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Page 1060 • Top • -1 • +1 • Original • Database of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico • Highertaxa

Superfamily CYNIPOIDEA
Family CYNIPIDAE

All the species of this family inhabit plants, either as gall-makers or as inquilines. The latter
develop in galls produced by other Cynipidae, by Chalcidoidea, or by Diptera. The first subfami-
ly, Synerginae, contains only inquilines, or as often designated in cynipid literature, guests. The
second subfamily, Cynipinae, is composed entirely of gall producing species.

The arrangement of genera and species used here is based on the published papers of the late
L. H. Weld, his unpublished notes, and his arrangement of the U. S. N. M. collection. The nomen-
clature used here may or may not agree with that used by Felt in his 1940 pubHcation, Plant
Galls and Gall Makers, 364 pp. All evidence is that Mr. Weld thoroughly considered Felt's
nomenclature before he prepared the Cynipidae section of the 1951 Hymenoptera Catalog.

As was done in the 1951 Hymenoptera Catalog, two large papers by A. C. Kinsey are cited as
separate publications. This is done primarily because those works were widely distributed by
Kinsey as separate volumes. The complete references for them are as follows: Kinsey, 1930. The
Gall Wasp Genus Cynips, Ind. Univ. Studies 16 (84, 85, 86): 1-577, June, Sept., Dec. 1929, issued
Feb. 1930. (Waterman Inst. Sci. Res. Pub. 42; Contrib. Dept. Zool., Ind. Univ. No. 220, Ent. Ser.
No. 7). Kinsey, 1936. The Origin of Higher Categories in Cynips, Ind. Univ. Pubs., Sci. Ser. No. 4:
1-334, issued Nov. 1936. (Contrib. Dept. Zool., Ind. Univ. No. 242, Ent. Ser. No. 10).

Subfamily SYNERGINAE

All members of this subfamily develop as inquilines, or guests, in galls on various plants.
Although all the species of this subfamily emerge from galls, in no instance do they induce the
formation of the galls. There is, however, evidence that some inquilines cause slight changes in
the structure of the galls they inhabit. Their entire development occurs in galls induced by mem-
bers of the subfamily Cynipinae, some chalcidoids, or the dipterous gall makers in the family
Cecidomyiidae. It often occurs, however, that so many inquilines emerge from the galls, and so
few of the gall-makers emerge (in some instances no gall-makers emerge), that it is easy to
misjudge the habits of the inquilines. As a matter of fact, some of the inquilines have been
described as gall-makers, but in no instance is that true. Mani, 1964, (Ecology of Plant Galls, pp.
236-238), gives a summary of the existing literature on cynipid inquilines.

The subfamily name Synerginae was first proposed by Ashmead, 1896, (Amer. Ent. Soc,
Trans. 23: 186). This group somewhat corresponds to the "Group Inquilinae" proposed by Hartig,
1840, (Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 197). Hartig's name Inquilinae is not available for use because it is not
based on a generic name in the Cynipidae. Actually, Hartig's name Inquilinae was a descriptive
term that meant "Einmieter" or lodger.

Genus SAPHONECRUS Dalla Torre and Kieffer

Saphonecrus Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1910. Das Tierreich, Lief. 24, p. 605.
Type-species: Synergus cointatas Hartig. Orig. desig.

Guests in galls on oak.

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Saphonecrus brevicornis (Ashmead)
Calif.

Synergus brevicomin Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 189. ♀, ♂.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 315.

Saphonecrus brevis Weld
N. Me.x., Ariz. Host: Anclricus ruginosut; Bassett gall.

Saphonecnts brevis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68(10): 109. ♀, ♂.

Saphonecrus favanus Weld
D. C, Mo. Host: Dryoco.'inui.s favu.'i Beutenmueller gall.

Saphonecnts fai'aniis Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 1. ♀, ♂.

Saphonecrus gemmariae (Ashmead)
Fla. Host: Callirliyti.s queirmgemmaria (Ashmead) gall.

Sapliolytus gemmariae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 297, 302. ♂.

Genus SYNERGUS Hartig

Synergus Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 186.

Type-species: Synergus vulgaris Hartig. Desig. by Foerster, 1869.
Sapliolytus Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verh. 19: 332, 337.

Type-species: Synergus apicalis Hartig. Monotypic.

Guests in galls on oak.

Synergus agrifoliae Ashmead
CaHf. Host: Neurotenis saltatorius (Edwards) gall.

Synergus agrifoliae Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 189. ♀, ♂.
Synergus )naculatus FuUaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 371. ♀, ♂.
Sij)iergus obscurus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 57. ♀.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 102: 337.

Synergus atra Gillette
Colo. Host: Disliolcaspis rubens (Gillette) gall.

Synergus atra Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 86. ♀, ♂.

Synergus atripennis Ashmead
Fla. Host: Disliolcaspis spongiosa (Karsch) gall.

Synergus atripennis Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 189. ♀.

Synergus atripes Gillette
Colo. Host: Atrusca brevipennata (Gillette) gall.

Synergus atripes Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90, 96. ♀, ♂.

Synergus batatoides Ashmead
Fla. Host: Callirliytis quercusbatoides (Ashmead) gall.

Synergus batatoides Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 297, 301. ♀, ♂.

Synergus bellus McCracken and Egbert
Calif.

Synergus bellus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci.
3(1): 54. ♀, ♂.

Synergus bicolor Ashmead
Fla. Host: Andricus quercusfoliatus (Ashmead) gall.

Synergus bicolor Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 297, 302. ♀, ♂.

Synergus campanula Osten Sacken
N. Y., N. J., D. C, 111., Wis. Host: Disliolcaspis quercusglobulus
(Fitch) gall.

Synergus campanula Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 376. ♀.

Synergus castanopsidis (Beutenmueller)
Calif. Host: Dryocosmus castanopsidis (Beutenmueller) gall.

Periclistus castanopsidis Beutenmueller, 1918. Ent. News 29: 251. ♀.

Synergus citriformis (Ashmead)
Fla. Host: Ampliibolips qiiercuscitriformis (Ashmead) gall.

Ceroptres citriformis Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 300. ♀, ♂.

Synergus confertus McCracken and Egbert
Cahf. Host: Andricus confertus McCracken and Egbert gall.

Synergus confertus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 55. ♀, ♂.

Synergus coniferae Ashmead
Fla. Host: Callirliytis quercusventricosa (Bassett) gall.

Synergus coniferae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 297, 301. ♀, ♂.

Synergus davisi (Beutenmueller)
N. J. Host: Callirliytis quercusgemmaria (Ashmead) gall.

Andricus dacisi Beutenmueller, 1907. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 23: 463. ♀, ♂.

Synergus digressus McCracken and Egbert
Calif.

Synergus digressus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 52. ♀, ♂.

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Synergus dimorphus Osten Sacken
D. C.

Synergus diviorphus Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 376. ♀, ♂.

Synergus distinctus McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Disliolcaspis canesceiis (Bassett) gall.

Synergus cliHtinctus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1):58. ♀, ♂.

Synergus dorsalis (Provancher)
Calif.

Ceroptres (hmalis Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 298. ♀, ♂.

Synergus duricoria Gillette
Del. Host: Disliolcaspis quercunnianntia (Walsh) gall.

Synergus duricoria Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90, 93. ♀.

Synergus erinacei Gillette
N. Y., Iowa.

Synergus erinacei Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90, 94. ♀, ♂.

Synergus ficigerae Ashmead
Fla. Host: Disliolcaspis quercuscireiis (Ashmead) gall.

Synergus ficigerae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 297, 301. ♀, ♂.

Synergus flavens McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Heteroecus flavens (McCracken and Egbert) gall.

Synergus flacots McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci.
3(1): 55. ♀.

Synergus flavus Kieffer
Calif. Host: Callirht/fis quercuspo)nifonnis (Bassett) gall.

Synergus Jhivus Kieffer, 1904.'Soc Hist. Nat. Metz, Bui. (2) 11: 133. ♀, ♂.

Synergus garryana Gillette
Wash., Oreg. Host: Disliolcaspis eldoradensis (Beutenmueller) gall.

Synergus garryana Gillette, 1893. Canad. Ent. 25: 110. ♀, ♂.

Synergus incisus Gillette
Colo. Host: Callirliytis frequens (Gillette) gall.

Synergus incisus Gillette, 1896.' Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90, 92. ♀, ♂.

Synergus laeviventris (Osten Sacken)
D. C. Host: Antpliibolips quercusspongifica (Osten Sacken) gall.

Synoplirus laevicentris Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 1: 57. ♀.

Synergus lignicola (Osten Sacken)
D. C, N. Y., Mich., Ind. Host: Callirliytis comigera (Osten Sacken),
Callirlnitis quercuspuncfata (Bassett) galls.

Cynips (Synergesf) lignicola Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 1: 252. ♀, ♂.

Synerges(l) rhoditiformis Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 2: 499. ♀, ♂.

Synergus magnificus Weld
Calif. Host: Disliolcaspis truckeensis (Ashmead) gall.

Synergus magnificus Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 107. ♀, ♂.

Synergus magnus Gillette
Mich. Host: Anipliibolips cookii Gillette gall.

Synergus magnus Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 202. ♀.

Synergus medullae Ashmead
Fla. Host: Callirliytis quercusmedullae (Ashmead) gall.

Synergus medullae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 297, 302. ♀, ♂.

Synergus mendax Walsh
111. Host: Callirliytis quercuspunctata (Bassett) gall.

SynergesV.) mendax Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 498. ♀.

Synergus multiplicatus Fullaway
Cahf. Host: Andricus clirysolepidicola (Ashmead) gall.

Synergus multiplicatus Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc Amer., Ann. 4: 370. ♀, ♂.

Synergus niger Fullaway
Calif.

Synergus niger Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 369. ♀, ♂.

Synergus nigroornatus McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Heteroecus pacificus (Ashmead) gall.
Sijnergiis nigro-ornatus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser.
"Biol. Sci. 3(1): 57. ♀, ♂.

Synergus obtusilobae (Ashmead)
Fla.

Ceroptres obtusilobae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 300. ♀.

Synergus ochreus Fullaway
Calif. Host: Callirliytis querciispomiformis (Bassett) gall.

Synergus ochreus Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc Amer., Ann. 4: 368. ♀.

Synergus oneratus
***authority mismatch
oneratus (Harris). Mass., N. Y., N. J., D. C, Mich., 111., Iowa. Host: Dicholcaspis
querciisglobuliis (Fitch), Adteria qiiercnsstrobilana (Osten Sacken) galls.

Cynips oneratus Harris, 1841. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 398.

Synergus oneratus
***authority mismatch
coloradensis Gillette. Colo. Host: Disliolcaspis rubens (Gillette), Atrusca
breripennata (Gillette) galls.

Synergus oneratus var. coloradensis Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90. ♀, ♂.

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Synergus pacificus McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Heteroems pacificus (Ashmead) gall.

SyiienjKs pacificiin McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 56." 6,9.

Synergus pomiformis (Ashmead)
Calif. Host: Callirbytis quemispomifoi-mis (Bassett) gall.

Cewptren poniifoDiiin Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 300. ♂.

Synergus profusus McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Disholcanpin canesce)is (Bassett) gall.

Synergmt profitxtin McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 59. ♀, ♂.

Synergus punctatus Gillette
Colo. Host: Disholcaspis nibetis (Gillette), Xanthotems eburneimi (Bassett)
galls.

Synergiis punctata Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90, 94. ♀, ♂.

Synergus quercuslana (Fitch)
N. Y., Iowa. Host: A)i(lyicus qiiercuaflocci (Walsh) gall.

C/y>(//;.s QuercnH-lana Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 814. ♀.

Synergus reniformis McCracken and Egbert
Host: Andriciis renifoniii.s McCracken and Egbert gall.

Siiiie)yHs irnifoniiia McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
■ Sci. 3(1): 53; 9, d.

Synergus rutulus McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Disholcaspi.s plionbella Kinsey gall.

Syiien/iis nttulus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci.
3(1): 60. ♀.

Synergus similis Gillette
Colo. Host: Atinsca tyrecipennata (Gillette) gall.

SyuenjHs .s//;/(7/.s Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90, 92. ♀.

Synergus splendidus
***authority mismatch
Fullaway. Calif. Host: Callirhyti.s quercuspotiiifonnis (Bassett) gall.

