, wr Melica mutica Melic grass s, lo *Microstegium vimineum Microstegium, Japanese grass c, lo Milium effusum Wild millet r, hi *Miscanthus sinensis Miscanthus s, wr Muhlenbergia frondosa Muhly r, hi Muhlenbergia schreberi Drop-seed c, lo Muhlenbergia sylvatica Woodland muhly r, lo Muhlenbergia tenuiflora Muhly r, lo Panicum anceps Panic grass f, hs Panicum capillare Panic grass r, lo Panicum dichotomiflorum Large panic grass s, lo-mid Panicum gattingeri Panic grass unk *Panicum miliaceum Millet r, lo Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia panic grass o, lo Panicum rigidulum var. elongatum Stalked-fruit panic grass s, lo Panicum rigidulum var. pubescens Long-leaved panic grass s, lo Panicum rigidulum var. rigidulum Panic grass r, lo Panicum verrucosum Tuberculate panic grass o, lo Panicum virgatum Panic grass s, lo *Paspalum dilatatum Dallis-grass o, lo Paspalum laeve var. laeve Smooth paspalum o, lo Paspalum pubiflorum var. glabrum Paspalum o, lo Paspalum setaceum Ciliate paspalum o, lo *Paspalum urvillei Vasey-grass o, lo *Phalaris arundinacea Reed canary grass r, mid-hi *Phleum pratense Common timothy, c, wr Piptochaetiumm avenaceum Needlegrass s, lo-mid Poa alsodes Wood bluegrass f, wr *Poa annua Low speargrass, annual bluegrass c, wr Poa autumnalis Autumn bluegrass o, lo Poa chapmaniana Chapman's bluegrass s, wr *Poa compressa Canada bluegrass, wiregrass o, wr Poa cuspidata Woodland bluegrass r, mid Poa palustris Marsh bluegrass r, mid-hi *Poa pratensis Junegrass f, wr Poa saltuensis Bluegrass r, mid Poa sylvestris Woodland bluegrass r, lo-mid Poa trivialis Bluegrass s, lo Saccharum alopecuroides Beardgrass s, lo Saccharum giganteum Tall beardgrass r, lo Schizachyrium scoparium Little bluestem c, lo-mid *Secale cereale Rye o, lo *Setaria faberi Foxtail r, lo *Setaria italica Italian foxtail r, lo *Setaria parviflora Bent foxtail o, lo Setaria pumila Glaucous foxtail r, lo *Setaria viridis Green foxtail r, lo Sorghastrum elliottii Smaller Indian grass r, lo Sorghastrum nutans Indian grass f, lo-mid *Sorghum halepense Johnson grass i, lo Sphenopholis intermedia Sphenopholis r, lo Sphenopholis nitida Shining sphenopholis s, lo Sphenopholis obtusata Blunt sphenopholis s, lo Sphenopholis pensylvanica Trisetum f, lo-mid Sporobolus indicus Smutgrass o, lo Tridens flavus var. chapmanii Chapman's purple top r, lo Tridens flavus var. flavus Purple top f, lo Triipsacum dactyloides Eastern gamma grass r, lo *Triticum aestivum Wheat r, lo Vulpia bromoides Fescue r, lo-mid Vulpia octoflora Annual fescue i, lo Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton amplifolius Broad-leaved pondweed vr, lo Potamogeton tennesseensis Tennessee pondweed r, lo Smilacaceae Smilax bona-nox Catbrier r, lo Smilax biltmoreana Carrion flower unk Smilax glauca Glaucous catbrier c, lo-mid Smilax herbacea Carrion flower f, wr Smilax hugeri Huger's carrion flower r, lo Smilax rotundifolia Greenbrier c, lo-mid Smilax tamnoides Bristly greenbrier o, lo-mid Sparganiaceae Sparganium americanum Bur-reed r, lo Sparganium androcladum Bur-reed h, lo Typhaceae Typha latifolia Wideleaf cattail r, lo Xyridaceae Xyris torta Yellow-eyed grass r, lo