Syuergii.s spletulklun Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 369. ♀.

Synergtin ilubiosim Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 372. ♀, ♂.

Synergus succinipedis (Ashmead)
Fla. Host: Disliolcaspis quercussuccinipes (Ashmead) gall.

Ceroptren .succinipedis Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 300. ♀.

Synergus varicolor Fullaway
Calif. Host: Callirliytis quercunpomifoniiis (Bassett) gall.

Synergiis varicolor Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 371. ♀, ♂.

Synergus variegatus McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Heteroecus pacificus (Ashmead) gall.

Synergus variegatus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 51. ♀, ♂.

Synergus villosus Gillette
Mich. Host: Acraspis villosa (Gillette) gall.

Synergus villosus Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 202. ♀.

Synergus virentis (Ashmead)
Fla. Host: Belonocnema quercusvirens (Osten Sacken) gall.

Ceroptres virentis Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 300. ♀.

Synergus walshii Gillette
111.

Synophrus albipes Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 2: 479, 496. 9,6. Preocc by Hartig,

1841.
Synergus walshii Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 97. N. name.

Genus SYNOPHRUS Hartig

Synophrus Hartig, 1843. Ztschr. f. Ent. 4: 411.

Type-species: Synophrus politus Hartig. Monotypic

Synophrus mexicanus (Gillette)
N. Me.x.

Synergus inexicana Gillette, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 90, 96. ♀.

Genus SYNOPHROMORPHA Ashmead

Synophromorpha Ashmead, 1903. Psyche 10: 145.

Type-species: Synophroniorpha salicis Ashmead. Orig. desig.

Guests in galls on Rubus and Rosa. Unfortunately the type-species of this genus, S. salicis
Ashmead, is from an unknown locality and its host was supposed to be a dipterous gall-maker on
Salix. The type of salicis has not been located and probably does not exist.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. Cynipoidea 1905-1950, p. 266.

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Synophromorpha rubi Weld
111. Host: Diantwphus cuHCutaeformis (Osten Sacken) gall.

Synophromorpha rubi Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 317. ♀, ♂.

Synophromorpha sylvestris (Osten Sacken)
Conn., Ont, N. Y., N. J., D. C, Mich. Host: Diplolepis ignota (Osten
Sacken) gall.

Synophnis sylvestris Osten Sacken, 1861. Stettin Ent. Ztg. 22: 415. ♀.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 316.

Synophromorpha terricola Weld
D. C, Va. Host: Diastroplnis bassetti Beutenmueller, D. radicu))/ Bassett galls.
Synophromorpha terricola Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 316. ♀, ♂.

Genus PERICLISTUS Foerster

Periclistus Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verh. 19: 332, 337.
Type-species: Ay lax ca)ii)iae Hartig. Monotypic.

Guests in galls on roses.

Periclistus arefactus McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Host: Diplolepis arefacta (Gillette) gall.

Periclistus arefactus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 62." 9, 6.

Periclistus californicus Ashmead
Calif. Host: Diplolepis polita (Ashmead) gall.

Pericli.itus californicus Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 188. ♀, ♂.

Periclistus obliquus Provancher
Calif.

Pericli.'itus obliquus Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada, Hym. p. 397. ♀.

Periclistus piceus Fullaway
Calif. Host: Diplolepis polita (Ashmead) gall.

Periclistus piceus Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 374. ♀, ♂.

Periclistus pirata (Osten Sacken)
D. C. Host: Diplolepis ignota (Osten Sacken) gall.

Aiilax pirata Osten Sacken, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 42. ♀, ♂.

Rhodites globulus Beutenmueller, 1892. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 4: 247. ♀, ♂.

Periclistus semipiceus (Harris)
Mass. Host: Diplolepis sp., galls on rose roots.

Cynips semipiceus Harris, 1841. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 400. ♀, ♂.

Periclistus smilacis Ashmead
Fla. Host: Diastrophus sniilacis Ashmead gall. Host may be incorrect.

Periclistus smilacis Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 188. ♀, ♂.

Genus MYRTOPSEN Rubsaamen

Myrtopsen Rubsaamen, 1908. Marcellia 6: 136.

Type-species: Myrtopsen mayri Rubsaamen. Monotypic.

Reared from woody galls on leguminous trees and shrubs.

Myrtopsen mimosae Weld
Ariz. Host: Tanaostigmodes sp. galls on Mimosa biuncifera.
Myrtopsen mimosae Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68(10): 116. ♀, ♂.

Genus CEROPTRES Hartig

Ceroptres Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 186, 197.

Type-species: Ceroptres clavicornis Hartig. Desig. by Foerster, 1869.

Guests in galls on oak.

Ceroptres catesbaei Ashmead
Fla. Host: Bassettia quercuscatesbaei (Ashmead) gall.

Ceroptres catesbaei Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 301. ♀, ♂.

Ceroptres confertus (McCracken and Egbert)
Calif. Host: Andricus confertus McCracken and Egbert
gall.

Periclistus confertus McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol.
Sci. 3(1): 62. ♀.

Ceroptres frondosae Ashmead
Mo.

Ceroptres frondosae Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 186. ♀.

Ceroptres inermis (Walsh)
111. Host: Cincticornia pilulae (Osten Sacken) gall.

Amblynotus inermis Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 2: 498. ♀, ♂.

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Ceroptres lanigerae Ashmead
Fla. Host: A)idricu.s qiiercuslanic/er (Ashmead) gall.

CeivptiTs lanigerae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 301. ♀.

Ceroptres minutissimi Ashmead
Fla. Host: Neiirotenis qiieycits))n)iHtissi)iiu.s (Ashmead) gall.

Ceroptres miuHtissliiil Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 301. ♀, ♂.

Ceroptres montensis Weld
Calif. Host: Andriciis renifonHis McCracken and Egbert gall.

Ceroptren wontcnsis Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 108. ♀, ♂.

Ceroptres niger Fullaway
Cahf. Specimen now labeled as Type in California Academy of Science is not a
CetoptreK, but an undetermined gall-maker; original description of niger is clearly that
of a true Ceroptre.s.

Ceroptren niger Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 373. ♀.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. Cynipoidea 1905-1950, p. 268.

Ceroptres petiolicola (Osten Sacken)
D. C, 111. Host: Andricus qMercitspetiolicoia (Bassett) gall.

Aniblipiotiin petiolicola Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 67. ♀.

Aiiihl'iinofns ensiger Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 487, 496. ♀.

Ceroptres politus Ashmead
Va. Ecology: Ovipositing in leaf of red oak.

Ceroptres politnn Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 187. ♀, ♂.

Ceroptres quercusarbos (Fitch)
N. Y. Host: Callirln/ti.'i cUtcula (Osten Sacken) gall.

Ct/nips QHercus-arl>o.'< Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 809. ♂.

Ceroptres quercusficus (Fitch)
N. Y. Host: Xanthoteras quercusforticorne (Walsh) gall.

Cijnipii Quercus-ficus Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 812. ♀, ♂.

Ceroptres quercusobtusilobae Karsch
Tex. Host: Galls on Q««'rc«.s stellata.

Diplolepis q. obtn!
Cynips obtHsilobae Dalla Torre, 1893. Cat. Hym., v. 2, p. 74.

Ceroptres obtusiloberisis Weld, 1951. U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2, p. 614.

Ceroptres quercuspisum (Fitch)
N. Y. Host: Acra.spis pezouuichoide.'i (Osten Sacken) gall.

Cijuips Qtiercus-pi.'intn Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 818. ♀, ♂.

Ceroptres quercustuber (Fitch)
N. Y. Host: Callirhijtin clavula (Osten Sacken) gall.

Cgnips Quercns-tnber Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 806. ♀, ♂.
ruflventris Ashmead. Mo. Host: Andricus qnercHsoste)i.Hackenii (Bassett) gall.

Ceroptres rufirentris Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 186. ♀.

Genus EUCEROPTRES Ashmead

Euceroptres Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 187.

Type-species: Euceroptres primus Ashmead. Monotypic.

Guests in galls on oak.

Euceroptres maritimus Weld
Calif. Host: Callirhytis quercussuttoni (Bassett) gall.

Euceroptres maritimus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 113, 116. ♀, ♂.
inontanus Weld. Calif. Host: Disholcaspis truckeensis (Ashmead) gall.

Euceroptres moiitanus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68(10): 113, 116. ♀, ♂.

Euceroptres primus Ashmead
Fla. Host: Andricus quercuspetiolicola (Bassett) gall and other oak galls.

Euceroptres primus Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 187. ♀, ♂.

Aylaxd) futilis Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 51, 64. ♂.

Subfamily CYNIPINAE

In this subfamily all species are gall-makers. The species of the first few genera, Gonaspis
through Diplolepis, produce galls on plants other than Quercus. From the genus Neuroterus to
the end of the subfamily all but two of the species produce galls only on Quercus. The two ex-
ceptions are Andricus mendocinensis Weld, which is a gall-maker on the tanbark oak, Lithocar-
pus densiflorus, and Dryocosmus castanopsidis (Beutenmueller), which produces galls on
Castauopsis citrysophylla and C. semperviren.'i. Lithocarpus and Ca.^tanopsis have by some
Botanists been considered to be synonyms of Quercus. The prevalent current opinion is that
those two genera are very closely related to Quercus, but are distinct.

The subfamily Cynipinae is limited here as it was by Ashmead, 1903. (Psyche 10: 145). This

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corresponds somewhat with the old term Psenides Hartig, 1840. (Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 187). The
name Psenides Hartig is not based on any generic name in the Cynipoidea, but is a descriptive
term meaning "Gallenerzeuger" or gall producer.

There are European species of gall-makers that are commonly intercepted at our ports of
entry, but they are not known to have been established in North America. The best known of
these is Andricua kollari (Hartig). This produces bud galls on Quercus rober and other Europe-
an oaks. The galls produced by this species are imported for the production of permanent inks
that are required by law in some states for signatures to certain documents. The cynipid
gall-makers occasionally have been known to emerge in factories where these inks are produced,
and some factory workers have complained that they were stung by the cynipids. Many of the
species of oaks on which this cynipid produces galls in Europe are grown in North America as
rare ornamentals. This cynipid has not yet been found developing here. "Nut galls" or "Aleppo
galls," produced by Adleria gallaetinctoriae (Olivier), are also commonly imported, as are the
acorn galls oi Andriciis glandiuni (Giraud). The cynipids producing these galls are not known to
be established in North America.

Taxonomy: Eady and Quinlan, 1963. Handb. Ident. Brit. Ins. 8(la): 1-81.

Genus GONASPIS Ashmead

Gojiaspis Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 8: 68.

Type-species: Diastropliiis scutellaris Gillette. Orig. desig.

Produce galls on Poteiitilla.

Gonaspis potentillae (Bassett)
N. B. s. to Va., w. to 111., Mo. Ecology: Produces globular galls in leaf
axils of Poteiitilla spp.
Diastropliux potent iUae Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 689. 9, d, gall.
Diofitrophus acutellariH Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 191.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1959. Cynipid Galls Eastern U. S., p. 84.

Genus ANTISTROPHUS Walsh

Antistrophus Walsh, 1869. Amer. Ent. 2: 74.

Type-species: Antistrophus lygodesntiaepisinu Walsh. Monotypic.
Asclepiadipliila Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 263.

Type-species: Asclepiadipliila stepliattotidis Ashmead. Monotypic.

Produce galls on various composites.

Antistrophus bicolor Gillette
111. Ecology: Said to produce galls on Silpliiuni integrifolium.

Antistropltits bicolor Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 197.

Antistrophus chrysothamni (Beutenmueller)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce galls on Clirysothanuius sp. that are
stem swellings covered with feltlike pubescence.
Aniax cliri/sotliannii Beutenmueller, 1908. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 16: 45. 9, 6, gall.

Antistrophus laciniatus Gillette
111. Ecology: Produces minute galls among disk florets in flower heads of
Silpliiitin laciniatinii.
Antistrophus laciniatus Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 194. 9, 6, gall.

Antistrophus lygodesmiaepisum Walsh
111., N. Dak., S. Dak., Kans., Wyo., Colo., N. Mex. Ecology: Produces
pea-shaped galls along stem of Lygodesniia juncea.
Antistrophus lijgodesntiaepisuni Walsh, 1869. Amer. Ent. 2: 73. 9, 6, gall.
Antistrophus pisuin Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.
Asclepiadiphila stephanotidis Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 263. 9, 6, gall.

Antistrophus microseris (McCracken and Egbert)
Calif. Ecology: Produces gall on stem of Microseris sp.
Aylax microseris McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci.
3(1): 45. 9, gall.

Antistrophus minor Gillette
111. Ecology: Bred from galls hidden in stems of Silphiuni laciniatum.
Antistrophus minor Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 196. 9, 6, gall.
Aulax Gillettei Kieffer, 1902. Soc. Hist. Nat. Metz., Bui. (2) 10: 95. N. name unnecessarily
proposed.

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Antistrophus rufus Gillette
111., Kans. Ecology: Bred from galls hidden in stem of Silpliiuvi laciniatuni.

A)itistrophus rufus Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 195. 9, 6, gall.

Antistrophus silphii Gillette
Va., 111., Nebr. Ecology: Produces club-shaped subterminal stem galls on
Silpliiu)ii perfoliatuui.

AnthtrophuH ailphii Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 192. 9,6, gall.

AniintrophuH leavenworthi Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 310. 9, 6, gall.

Genus DIASTROPHUS Hartig

DiastrophuH Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 186.

Type-species: Diastrophus rubi Hartig. Monotypic.

Produce galls on Rubus, Fnigaria, PotentUla.

Diastrophus bassettii Beutenmueller
N. Y., N. J., Pa. Ecology: Produce irregularly globose galls half buried
in ground at tips of running Rubus stems.
DiastrophuH baasettii Beutenmueller, 1892. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 4: 248. 6, gall.

Diastrophus cuscutaeformis Osten Sacken
Conn, to S. C, w. to Ont., 111., Iowa. Ecology: Produce seedlike
galls on Rubus stems near ground level.
Dittstroplius cuscutaefoDiiis Osten Sacken, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 39. 9, 6, gall.

Diastrophus fragariae Beutenmueller
R. I., N. Y., s. to Va., w. to Ont., 111. Ecology: Produce galls on petiole
of strawberry, Fragaria virginiana.
Diastrophus fragariae Beutenmueller, 1915. Canad. Ent. 47: 353. 6, gall.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 118 (description of female).

Diastrophus fusiformans Ashmead
Ont., Colo. Ecology: Produce galls on PotentUla sp. that are slight
swellings, often curved, in stems.
Diastrophus fusiforwaus Ashmead, 1890. Colo. Biol. Assoc, Bui. 1: 13, 38. 9, gall.

Diastrophus kincaidii Gillette
Colo., Idaho, B. C, Wash., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce lumpy and pithy
stem galls on Rubus parriflorus.
Diastrophus kincaidii Gillette, 1893. Canad. Ent. 25: 110. 9, 6, gall.
Diastrophus kincaidii var. austrior Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 54. 9, 6, gall.

Diastrophus minimus Bassett
Mass., Conn., N. J. Ecology: Produce small, oval galls on internodes of
Potenfilla canadensis.
Diastrophus minimus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 325. 9, 6, gall.

Diastrophus nebulosus (Osten Sacken)
Conn, to Fla., w. to Ont., Kans., Okla. Ecology: Produce stem galls
on Rubus sp., blackberries, that are large, abrupt, pithy, subterminal swellings with
longitudinal grooves.
Cguips (Diasfrophusn nebulosus Osten Sacken, 1861. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 22: 415. 9, gall.

Diastrophus niger Bassett
Mass., N. Y., D. C, Mich., 111., Mo., Ark. Ecology: Produce spindle-shaped stem
galls on PotentUla ca)iadensis.
Diastrophus niger Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 324. 9, gall.

Diastrophus piceus Provancher
Ont. (Ottawa).

Diastrophus piceus Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 161. ♀, ♂.

Diastrophus radicum Bassett
Conn. s. to N. C, w. to Ont., Mich., Colo. Ecology: Produce irregular, globose
root galls on black raspberry, Rubus occidentalis.
Diastrophus radicum Bassett, 1870. Canad. Ent. 2: 98. 9, 6, gall.

Diastrophus smilacis Ashmead
111. Originally described from specimens said to be from gall on Smilax;
this species has not been reared again since. The plant record may be incorrect.
Diastrophus smilacis Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 19: 135. 9, gall.

Diastrophus tumefactus Kinsey
Que., Ont. Ecology: Produce enlarged stem galls on PotentUla.

Diastrophus tumefactus Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, Bui. 42: 299. 9, gall.

Diastrophus turgidus Bassett
Que., Maine, Ont., Conn., D. C, N. Y., Ind., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce abrupt
stem sweeling galls on red raspberries, Rubus strigosus.
Diastrophus turdigusC) Bassett, 1870. Canad. Ent. 2: 99. 9, gall.
Diastrophus turgidus Bassett, 1870. Canad. Ent. 2: 100.

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Genus LIPOSTHENES Foerster

LipoHihenuH (!) Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verb. 19: 332.
Liposthenes Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verh. 19: 336.
Type-species: Aiilax glechoviae Hartig. Orig desig.

Produce galls on Nepeta liecleracea, in Europe and North America.

Liposthenes glechomae (Linnaeus)
Maine s. to Va., w. to Ont., W. Va., 111. Europe. Ecology: Produce

globular, green, fleshy galls on Nepeta hederacea. Introduced from Europe with its host
plant and established in the Eastern U. S. and Ontario.

Cynips Glechomae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., Ed. 10, p. 553. 9, gall.

Diu^trophuH siwilix Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 95. 9, gall.

Aulax Latreillei Kieffer, 1898. Wien. Ent. Ztg. 17: 257. 9,6, gall.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. Cynipoidea 1905-1950, p. 273.

Genus AYLAX Hartig

Ai/lax Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 186, 195.

Type-species: Ci/nipn rhoeadis Bouche. Desig. by Ashmead, 1903.
Aulax Hartig, 1843. Ztschr. f. Ent. 4: 412. Emend.
Pseiulaiilax Ashmead, 1903. Psyche 10: 213.

Type-species: Cynipn liieracii Linnaeus. Orig. desig.

Aylax papaveris (Perris)
North America ?; Europe. Ecology: Produce galls in seed-heads of Papaver.
Introduced from Europe into North America many times hut not certainly known to
be established here.
Diplolepis papareris Perris, 1840. Soc. Ent. France, Ann. 9: 95. 9, 6, gall.

Aylax quinquecostatus (Provancher)
Ont. (Toronto).

Diastrophtts o-coHtafus Provancher, 1883. Nat. Canad. 14: 19. ♀, ♂.

Genus PHANACIS Foerster

Phanacis Foerster, 1860. Naturh. Ver. Rheinlande, Verh. 17: 145.

Type-species: Phaiiacis centaureae Foerster. Monotypic.
TitnaNpis Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien., p. 18.

Type-species: Diastrophits lanipsanae Karsch. Monotypic.
Gillettea Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 8: 69.

Type-species: Gillettea taraxici Ashmead. Orig. desig.

Taxonomy: Eady and Quinlan, 1963. Handb. Ident. Brit. Ins. 8 (la): 17-18.

Phanacis hypochaeridis
***authority mismatch
(Kieffer). Wash., Oreg., Calif.; Europe. Ecology: Produce stem swelling galls on
Hi/pochaeiis radicata. Introduced from Europe into Pacific Coast states.
Aulax hi/pochaeridis Kieffer, 1887. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verh. 37: 205. 9, gall.

Phanacis taraxaci (Ashmead)
Ont., N. Y., 111., Minn., Iowa; Hawaii, Europe. Ecology: Produce fusiform
galls on petiole, leaf midrib, or base of peduncle. Introduced from Europe along with its
host plant. Taraxacum officinale.
Gillettea taraxaci Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 8: 69. 9, 6, gall.

Genus AULACIDEA Ashmead

Aiilacidea Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 8: 68.

Type-species: Aulax iiuilgediicola Ashmead. Orig. desig.

Produce galls on various composites.

Aulacidea abdita Kinsey
Que. Ecology: Produce cell-like galls in pith oi Lactuca. This is doubtfully
distinct from harriiigtoiii (Ashmead).
Aulacidea abdita Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 296. 9, 6, gall.

Aulacidea ambrosiaecola (Ashmead)
Mo. (Kirkwood). Ecology: Supposed to produce galls on A)iihrosia,
but has not been found again since it was described.
Aulax anibro.fiaecola Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 134. 9, c5, gall.

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Aulacidea annulata Kinsey
Mass. (Sharon). Ecology: Produce galls on Lactuca. This may be a synonym
of tionida (Bassett).
Aitlacidea (uniulata Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bull. 42: 298. 9, 6, gall.

Aulacidea harringtoni (Ashmead)
Ont. to D. C, w. to Mo. Ecology: Produce cell-like galls in pith of
stems of Lactitca rillosa, probably other species of Lactuca also.
Aniax haryiugto)ii Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 146. ♀.
Aulax bicolor Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3(1): 201. ♀.
Aniax niitlgediicolu Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 133. 9, 6, gall.
Aniax cacicola Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 134. ♀.

Aulacidea nabali (Brodie)
Que. to N. C, w. to 111. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Pre)ia)itltes, these
hemispherical swellings on the stem just below surface of ground.
Aulax nabali Brodie, 1892. Canad. Ent. 24: 12. 9, 6, gall.

Aulacidea podagrae
***authority mismatch
(Bassett). N. Y., Pa., Va., Ill, Mo. Ecology: Produce knotty stem galls on Lactuca
canadensis, these scattered along stem at leaf bases.
Aulax podagrae Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 91. 9, i, gall.

Aulacidea tumida (Bassett)
Ont. to Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce galls that are swellings near ape.x of
stem of Lactuca canade)isis and Sonchus.
Aulax tuniidus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 92. 9, 6, gall.
Aulax sonchicola Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 134. 9, 6, gall.
Aulacidea solidaginis Girault, 1903. Ent. News 14: 323. 9, 6, gall.

Genus DIPLOLEPIS Fourcroy

Diplolepis Geoffroy, 1762. Hist. Abregee des Ins., v. 2, p. 308. Not available for
nomenclatorial purposes, Internatl. Comm. Zool. NomencL, Opinion 228, 1954.
Diplolepis Fourcroy, 1785. Ent. Parisiensis, pt. 2, p. 391.

Type-species: Cii>iips wsae Linnaeus. Desig. by Karsch, 1880.
Rhodites Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 186.

Type-species: Cij)iips wsae Linnaeus. Desig. by Foerster, 1869.
Hololexis Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verb. 19: 330, 333.

Type-species: Hololexis rufipes Foerster. Monotypic.
Tribalia Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 470.

Type-species: Tribalia batatoruni Walsh. Monotypic.
Lyforlmdites Kieffer, 1902. Soc. Hist. Nat. Metz., Bui. (2) 10: 96.

Type-species: Rhodites arefactus Gillette. Desig. by Rohwer and Fagan, 1917.

Produce galls on Rosa. It is unfortunately true that the bulk of the literature about this

Genus used the generic name Rhodites. There is some sentiment for asking the Commission to

place Rhodites on the list of conserved names, but no such proposal has been presented. As the
years pass and literature accumulates using the name Diplolepis, the likelihood of such a
proposal being made to the Commission becomes increasingly less likely.

arefacta (Gillette). Colo., Ariz., Utah, Nev., Wash. Ecology: Produce galls on small shoots of
Rosa.
Rhodites arefactus Gillette, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 157. 9,6, gall.
ashmeadi (Beutenmueller). Oreg. Ecology: Produce globose galls on Rosa nutkana stems.

Rhodites ashmeadi Beutenmueller, 1918. Canad. Ent. 50: 306. 9, gall.
bassetti bassetti (Beutenmueller). Wash., Oreg. Ecology: Produce clusters of small, woody
galls with fine, curled filaments on twigs of Rosa nutkana.
Rhodites ba.'isetti Beutenmueller, 1918. Canad. Ent. 50: 307. 9,6, gall.
bassetti lucida Kinsey. Idaho, Oreg. Ecology: Produce clusters of small woody galls with stout,
straight filaments on twigs of Rosa nutkana.
Diplolepis bas.'fetti var. lucida Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 57. 9, 6, gall.
bicolor (Harris). Maine to Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce spherical, spiny leaf galls on Rosa;
galls may completely conceal leaves.
Cynips bicolor Harris, 1841. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 399. 9, 6, gall.

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californica (Beutenmueller). Wash., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce fairly large, spherical galls
on terminals of Rosa twigs; gall covered with dense, irregular filaments and
semi-aborted leaves.
Rhodites califoniiciis Beutenmueller, 1914. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 9: 88. 9, 6, gall.
dichlocera (Harris). Ont. to Va. w. to 111. Ecology: Produce fusiform stem galls on Rosa; galls
usually with prickly surface.
Cynips diclilocerits Harris, 1841. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 399. 9,6, gall.
fulgens (Gillette). Conn., Ont., N. Y., N. J., W. Va., 111., Minn., S. Dak., Colo. Ecology: Produce
potatolike root galls on Rosa bkuula.
Rhodites fulgens Gillette, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 159. ♀.
fusiformans fusiformans (Ashmead). Ont., 111., Nebr., Colo., Ariz. Ecology: Produce fusiform
or abrupt, one-sided enlargements of stems oi Rosa.
Rhodites fMsifoniians Ashmead, 1890. Colo. Biol. Assoc, Bui. 1: 14. 9, 6, gall.
fusiformans mendocinensis Kinsey. Calif. Ecology: Produce polythalamous stem galls on
Rosa.
Diplolepis fusifor)iians var. tiiendocinensis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 62. ♀, ♂.
gall.
fusiformans minuta Kinsey. Calif. Ecology: Produce small stem galls on Rosa, each gall
containing 4 or less cells.
Diplolepis fiisifoniunis var. iinnuta Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 61. 9, 6, gall.
gracilis (Ashmead). Mass., Conn., Ont., N. Y., 111., Wis., Utah. Ecology: Produce galls on under
side of Rosa leaves; galls single or in clusters, each one globular with flattened top.
Rhodites gracilis Ashmead, 1897. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 135. 9, d, gall.

ignota (Osten Sacken). Ont. to Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce globular, hard, many-celled galls
on under side of leaves of Rosa; several galls may coalesce into an irregular mass;
surface of gall covered with mealy , white bloom. Mealy rose gall.
Rhodites ignota Osten Sacken, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 45, 49, 63. 9, cJ, gall.
Rhodites Carolina Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 133, 148. 9, gall.
lens Weld. Wash., Oreg., Cahf. Ecology: Produce small lens-shaped leaf galls on Rosa nutkana.

Diplolepis lens Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 320. ♀, ♂.
mayri (Schlechtendal). N. J., Ohio; Europe. Ecology: Produce lobed, terminal stem galls on

Rosa rnl)igi)iosa. Introduced from Europe; first identified from New Jersey specimens
in 1914.
Rhodites mayri Schlechtendal, 1877 (1876). Jabresber. Ver. Zwickau, p. 59. 9, gall.
nebulosa (Bassett). Conn., Ont., N. Y., N. J., 111. Ecology: Produce small, globular galls on
under side of leaves of Rosa; galls with a few, weak spines.
Rhodites nebtilosus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 63. 9, gall.
neglecta (Gillette). Colo. Ecology: Produce abrupt, corky enlargements of small stems of Rosa;
surface of galls smooth.
Rhodites neglect us Gillette, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 158. 9,6, gall.
nodulosa (Beutenmueller). Mass., Md., Mich., 111. Ecology: Produce hardly perceptible

enlargements of base of lateral branches of Rosa, branches dying beyond galled area.
Rhodites nodnlosns Beutenmueller, 1909. Ent. News 20: 247. 9, gall.
oregonensis (Beutenmueller). Oreg. Ecology: Produce galls in buds of Rosa in spring, these
galls greatly distorting the buds.
Rhodites oregone>isis Beutenmueller, 1918. Canad. Ent. 50: 305. 9, gall.
ostensackeni (Beutenmueller). Oreg. Ecology: Produce root galls on Rosa nutkana.

Rhodites oste)isackeni Beutenmueller, 1918. Canad. Ent. 50: 307. 9, gall.
polita (Ashmead). Ariz., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce spherical, spiny leaf galls on Rosa
californica.
Rhodites polita Ashmead, 1890. Colo. Biol. Assoc, Bui. 1: 14. 9, 6, gall.
Rhodites occidentalis Beutenmueller, 1922. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 17: 45. 9, 6, gall.
pustulatoides (Beutenmueller). Va., Ind., Tenn., Colo., Utah, Oreg. Ecology: Produce small,
round or ovate galls on upper surface of Rosa leaves.
Rhodites pustulatoides Beutenmueller, 1914. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 9: 89. ♀, ♂.

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radicum (Osten Sacken). Ont. and Mass. to Va., w. to Sask., Wash., Oreg. Ecology: Produce

large, potatolike galls on roots or stems of Rosa at ground level; galls usually hidden by
soil surface litter.

Rhodites radicuui Osten Sacken, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 42, 45, 46. 9, J, gall.

Tribal ia hatatoriitii Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 470. ♀.

Rhodites utahensis Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 62. 9, d, gall.

DiploU'pis radicuui \a.r. John son i Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 67. 9, 6, gall.

Diplolcpix radiciDii var. plana Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 70. 9, gall.

Diplolepis radicum var. divergens Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 70. 9, 6, gall.

Diplolepis radicum var. angustior Hunter, 1923. Psyche 30: 173. 9, 6, gall.

rosae (Linnaeus). Que. to Va., w. to Kans.; Europe. Ecology: Produce large, 2-to 4-inch

diameter, spherical stem galls on Rosa eglanteria and R. rugo.sa; surface of gall densely

filamentous. Introduced from Europe, first found in Toronto, Ont. in 1868. Mossy rose

gall.
Ciinipn wsae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., Ed. 10, p. 553. 9, gall.
rosaefolii (Cockerell). Ont., N. Y., Ohio, Mich., 111. Ecology: Produce lentil-shaped leaf galls on

Rosa.
Rhodites rosaefolii Cockerell, 1889. Ent. Monthly Mag. 25: 324, 363. 9, gall.
Rhoditvs Iciiticnlaris Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 59. 9, 6, gall.
similis (Ashmead). Wyo., Colo., N. Mex. Ecology: Produce semi-spherical twig galls on Rosa;

surface of galls smooth.
Rhodites similis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 136. 9, d, gall.
spinosa (Ashmead). Ohio, Wis., 111., Man., Minn., Sask., Alta. Ecology: Produce irregularly

lobed, subterminal stem galls on Rosa; surface of galls densely spinose.
Rhodites spinosa Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 134. gall.
Rhodites spinosissima Gillette, 1889. Iowa Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 7: 284. Preocc. by Giraud,

1859.
Rhodites multispino.^a Gillette, 1890. Ent. Amer. 6: 25. 9, 6, gall.
terrigena Weld. Calif. Ecology: Produce subterranean galls at crown of Rosa plants; gall

rather shaped like a bunch of grapes.
Diplolepis terrigena Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 102: 320. 9, c5, gall.
tuberculatrix (Cockerell). N. Dak., Colo., N. Mex., Utah, Wash., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce

abrupt, semi-spherical stem galls on Rosa; galls with numerous cells and outer surface

bears scattered spines.
Rhodites tuberculator Cockerell, 1888. West. Amer. Sci. 4: 60. 9, gall.
Diplolepis tuberculatrix- var. coloradensis form coloradensis Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind.

Univ. Studies 53: 149. 9, d, gall.
Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. coloradensis form subcoloradensis Kinsey and Ayres, 1922.

Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 150. 9, gall.
Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. wasatchensis Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53:

153. 9, d,gall.
Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. versicolor Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 156.

9, gall.
Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. melanderi Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53:

156. 9, J, gall.

Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. rubriderma Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53:

157. 9, c^.gall.

Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. sierranensis Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53:

158. 9, cJ.gall.

Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. descansonis Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53:

159. 9, cJ,gall.

tumida (Bassett). Utah. Ecology: Produce terminal stem swellings on Rosa.
Rhodites tumidus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 60. 9, 6, gall.
Diplolepis tuberculatrix var. tumida form xerophila Kinsey and Ayres, 1922. Ind. Univ.
Studies 53: 151. 9, d, gall.

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variabilis (Bassett). N. Dak., N. Mex., Utah, Ariz., Wash., Oreg. Ecology: Produce irregularly
round, smooth, russet colored leaf galls on Rosa.

Rhodites variabilis Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 61. 9, 6, gall.

Rhodites globuloides Beutenmueller, 1907. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 23: 638. ♀.
variabilis var. lutescens Kinsey. Colo.

Diplolepis variabilis var. lutescens Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 77. ♀, ♂.
variabilis var. rufopicea Kinsey. Colo.

Diplolepis variabilis var. rufopicea Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 76. ♀, ♂.
variabilis var. sculpta Kinsey. Utah.

Diplolepis variabilis var. sculpta Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 75. ♀, ♂.

vema (Osten Sacken). P. E. I., Ont, s. to D. C. Ecology: Produce rounded enlargements of
small Rosa stems.

Rhodites vema Osten Sacken, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 41, 45, 47. 9 , d , gall.
weldi (Beutenmueller). Calif. Ecology: Produce clusters of leaf galls on Rosa.

Rhodites weldi Beutenmueller, 1913. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus 1: 93. S, gall.

Genus NEUROTERUS Hartig

Neuroterus Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 185, 192.

Type-species: Neuroterus politus Hartig. Desig. by Ashmead, 1903.
Spathegaster Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr. f. Ent. 2: 186.

Type-species: Spathegaster petioliventris Hartig. Monotypic.
Ameristus Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verb. 19: 330,333.

Type-species: Neuroterus polit2is Hartig. Desig. by Rohwer and Fagan, 1917.
Dolichostrophus Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 129 (footnote).

Type-species: Cynips irregularis Osten Sacken. Monotypic.
Neuroterus subg. Neospathegaster Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 28, 35, 121.

Type-species: Cynips vesicula Bassett. Orig. desig.
Neuroterus subg. Diplobius Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 27, 28-31, 35.

Type-species: Cynips Jloccosa Bassett. Orig. desig.
Neuroterus subg. Pseudoneuroterus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 28, 130.

Type-species: Cynips macropterus Hartig. Orig. desig.

Produce galls on white oaks only.

Neuroterus affinis (Bassett)
Conn. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus prinoides.

Cynips affinis Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 103. 9,

Neuroterus argentatus Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus gambelii, Q. oblongifolia.

Neuroterus argeyitatus Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 2. 9, gall.

Neuroterus bassettii Dalla Torre
Conn. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba.

Neuroterus pallipes Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 89. 9, 6, gall. Preocc. by
Schenck, 1863.

Neuroterus bassettii Dalla Torre, 1892. Wien. Ent. Ztg. 11: 131. N. name.

Neuroterus clarkeae Beutenmueller
Mass. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus alba.

Neuroterus clarkeae Beutenmueller, 1910. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 28: 132. 9,6, gall,

Neuroterus clavensis Weld
Colo., N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem gaUs on Quercus gambelii, Q.
subterminella.

Neuroterus clavensis Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 95: 3, 9, gall.

Neuroterus cockerelli Beutenmueller
Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus sp.

Neuroterus cockerelli Beutenmueller, 1910. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 28: 125. 9, gall.

Neuroterus congregatus Gillette
Colo. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus sp.

Neuroterus congregatus Gillette, 1893. Ent. News 4: 166. 6, gall.

Neuroterus consimilis Bassett
Conn. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus alba.

Neuroterus consimilis Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 335. 9, gall.

Neuroterus contortus (Weld)
Tex. Ecology: Produce galls at bases of sprouts of Quercus breviloba.

Xystoteras contorta Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 191, 209. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Xystoteras contortus, bisexual form principalis Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 92. ♀.
6, gall. Sexual gen.

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Neuroterus cupulae Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce galls in cup at base of acorn on Querciis lobata.

Neiiroterun cupulae Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 99. 9, gall.

Neuroterus distortus Bassett
Conn., N. Y., N. J., 111. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus bicolor.

NeuroteruN diatortuN Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 336. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus dubius Bassett
Conn. Call unknown.

Neuroterus dubia Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 335. ♀, ♂.

Neuroterus dubius
***authority mismatch
var. digressus Kinsey. Calif.

Neuroterus dubius var. digressus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 32, 96. ♀.

Neuroterus engelmanni Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus oigehnauni.

Neuroterus engelmanni Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 293. 9, gall.

Neuroterus escharensis Weld
111. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus bicolor.

Neuroterus escharensis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 5. 9, gall.

Neuroterus evanescens Kinsey
Tex. Ecology: Produce galls on aments of Quercus breviloba.

Neuroterus et'a)iesce)is Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 100. 9, cJ, gall.

Neuroterus evolutus Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. lobata.

Neuroterus evolutus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 6. 9, gall.

Neuroterus exiguissimus Bassett
Mass., Conn., N. Y., N. J., Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
alba.

Neuroterus exiguissi)uus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 332. 9, gall.

Neuroterus exiguus Bassett
Conn., N. Y., N. J., Va. Ecology: Produce galls on aments of Quercus stellata.

Neuroterus exiguus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 333. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus floccosus (Bassett)
Ont. to Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus bicolor.

Ci/nipsjloccosa Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 111. 9, gall.

Neuroterus uerrucanDu var. peniotus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 30, 74. 9, gall.

Neuroterus floricola Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus douglasii.

Neuroterus floricola Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 101. 9, cJ.gall.

Neuroterus floricomus Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce galls on aments of Quercus arizo7iica, Q.
oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. tounieyi.

Neuroterus floricomus Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 109. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus florulentus Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce galls on aments of Quercus duntosa, Q. lobata.

Neuroterus Jlorulentus Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 110. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus fragilis Bassett
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. dumosa.

Neuroterus fragil is Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 335. 9,6, gall.

Neuroterus pacificus Beutenmueller, 1918. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 13: 119. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus fugiens Weld
111. Ecology: Produces leaf galls on Quercus macrocarpa.

Neuroterus fugiens Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68: (10): 12. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus gillettei Bassett
Conn., Va. Ecology: Produces leaf galls on Quercus stellata.

Neuroterus Gillettei Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 334. 9, S, gall.

Neuroterus howertoni Bassett
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.
oblongifolia.

Neuroterus howertoni Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 90. 9, gall.

Neuroterus lamellae Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus subturbinella.

Neuroterus lamellae Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 109-110. 9, gall.

Neuroterus minutus (Bassett)
Mass., Conn., Ont., Pa., Va. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus alba.

Cgnips miuuta Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 96. 9, S, gall.

Neuroterus niger Gillette
Mass., Mich., Wis., Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus ntacrocarpa.

Neuroterus nigrum Gillette, 1888. Mich. State Bd. Agr., Rpt. 27: 475. 9, gall.

Neuroterus niger
***authority mismatch
var. alimas Kinsey. Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus virginia7ia.

Neuroterus niger var. alimas Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 30, 42. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus niger
***authority mismatch
var. arizonicae Kinsey. Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica.

Neuroterus niger var. arizonicae Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 30, 43. 9, gall.

Neuroterus niger
***authority mismatch
var. griseae Kinsey. Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus grisea.

Neuroterus niger var. griseae Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 31, 44. 9, gall.

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Neuroterus niger
***authority mismatch
var. nigripes Kinsey. Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercua breviloba, Q. stellata.

Neuroterus niger var. nigripes Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 14, 31, 45. 9, gall.

Neuroterus niger
***authority mismatch
var. pattersoni Kinsey. Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qiiercusi breviloba, Q.
stellata.
Neuroterus niger var. pattersoni Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 14, 31, 47. 9, 6, gall.

Sexual gen.
Neuroterus niger var. pattersoni, agamic form hiemalis Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies
58: 47. 9. Agamic gen.

Neuroterus noxiosus (Bassett)
Mass., Conn., s. to W. Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce galls on Querciis
bicolor, sexual generation on leaves, agamic generation on stems.
Cg)iips noxiosus Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 108. 9,6, gall. Sexual and agamic gen.
Neuroterus noxiosus form vernal is Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 337. ♀.
S , gall. Sexual gen.

Neuroterus pallidus Bassett
Conn., N. Y., N. J. Ecology: Produce galls on aments on Quercus bicolor.

Neuroterus pallidus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 88. 2, 6, gall.

Neuroterus papillosus Beutenmueller
N. Y., N. J., Ind., 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus bicolor.
Neuroterus papillosus Beutenmueller, 1910. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 28: 121. 9,6, gall.

Neuroterus perminimus Bassett
Ont., N. Y., Md., Va., Ohio, 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
alba.
Neuroterus perminimus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 332. 9,6, gall.

Neuroterus quercicola Dalla Torre
Utah. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus sp.

Neuroterus politus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 89. 6, gall. Preocc. by

Hartig, 1840.
Neuroterus quercicola Dalla Torre, 1892. Wien. Ent. Ztg. 11: 131. N. name.

Neuroterus quercicola
***authority mismatch
var. pubescens Kinsey. Ariz.

Neuroterus quercicola var. pubescens Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 114. 9, gall.

Neuroterus quercusbatatus (Fitch)
Conn., Ont., s. to Fla., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce stem galls on

Quercus alba, in both sexual and agamic generations.
Cijnips Quercus-batatus Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 810. ♀, ♂.

Sexual gen.
Cgnips q. batatus Fitch, 1864. In Bassett, Ent. Soc. Phiia., Proc 3: 684. 9, 6, gall.
Neuroterus batatus var. bisexuatis Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 334. ♀, ♂.

gall.

Neuroterus quercusbatatus
***authority mismatch
var. prini Kinsey. R. I. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus pri)ius.

Neuroterus batatus var. priui, bisexual form pri)ii Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 33,

88. 9 , gall. Sexual gen.
Neuroterus batatus var. prini, agamic form cleprini Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 89.

9, gall. Agamic gen.

Neuroterus quercusirregularis (Osten Sacken)
N. Y., w. to Mo., Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on

Quercus breviloba, Q. stellata. ^

Cipiips quercusirregularis Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 1: 65. 6, gall.
C'gnips irregularis Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 4: 340, 344, 349, 353, 379.

Neuroterus quercusirregularis
***authority mismatch
var. albipleurae Kinsey. Tex.

Neuroterus irregularis var. albipleurae Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 14, 34, 99. ♀.
gall.

Neuroterus quercusirregularis
***authority mismatch
var. variegatus Kinsey. Okla.

Neuroterus irregularis var. variegatus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 14, 35, 102. ♀.
6.

Neuroterus quercusmajalis (Bassett)
Ont. to Fla., w. to III., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
alba.
Cynips q. inajalis Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 3: 682. 9,6, gall.
Cj/nips ))iajalis Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 353.

Neuroterus quercusminutissimus (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Queirus virginiana.
Cgnips q. minutissima Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: Proc. p. vii. 9, gall.
Neuroterus niiuutissimus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 296.

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Neuroterus quercusrileyi (Bassett)
Mass. to Va., w. to Ind., Mo., Okla., Te.\. Ecology: Produce stem galls
on Que)-aiN nitiehlenbergii, Q. prinoides, Q. prinits.
Cynipn. q. rileiji Bassett, 1881. Amer. Nat. 15: 149. 9, gall.
Neurotents Rileiii Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc. Trans. 12: 296.

Neuroterus quercusrileyi
***authority mismatch
var. atripleurae Kinsey. Okla.

Neurotenis rilet/i var. atripleurae Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 32, 118. 9, gall.

Neuroterus quercusrileyi
***authority mismatch
var. mutatus Kinsey. Te.x.

Nenroterits rilet/i var. mutatus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 20, 32, 118. 9, gall.

Neuroterus quercusrileyi
***authority mismatch
var. thompsoni Kinsey. Mass.

Neuroteru.s thoiiipsoui Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 301. 9, d, gall.
Neuroterus rileiii var. tlio)iip.so}ii Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 32, 120.

Neuroterus quercusverrucarum (Osten Sacken)
N. Y. to Fla., w. to Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls
on Quercu.s breriloba, Q. cliap)iiani, Q. viacrocarpa, Q. stellaia.
Cipiips qitercus rerriicaru)ii Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 62. 9, gall.
Cijnipx rerrucaru)!! Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 354.

Neuroterus quercusverrucarum
***authority mismatch
var. inficiens Kinsey. Tex.

Neuroterus rerrucanDii var. iuficiena Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 14, 30, 71. ♀.
gall.

Neuroterus quercusverrucarum
***authority mismatch
var. macrocarpae Kinsey. Tex.

NeuroteruK verrucariDii var. }>iacrocarpae Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 30, 72. ♀.
gall.

Neuroterus quercusverrucarum
***authority mismatch
var. opacus Kinsey. Tex.

Neuroterus cerrucaru)ii var. opacus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 14, 15, 30, 73. ♀.
gall.

Neuroterus quercusverrucarum
***authority mismatch
var. pulvinus Kinsey. Tex.

Neuroterus cerrucanDii var. pulri)ius Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 11, 15, 30, 75.
9, gall.

Neuroterus quercusverrucarum
***authority mismatch
var. restrictus Kinsey. Fla.

Neuroterus rerrucaruiii var. restrictus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 14, 30, 77. ♀.
gall.

Neuroterus sadlerensis Weld
Oreg. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus sa(lleria)ia.

Neuroterus sadlereusis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 9. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus saltarius Weld
Mich., Ind., Minn., Iowa, Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
})iacrocarpa.
Neuroterus saltarius Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 11. 9, gall.

Neuroterus saltatorius (Edwards)
Tex., Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls in agamic and sexual

generations on Quercus arizonica, Q. douglasii, Q. duniosa, Q. garrijana, Q. lobata, Q.
stellata, Q. cirgiuiana.
Cynips Saltatorius Edwards, 1874. Pacific Rural Press 7: 97. 9, gall.
Neuroterus decipiens Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 292.
9,6, gall. Sexual gen.

Taxonomy: Rosenthal and Koehler, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 565-570.

Neuroterus saltatorius
***authority mismatch
var. australis Kinsey. Tex.

Neuroterus saltatorius var. australis Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 31, 51. 9, gall.

Neuroterus saltatorius
***authority mismatch
var. decrescens Kinsey. Ariz.

Neuroterus saltatorius var. decresceus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 31, 52. 9, gall.

Neuroterus saltatorius
***authority mismatch
var. texanus Kinsey. Tex.

Neuroterus saltatorius var. texanus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 31, 56.

Neuroterus tantulus Weld
Md. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba.

Neuroterus tautulus Weld, 1952. U. S, Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 321. 9, gall.

Neuroterus tectus Bassett
Mass., Conn., R. I., N. Y. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus prinoides.

Neuroterus tectus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 331. 9, c^, gall. Agamic gen.

Neuroterus tectus form abundans Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 339. ♀.
umbiiicatus Bassett. Conn., Ont., s. to Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus bicolor.

Neuroterus umbiiicatus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 330. 9, gall.

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Neuroterus varians Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus doiiglasii, Q. lobafa.

Neiiroterus variant Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 294. 9, gall.

Neuroterus vernus Gillette
Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qtierciis viacrocarpa.

Neuroferits venms Gillette, 1889. Iowa Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 7: 281. 9, gall.

Neuroterus vesicula (Bassett)
Ont. to Va., w. to III, Iowa, Tex. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
alba.
CynipH vexicula Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 97. 9, 6, gall.

Neuroterus vesicula
***authority mismatch
var. cerinus Kinsey. Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus stellafa.

Neiiroterus vesicula var. cerinus Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 15, 35, 125. ♀, ♂.
gall.

Neuroterus vesicula
***authority mismatch
var. ocularis Kinsey. Tex. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus stellata.

Neuroterus vesicula var. ocularis Kinsey, 1923. Ind. Univ. Studies 58: 15, 35, 126. ♀, ♂.
gall.

Neuroterus virgens Gillette
Colo. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. gambelii, Q.
subturbinella.

Neuroterus virgens Gillette, 1895. Ent. News 4: 166. 9,6, gall.

Neuroterus washingtonensis Beutenmueller
Wash. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus garryana.

Neuroterus wasliingtonensis Beutenmueller, 1913. Canad. Ent. 45: 280. 9, c^, gall.

Genus TRICHOTERAS Ashmead

Trichoterus Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 8: 67.

Type-species: Triclioteras coquilletti Ashmead. Monotypic.

Trichoteras californicum (Beutenmueller)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii, Q.
(luniosa.
Philonix califoniica Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 69. 9, gall.

Trichoteras coquilletti Ashmead
Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chrysolepis, Q.
ivilcoxii.
Triclioteras coquilletti Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 6: 68. 9, gall.

Trichoteras frondeum Weld
Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus clirysolepeis, Q. wilcoxii.

Triclioteras frondeunt Weld. 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 4. 9, gall.

Trichoteras perfulvum Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Triclioteras perfulvum Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 322. 9, gall.

Trichoteras rotundula Weld
Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chrysolepis, Q. wilcoxii.

Triclioteras rotundula Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 323. 9, gall.

Trichoteras tubifaciens (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus garryana.

Xanthoteras tubifaciens Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 53. 9, gall.

Trichoteras vacciniifoliae (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus vaccinifolia, Q.
chrysolepis.
Callirhytis vacciniifoliae Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 130. 9, gall.

Genus PHYLLOXERAS Ashmead

Phylloteras Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 8: 67.

Type-species: Biorhiza rubinus Gillette. Monotypic.
cupella (Weld). N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.
oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbinella.
Trigoua.^pis cupella Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 50. 9, gall.
rubinum (Gillette). N. Y., Md., Va., N. C, Mich., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus alba.
Biorhiza rubinus Gillette, 1888. Mich. State Bd. Agr., Rpt. 27: 472. 9, gall.
sigma Weld. N. Y., Md., D. C, Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba.
Phylloteras sigma Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 5. 9, gall.

Genus XYSTOTERAS Ashmead

Xystoteras Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 260.

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Type-species: Xt/stoferoN I'olutellae Ashmead. Monotypic.

Xystoteras nigrum (Fitch)
N. Y., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qitercus alba.

Biarhiza (!) uigm Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 782. ♀.

Acmspis politns Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 85. ♀.
poculutn (Osten Sacken). N. H., Vt., N. Y., Va., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
alba.

Cecidomyia poculiun Osten Sacken, 1862. Smithsn. Misc. Collect. 6: 201. Gall.

Xyi^totem.H poculidii Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mas., Proc. 61 (18): 7. 9, gall.

Ta.xonomy: Gagne, 1973. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 66: 858.

Xystoteras volutellae Ashmead
Kans. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on QiiercK.s )uacrocarpa.
Xy.^totems colutellae Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 260. 9, gall.

Genus XANTHOTERAS Ashmead

Xanthoteras Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 261.

Type-species: Biorliiza J'orticorHi.f Walsh. Orig. desig.

Xanthoteras eburneum (Bassett)
Colo., N. Me.x., Utah, Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qiierciis
reticulata, Q. snbniollis, Q. sitbtnrbiiiella.

Dti/oplunita ebu)-)n'n.s Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 10. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Dryoplia)ita .si mil is Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 71. 9, gall. Preocc. by Adler,
1881.

Dryophanta .■ii)iiilli)ii(i Dalla Torre, 1893. Cat. Hym., v. 2, p. 54. N. name.

Dryophanta ylabra Gillette, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 237. 9, gall.

Xanthoteras emoryi (Ashmead)
N. Me.x. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qitercu.'i sp.

Dri/opliaiita emoryi Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 115. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Xanthoteras fumosum (Weld)
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce root galls on QuerciLs gaiiibelii, Q.
reticulata, Q. .subiiiolli.'i, Q. subturbi)iella.

Triyouaspis fuiHO.'

Xanthoteras mediocre Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus subturbinella.

Xanthoteras wediocre Weld, 1930. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 32: 30. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Xanthoteras obconicum (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus douglasii.

Trigouaspis ohcouica Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 202. 9,6, gall. Sexual gen.

Xanthoteras ornatum (Kinsey)
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus breviloba.

Trigouaspis ornata Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 139. 9,6, gall. Sexual gen.

Xanthoteras politum (Bassett)
N. J. to Fla., w. to Mo., Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
cliap)iiaui, Q. stellata on coastal plains and inland lowlands.

Cynips polita Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 99. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

pulchellum (Beutenmueller). Oreg., Calif.

Dryophanta pulchella Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 357. 9. Sexual gen.

Xanthoteras pulchripenne (Ashmead)
Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.
oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbinella, Q. toutneyi.

Dryophanta pulchripennis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 115. 9, gall. Agamic
gen.

Dryophanta porterae Cockerell, 1900. Canad. Ent. 32: 91. 9, gall.

Xanthoteras pumiliventre (Bassett)
Colo., Utah. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus sp.

Dryophanta puniilivenfris Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 69. 6, 9. Sexual gen.

Belonocneiiia Colorado Gillette, 1893. Ent. News 4: 210. ♀.

Trigonaspis radicis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 113. 9, 6, gall.

Xanthoteras quercusforticorne (Walsh)
N. H. to Va., w. to Minn. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
alba.

Cynips q.forticornis Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 489. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Cynips (Tera.s)forticorHis Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 4: 340, 350, 353.

Taxonomy: Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 812.

Xanthoteras radicola (Ashmead)
Ont., N. Y., N. J., Pa., D. C, Va., Ind., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce root galls
on Quercus alba.
Dryophanta radicola Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 116. 9, gall. Sexual gen.

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Xanthoteras teres Weld
Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus diiviosa, Q. garryana.
Xanthoteras terea Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 52. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Xanthoteras teres
***authority mismatch
var. hildebrandae (Kinsey). Calif.

Cynips (A)itron) teres var. hildebrandae Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 217. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Genus PARACRASPIS Weld

Paracraapis Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 324.

Type-species: Callirhytis gtiadaloupensis Fullaway. Orig. desig.
guadaloupensis (Fullaway). Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chrysolepis, Q.
wilcoxii.

Callirhytin (jnadaloupennis Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 363. 9, gall.

Paracraspis insolens (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Acraspis iusolens Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 59. 9, gall.

Paracraspis patelloides (Trotter)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Andricusf patelloides Trotter, 1911. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 106. gall.

Acra.'tpis patelloides Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 60. 9, gall.

Genus ACRASPIS Mayr

Acraspis Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien. pp. 2, 29.

Type-species: Cijtiips pezouiaclioides Osten Sacken. Desig. by Rohwer and Fagan,
1917.

Acraspis alaria Weld
Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus gauibelii.

Acraspis alaria Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (18): 14. 9, gall.

Acraspis arida (Kinsey)
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus grisea.

Cynips (Acraspi.s) arida Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 313. 9, gall.

Acraspis bandero (Kinsey)
Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus gambelii.

Cynips (Acraspi.^) bandero Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 284. ♀.
gall.

Acraspis conica (Kinsey)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus gi-isea.

Cynips (Acraspis) conica Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 338. 9, gall.

Acraspis echini Ashmead
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus bicolor.

Acraspis echini Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 140. 9, gall.
Cynips (Acraspis) pezoniachoides var. echinoides Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p.
412. N. name, unneccessarily proposed.

Acraspis erinacei (Beutenmueller)
Ont. s. to Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce galls on Quercus alba,
sexual generation on the buds, agamic generation on leaves.
Philonix erinacei Beutenmueller, 1909. Amer. Mus. Natl. Hist., Bui. 26: 247. 9, gall.

Agamic gen.
Andricus fnlricollis form bicolens Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 354. ♀, ♂.
gall.

Taxonomy: Triggerson, 1914. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 7: 6. 9, 6, gall. Bisexual gen.

Acraspis gemula (Bassett)
N. Y., N. J., w. to Kans. Ecology: Produce galls on Quercus alba, Q.
uiichauxii, Q. ninehlotbergii, Q. pri)toides, sexual generation on the buds, agamic
generation on leaves.
Cynips gemula Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 104. 9,6, gall.

Acraspis gemula
***authority mismatch
var. cruenta (Kinsey). 111.

Cy>iips (Acraspis) geniuiula(l) var. cruenta Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 360.
9, gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis gemula
***authority mismatch
var. fuscata (Kinsey). Kans.

Cynips (Acraspis) gennnula(l) \ar. fuscata Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 362.
9, gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis gemula
***authority mismatch
var. suspecta (Kinsey). Ind.

Cynips (Acraspis) geunnulad) var. suspecta Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 364.
9, gall. Agamic gen.

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Acraspis hibrida (Kinsey)
Tenn. Ecology: Produce galls on leaves of Querc us alba.

Cyiiipn {Acraspi.s) liibrkia Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 273. ♀.
gall.

Acraspis hirtior (Kinsey)
Utah. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus utahensis.

Cynips (Acraspis) hirtior Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 286. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis inflata (Kinsey)
Ind. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba.

Cynips (Acraspis) inflata Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 274. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis longicornis (Bassett)
Conn. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus stellata.

Dryophanta longicornis Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 327. c5, 9. Se.xual gen.

Acraspis macrocarpae Bassett
Conn. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus niacrocarpa.

Acraspis macrocarpae Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 84. 9, gall. Agamic gen.
Acraspis undulata Gillette, 1893. Ent. News 4: 28. 9, gall. Agamic gen.
Cynips (Acraspis) hirta var. niacrescens Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 423. N.
name, unnecessarily proposed.

Acraspis pezomachoides (Osten Sacken)
Ont. s. to N. C, w. to Minn., Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls
on Quercus alba.
Cynips pezomachoides Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 250. 9, gall. Agamic
gen.

Acraspis pezomachoides
***authority mismatch
var. advena (Kinsey). Tenn.

Cynips (Acraspis) pezomachoides var. advena Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p.
409. 9 , gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis pezomachoides
***authority mismatch
var. cincturata (Kinsey). Colo.

Cynips (Acraspis) pezomachoides var. cincturata Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p.
377. 9 , gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis pezomachoides
***authority mismatch
var. derivatus (Kinsey). Ala.

Cynips (Acraspis) pezomachoides var. derivatus Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p.
391. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis pezomachoides
***authority mismatch
var. ozark (Kinsey). Mo.

Cynips (Acraspis) pezomachoides var. ozark Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 378.
9 , gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis pezomachoides
***authority mismatch
var. wheeleri (Kinsey). Mich.

Cynips (Acraspis) pezomachoides var. ivheeleri Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p.
380. 9 , gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis prinoides (Beutenmueller)
Mass., N. Y., N. J. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
prinoides.
Cynips (?) prinoides Beutenmueller, 1892. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, Bui. 4: 257. 9, gall.

Acraspis quercushirta (Bassett)
Conn. s. to Va., w. to 111., Te.\., Utah. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus chapmani, Q. macrocarpa, Q. michauxii, Q. prinus, Q. utahensis.
Ctjnips q. hirta Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 688. 9, gall. Agamic gen.
Cynips (Teros) hirta Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 340, 347, 353.

Acraspis quercushirta
***authority mismatch
var. obtrectans (Kinsey). Te.\.

Cynips (Acraspi.^) hirta var. obtrectans Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 420. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis quercushirta
***authority mismatch
var. opima (Kinsey). 111.

Cynips (Acraspi.s) hirta var. opima Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 421. 9, gall.

Agamic gen.

Acraspis quercushirta
***authority mismatch
var. packorum (Kinsey). Utah.

Cynips (Acraspi.s) hirta var. packorum Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 418. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis quercushirta
***authority mismatch
var. scelesta (Kinsey). Mich.

Cynips (Acraspi.s) hirta var. .scelesta Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 422. 9, gall.
Agamic gen.

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Acraspis ulterior (Kinsey)
Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus ga)iibelii.

Cynipii (Acm.spi.s) ulterior Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 294. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis villosa Gillette
N. Y., Mich., Iowa, Kans., Tex., Utah, Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus arizotiica, Q. grisea, Q. macrocarpa, Q. utahensin.
Acraspis villosus Gillette, 1888. Mich. State Bd. Agr., Rpt. 27: 474. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis villosa
***authority mismatch
var. apache (Kinsey). Ariz.

Ctptips (Acraspis) rillo.sa var. apache Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 352. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis villosa
***authority mismatch
var. calvescens (Kinsey). Utah.

Cytiips (Ac ran pis) villosa var. calcesce)ts Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 354. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis villosa
***authority mismatch
var. consocians (Kinsey). Kans.

Ct/iiips (Acraspis) cillosa var. consociaus Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 357. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Acraspis villosa
***authority mismatch
var. expositor (Kinsey). Tex.

Cipiips (Acraspis) rillosa var. expositor Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 351. ♀.
gall. Agamic gen.

Genus PHILONIX Fitch

PhiloHijL- Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr., Soc, Trans. 18: 783.

Type-species: Philouix fulcicollis Fitch. Desig. by Ashmead, 1903.

Philonix fulvicollis Fitch
N. Y., Mich., Tenn., 111., Kans. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba, Q.
chapmani, Q. macrocarpa. Specimens have been collected on snow in late autumn.
Philouix fulcicollis Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 783. 9. Agamic
gen.

Philonix fulvicollis
***authority mismatch
var. canadensis (Kinsey). Mich.

Cijuips (Philouix) fulcicollis var. cauadoisis Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 273.
9, gall.

Philonix fulvicollis
***authority mismatch
var. major (Kinsey). 111.

Cipiips (Philouix) fulcicollis var. major Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 257. ♀.
gall.

Philonix fulvicollis
***authority mismatch
var. rubricosa (Kinsey). Tenn.

Cyuips (Philouix) fulcicollis var. rubricosa Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 254.
9, gall.

Philonix fulvicollis
***authority mismatch
var. vorisi (Kinsey). Kans.

Cijuips (Philouix) fulcicollis var. vorisi Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 255. ♀.
gall.

Philonix gigas Weld
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus I y rata.

Philouix gigas Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (18): 12. 9, gall.

Philonix insulensis (Kinsey)
Wis., 111., Minn., Iowa, S. Dak., Nebr., Wyo., Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf
galls on Quercus ganibelii, Q. )uacrocarpa.
Cyuips (Philouix) iusuleusis Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 210.
9, gall (agamic gen.).

Philonix lanaeglobuli (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus sp., probably Q.
luichauxii.
Acraspis lauaeglobuli Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 139. 9, gall.

Philonix latigenae (Kinsey)
Utah. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on (Quercus utohoisis.

Cijuips (Philouix) latigenae Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 212. ♀.
gall.

Philonix nigra (Gillette)
Conn., Mich., Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba.
Acraspis niger Gillette, 1889. Iowa Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 7: 282. 9, gall.
Acraspis Gillettei Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 323. 9, gall.

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Philonix nigricollis Fitch
N. Y. Collected on snow before 1858 and not known to have been found or
reared since.
Philouix nifiricollis Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 783. ♀.

Ta.xonomy. Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 262 (syn. of fitlcicol I is Fitch).

Philonix pallipes (Bassett)
Conn., N. Y., Md., D. C, Va., 111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
alba.
Dnjophanta pallipes Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 327. 9, gall.

Ta.xonomy: Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 269 (se.xual form of fiilvicollis Fitch ?).

Genus LIODORA Foerster

Liodom Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verh. 19: 331, 334.
Type-species: Liodota sulcata Foerster. Monotypic.

Liodora apiarium Weld
D. C, Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qiiercus alba.

Liodom apiariutii Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 6. 9, gall.

Liodora clarkei (Bassett)
Mass., Mo. Ecology: Produce bud galls on QuercMs alba, Q. stellata.

Dniophanta clarkei Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 69. 9, 6, gall.

Dniophanta cesiciiloides Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 114. 9, 3, gall.

Liodora comata Weld
Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quoxus alba.

Liodom comata Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 325. 9,6, gall.

Genus DROS Kinsey

Dros Kinsey, 1937. Rev. Ent. 7: 49.

Type-species: Digs petasutii Kinsey. Orig. desig.
amphora (Weld). N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.
oblon(jifoHa.

Diplolepis aiiiphom Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68 (10): 17. 9, gall.

Dros atrimentum (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii.

Aiidricus atriiiientits Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 279. 9, S, gall.

Dros pedicellatum (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii.

Aiidricus pedicellatus Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, Bui. 46: 284. 9, 6, gall.

Dros sessile (Weld)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia.

Diplolepis sessilis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68 (10): 31. 9, gall.

Dros viscidum (Weld)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus oblongifolia.

Liodora uiscida Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 5. 9, gall.

Genus ADLERIA Rohwer and Pagan

Adieria Rohwer and Fagan, 1917. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 53: 359.
Type-species: Cynips kollari Hartig. Orig. desig.

The name Cynips was applied to this genus by Hartig and most other authors, but not Lin-
naeus and not Kinsey.

Taxonomy: Niblett, 1955. So. London Ent. and Nat. Hist. Soc, Proc. and Trans. 1953-54, p.
144 (Possible syn. of Aiidricus Hartig).

Adleria arizonica (Cockerell)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica.

Holcaspis arizonica Cockerell, 1902. Canad. Ent. 34: 183. 9, gall.

Adleria dimorpha (Beutenmueller)
N. Y., N. J., Md., Va., Mich., Ill, Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls
on Quercus alba, Q. luaciocarpa.
Cynips diniorplius Beutenmueller, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 245. 9, gall.

Adleria flavicollis (Ashmead)
III.

Cynips flaricollis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 133. ♀.

Adleria nigricens (Gillette)
N. Y., N. J., Va., Ohio, Mich., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus bicolor.

Cynips nigricens Gillette, 1888. Mich. State Bd. Agr., Rpt. 27: 473. 9, gall.

Andricus Aslnneadii Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 320. ♀.

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Adleria quercusstrobilana (Osten Sacken)
Ont., Mass. to Va., w. to 111., Iowa. Ecology: Produce stem
galls on QHe)XH.s bicolor, Q. niaovcarpa.

Cy>iip>> q. strobilana Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 254. gall.

Cynipx quercuif strobilana Osten Sacken, 1864. In Bassett, Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 690. ♀.

Cynips strobilana Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 345, 349, 350.

Adleria vacciniiformis (Beutenmueller)
Tex. Ecology. Produce leaf galls on QiiercHs stellata.

Cynips vacciniiformis Beutenmueller, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 247. 9, gall.

Adleria weldi (Beutenmueller)
Ont., Mass. to Va., w. to 111., Mo., Ark. Ecology: Produce leaf petiole
galls on Que reus alba.

Cynips weldi Beutenmueller, 1918. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 13: 118. 9, gall.

Genus AMPHIBOLIPS Reinhard

Aniphibolips Reinhard, 1865. Berlin Ent. Ztschr. 9: 10.

Type-species: Cynips spongifica Osten Sacken. Orig. desig.
Trissamlriciis Kieffer," 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 115.

Type-species: Trissa)ulricHs niaculipennis Kieffer. Monotypic.

Revision: Beutenmueller, 1909. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 26: 47-66.

Amphibolips acuminata Ashmead
Atlantic and Gulf Coast plains, Mississippi Valley n. to Mo. Ecology:
Produce bud and stem galls on Qiiercus cinerea, Q.falcata.
Aniphibolips acnniinata Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 126. 9, gall.

Amphibolips arcuata (Kieffer)
Ga. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Querciis sp.

Callirhytis arcuata Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 341. ♀.

Amphibolips confluenta (Harris)
Mass., Ont. to Va., w. to III., Iowa, Kans. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
red oaks.
Cynips co)ifhie)ttus Harris, 1841. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 397. 9, gall.
Cynips aciculata Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 56. 9, gall.

Amphibolips cookii Gillette
Ont. to Va., w. to Mich., Wis., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
rubra.
Aniphibolips cookii Gillette, 1888. Mich. State Bd. Agr., Rpt. 27: 475. 9, gall.

Amphibolips gainesi Bassett
Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus laurifolia.
Aniphibolips Gainesi Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 322. 9, gall.

Amphibolips globulus Beutenmueller
N.J. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus marilandica.

Aniphibolips globulus Beutenmueller, 1909. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, Bui. 26: 60. 9, gall.

Amphibolips globus Weld
Va. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus palusfris.

Aniphibolips globus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 325. 9, d, gall. Sexual gen.
and female of agamic gen.

Amphibolips gumia Kinsey
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus evioryi, Q. hypoleuca.

Aniphibolips gumia Kinsey, 1937. Rev. Ent. 7: 437. 9, gall.

Amphibolips melanocera Ashmead
Fla. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus yiigra.

Amphibolips melanocera Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 299, 303. 6, gall.

Amphibolips murata Weld
Fla. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus cinerea, Q. laurifolia, Q. myrtifolia,
Q. puniila.
Amphibolips murata Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 111-112. 9, gall.

Amphibolips nigra Beutenmueller
Ariz.; Mexico. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus evioryi, Q.
hypoleuca.
Amphibolips nigra Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 198. ♀.

Taxonomy: Beutenmueller, 1917. Canad. Ent. 49: 348 (gall).

Amphibolips nubilipennis (Harris)
Mass. to Va., w. to Mich., 111., Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on red
oaks.
Cynips nubilipennis Harris, 1841. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 399. 9, gall
Cyiiips q. sculptus Bassett, 1863. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 2: 324. 9, S, gall.

Amphibolips quercuscinerea (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus cinerea.
Cynips q. cinerea Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xix. 9, gall.
Amphibolips cinerea Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.

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Amphibolips quercuscitriformis (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Qiierciis pliellos.

Cynipfi q. cifrifoDiiis Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xxviii. 9, gall.

A)iipliibolips citrifoniiis Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.

Amphibolips quercuscoelebs (Osten Sacken)
Mass., N. Y., D. C, Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
cocciuea.

Cynips quercus coelebs Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 61. 3, gall.

Cyiiips coelebs Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 340, 345, 348, 355.

Amphibolips quercusfuliginosa (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on QHeicns lanrifolia.

Ctpiip-s q. fidKjinosa Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: Proc. p. vii. 9, gall.

A)iiplilbolips fnliyiHOsa Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.

Amphibolips quercusilicifoliae (Bassett)
Mass., Conn., N. Y., N. J., Pa., Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus ilicifolia.

Cynips q. ilicifoliae Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 3: 681. 9,6, gall.

Cytiips Ilicifoliae Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 340, 355.

Amphibolips quercusinanis (Osten Sacken)
Ont. s. to Va. w. to Wis., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus rubra.

Cynips q. inanis Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 1: 242, 247. 9, gall.

Cynips inanis Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 4: 344, 347, 354.
quercusjugians (Osten Sacken). Mass. to Va., w. to Iowa, Mo. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on
red oaks.

Cynips q. juglans Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 255. gall.

Cynips q. prunus Walsh and Riley, 1869. Amer. Ent. 1: 104. 9, gall.

Amphibolips quercusracemaria (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus lanrifolia.

Cynips q. raceiuaria Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xxvi. 9, gall.

Aniphibolips raceniaria Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.

Amphibolips quercusspongifica (Osten Sacken)
Ont. to Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus cocciuea, Q. niarilandica, Q. celutina.

Cynips q. spoufjifica Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 1: 244, 247. 9, gall.

Cynips spongifica Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 4: 340, 344, 347, 354.

Cynips q. coccineae Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 243. 9, gall.

Ainpliibolips Caroli)te)tsis Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 85. 9, gall.

A)Hpliibolips longiconiis Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 321. 9, gall.

Tris.tandricus niaculipennis Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 115. ♀.

Amphibolips spinosa Ashmead
Fla. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Querciis laurifolia.

Aniphibolips spinosa Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 141. 9, gall.

Amphibolips tinctoriae Ashmead
N. Y. to Va., w. to 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
cocci)iea, Q. celutina.

Aniphibolips tinctoriae Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 125. 9, gall.

Amphibolips trizonata Ashmead
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus enioryi, Q.
hijpoleuca.

Aniphibolips trizonata Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 125. 9, i, gall.

Genus ANDRICUS Hartig

Andricus Hartig, 1840 (1839). Ztschr f. Ent. 2: 185, 190.

Type-species: Andricus noduli Hartig. Desig. by Foerster, 1869.
Aphilothrix Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verh. 19: 331, 336.

Type-species: Cynips corticis Linnaeus. Monotypic
Manderstjernia Radoszkowski, 1886. Soc. Nat. Moscou, Bui. 39: 304.

Type-species: Manderstjernia paradoxa Radoszkowski. Monotypic.
Euschniitzia Dettmer, 1925. Naturhist. Maand. Maastricht 14: 122.

Type-species: Euschniitzia rara Dettmer. Monotypic.
Oncaspis Dettmer, 1925. Naturhist. Maand. Maastricht 14: 123.

Type-species: Oncaspis filigranata Dettmer. Monotypic.
Eusymphagus Dettmer. 1930. Broteria, Rev. Luso-Brazil., Ser. Zool. 26: 54-57.

Type-species: Eusymphagus bellus Dettmer. Monotypic
Druon Kinsey, 1937. Rev. Ent. 7: 56.

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Type-species: Druon protagion Kinsey. Orig. desig.
Femuros Kinsey, 1937. Rev. ent. 7: 65.

Type-species: Fenniros repandae Kinsey. Orig. desig.
Feron Kinsey, 1937. Rev. Ent. 7: 69.

Type-species: Fewn verutiou Kinsey. Orig. desig.
Conobim Kinsey, 1938. Ind. Acad. Sci., Proc. 47: 262.

Type-species: Conobiiis striies Kinsey. Orig. desig.

Andricus aciculatus Beutenmueller
Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus stellata.

AyulricuK aciculatus Beutenmueller, 1909. Ent. News 20: 247. 9, gall.

Andricus albicomus Weld
Oreg. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercufi garryana.

Anclricus albicomus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 328. 9, gall.

Andricus albobalani Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. duuiosa, Q.
lobata.
Anch-icus albobalani Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 68. 9, gall.

Andricus biconicus Weld
D. C, Va., w. to Mo., Ark., Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
stellata.
Audricus bicouicus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 68. 9, gall.

Andricus bracteatus Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia, Q.
reticulata, Q. touuieiji.
Audricus bracteatus Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 7. 9, gall.

Andricus brunneus Fullaway
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. dumosa, Q.
garrtjaua, Q. lobata.
Audricus bruniieus Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 353. 9, gall.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 327 (gall).

Andricus caepula (Weld)
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus ai-izonica, Q.
oblo)igifolia, Q. subturhiuella.
Diplolepis caepula Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 19. 9, gall.

Andricus capillatus (Weld)
Md., D. C, Va. w. to III, Mo., Ark. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
alba .
Diplolepis capillata Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 20. 9, gall.

Andricus cellularius Gillette
Colo. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus undulata.
Audricus cellularius Gillette, 1892. Ent. News 3: 247. 9, gall.
Neurotems cellula (!) Gillette, 1902. In Mayr, Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verb. 52: 289.

Andricus chico Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus lobata.

Andricus chico Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 328. 9, gall.

Andricus chinquapin (Fitch)
Conn., N. Y. to Va., w. to 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
alba, Q. bicotor, Q. priuoides.
Figites chinquapin Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 820. 9, gall.
Cgnips quercus fusifonn is Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 61. 9, gall.
C'ljnips capsnlaBasseit, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 101. 9, 6, gall.

Andricus chrysobalani Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Audricus chrysobalani Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 71. 9, gall.

Andricus chrysolepidicola (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls in agamic generation, bud
galls in sexual generation, on Quercus douglasii, Q. dumosa, Q. garryana, Q. lobata.
Originally described incorrectly as producing galls on Quercus chrysolepis.
Cynips chrysolepidicola Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 124. 9, gall.
Cynips kelioggi Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 345. 9, gall.
Cynips rufescens McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser., Biol. Sci.

3(1): 21. 9, gall.
Plagiotrichus (!) chn/solepidicola var. diniinuens Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 114.

9, gall.
Plagiotrichus (!) chnisolepidicola var. alutaceus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 116.

9, gall.
Plagiotrichus (!) chn/solepidicola var. atriciiictus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 117.
9, gall.

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Plagiotrichus (!) chrysolepidicola var. compositus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 118.
9, gall.

Biology: Burdick, 1967. Pan-Pacific Ent. 43: 227-231.

Andricus chrysolepidicola
***authority mismatch
var. garryanae (Kinsey). Oreg. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qnercus
garryana.
Plagiotrichus (!) chryaolepidicola var. garryanae Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 121.
$.gall.

Andricus chrysolepidicola
***authority mismatch
var. pugnoides (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
lobata.
Plagiotrichus (!) chrysolepidicola var. pugnoides Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 120.
9, gall.

Andricus chrysolepidicola
***authority mismatch
var. pugnus (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus lobata.
P lag iot rich us(l) chrysolepidicola var. pugnus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 120. ♀.
gall.

Andricus cinnamomeus Ashmead
Fla. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus chapinani.
Andricus cinna»io))ieiis Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 137. 9, gall.
Andricus calycicola Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 141. 9, gall.

Andricus confertus
***authority mismatch
MeCracken and Egbert. Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus lobata.

Andricus co)ifertus MeCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser., Biol.
Sci. 3 (1):3"2. 9, gall.

Andricus coortus Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. duniosa.

Andricus coortus Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 8. 9, gall.

Andricus coronus Beutenmueller
N. Y., D. C, Va., Ga., Ala. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
palustris, Q. phellos.
Andricus coro)iHs Beutenmueller, 1907. Amer. Mus. Natl. Hist., Bui. 23: 464. 9, gall.

Andricus costatus Weld
Colo., N. Me.\., Ariz. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus fendleri, Q.
ganibelii, Q. subtiirbinella.
Andricus costatus Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 9. 9, gall.

Andricus crassicornis (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus sp.

Callirhytis cra.s.sicornis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 130. 9, gall.

Andricus crenatus Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus diwiosa, Q. douglasii.

Andricus crenatus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 330. 9, gall.

Andricus crystallinus Bassett
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. dujnosa, Q.
garryana.
Andricus crystallinus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 319. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Biology: Doutt, 1960. Pan-Pacific Ent. 36: 167-170 (female, male, gall; sexual gen. on leaves of

Quercus douglasii).

Andricus deciduatus Weld
111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus bicolor.

Andricus deciduatus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 72. 9, gall.

Andricus discalis (Weld)
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus subtiirbinella.

Diplolepis discalis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68 (10): 24. 9, gall.

Andricus discularis (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus garryana.

Diplolepis discularis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 25. 9, gall.

Andricus ellipsoidalis (Weld)
Va. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus falcata, Q. palustris.

Aniphibolips ellipsoidalis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68 (10): 105. 9, gall.

Andricus femoratus Ashmead
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus laurifolia, Q. phellos.

Andricus feinorat us Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 141. 9, gall.

Andricus fimbrialis Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. dumosa, Q. lobata.

Andricus fimbrialls Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 74. 9, 6, gall.

Andricus flavohirtus Beutenmueller
N. J., 111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus bicolor.

Andricus Jlai'ohirtus Beutenmueller, 1913. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus 1: 124. 9, gall.

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Andricus foliaformis Gillette
N. Y., Mich., Ill, Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba, Q.
bicolor, Q. viacrocarpa.
An(h-icHsfoliafon)n>i Gillette, 1888. Mich. State Bd. Agr., Rpt. 27: 471. 9, gall.
AndricmfolioHus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 76. 9,
Taxonomy: Weld, 1967. Ln Krombein and Burks, U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2, Supp. 2:

283.

Andricus formosalis Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus einoryi.

AndricuHfonnosalis Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 10. 9, gall.

Andricus fullawayi Beutenmueller
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus lobata.

Andricus fullawayi Beutenmueller, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 244. 9, gall.

Andricus furnessulus Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia.

AmlricusfHrnessnlns Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 12. 9, gall.

Andricus howertoni Bassett
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus subturbinella.

Andricus Howertoni Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 82. 9, gall.
ignotus (Bassett). Mass., Conn., 111., Minn. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus bicolor, Q.
niucrocarpa.

Ci/nips iynota Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 106. 9, gall.

Andricus incertus Bassett
Conn., 111. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus bicolor.

A)idricns incertus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 317. ♀.

Andricus finibriatus Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 29. 9, gall.

Andricus incognitus Weld
Conn. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus stellata.

Andricus ignotus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 317. ♀. Preocc. by Bassett,
1881.

Andricus incof/nitus Weld, 1951. U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2: 634. N. name.

Andricus indistinctus Bassett
Ohio. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus alba.

Andricus indistinctus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 81. 9, gall.

Andricus kingi Bassett
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls in agamic and sexual generations on Quercus
douglasii, Q. duinosa, Q. garryana, Q. lobata.

Andricus Kingi Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 316. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Andricus pistillaris Trotter, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 117. 9, gall.

Liodora duniosae Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 111. 9, S, gall. Sexual gen.

Taxonomy: Rosenthal and Koehler, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 565-570.

Andricus lasius (Ashmead)
Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus clirysolepis, Q. wilcoxii.
Callirhytis lasius Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 132. 9, gall.

Andricus lasius
***authority mismatch
var. areolaris Kinsey. Calif.

A)idricus lasius var. areolaris Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 19. 9, gall.

Andricus lasius
***authority mismatch
var. sublasius Kinsey. Calif.

Andricus lasius var. sublasius Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 19. 9, gall.

Andricus mamillaformis (Weld)
Md., Va., N. C, 111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus alba.

Callirhytis niamillafornns Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68 (10): 96. 9, gall.

Andricus maxwelli Bassett
Tex. Ecology: Produce twig galls on Quercus sp.

Andricus Ma.vn-elli Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 83. 9, 6, gall.

Andricus mendocinensis Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce subterranean galls, probably on the roots, on
Lithocarpus densiflora, the tanbark oak.
Andricus mendocinensis Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 112. 9, gall.

Andricus montezuma Beutenmueller
Ariz.; Mexico. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizonica,
Q. oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. tounieyi.
Andricus niontezunius Beutenmueller, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 243. ♀.

Ta.xonomy: Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 306 (gall).

Andricus multicostatus Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus subturbinella.
Andricus multicostatus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 102: 331. 9, gall.

Andricus murtfeldtae Ashmead
N. J. to S. C, w. to Mo., Tex. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
stellata.
Andricus murtfeldtae Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 117. 6, gall.

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Taxonomy: Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 78 (female).

Andricus occultatus (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Qnerciis dougla-sii, Q. dn))io,sa, Q.
lobata.
Diplolepis occultatus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 28. 9, gall.

Andricus opertus (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Querciin douglasii, Q. lobata.

Calliryhtin nigra Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 362. ♀. Preocc. by Tavares,

1902. Gall described originally for nigra Fullaway is another sp.
Diplolepix operta Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 29. 9, gall.
Andricits )iigridinx Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 11. N. name for nigra Fullaway.

Andricus parmula Bassett
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qiiercus douglasii, Q. duniosa, Q.
engelnianni, Q. garrijana, Q. lobata.
Andriciis parninla Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 312. 9, gall.
Drijophanta discus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 326. 9, gall.

Andricus pattersonae Fullaway
Wash., Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qnercus douglasii, Q.
duinosa, Q. garri/ana, Q. lobata.
Andricus pattersonae Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 352. 9, gall.

Andricus pattoni (Bassett)
Conn, to Fla., w. to Okla., Te.x. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
stellata.
Cynips pattoni Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 98. 9, gall.

Andricus pilula Bassett
Utah. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus gatnbelii.

Andricus (Callirhytis) pilula Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 77. 9, gall.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 332 (male).

Andricus pilularis Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizo}iica, Q. ganibelii, Q.
oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbinella, Q. toutneyi.
Andricus pilularis Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 102: 333. 9, 6, gall.

Andricus pisiformis Beutenmueller
N. J. , Md., Va., Fla., 111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
alba, Q. bicolor.
Andricus pisifonnis Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 70. 9, gall.

Andricus prescotti Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. gainbelii, Q.
oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbinella.
Andricus prescotti Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 331. 9, gall.

Andricus projectus Weld
Oreg. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus clirysolepis.

Andricus projectus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 329. 9, gall.

Andricus pulchellus Bassett
Conn. Ecology: Probably produce stem or leaf galls on Quercus prinoides.

Andricus pulchellns Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 314. ♀.

Andricus quercuscalifornicus (Bassett)
Wash., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
douglasii, Q. du)nosa, Q. oigehnanni, Q. garryana, Q. lobata.
Cynips q. californicus Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 51. 9, gall.
Andricus (Callirliijti.'i) californicus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.
Andricus spongiola Gillette, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 235. 9, gall.

Andricus californicus \ar.fructifortnis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 12. 9, gall.
Andricus californicus var. interniedius Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 14. 9, gall.

Andricus quercusflocci (Walsh)
Mass. to N. C, w. to Mich., 111., Mo., Ark. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus alba.
Cynips quercus flocci Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 482. 9, gall.
Cynips (Aiidricusn flocci Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 4: 348,352.

Taxonomy: Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 814 (gall).

Andricus quercusfoliatus (Ashmead)
Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., Tex. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
virginiana.
Cynips q.foliata Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xii. 9, gall.
Andricus (Andricus) foliatus Ashmead. 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Andricus quercusformosus (Bassett)
Conn. s. to Fla., w. to 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce stem galls on
Quercus cinerea, Q; coccinea, Q. nmrilandica, Q. phellos, Q. rubra.
Cynips q.fonnosa Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3:679. 9, gall.
Cynips fonnosa Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 4: 341, 345, 349.

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Cijnips q. capnitala Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: Proc. p. ix 9, gall.

Andricus quercuslanigera (Ashmead)
Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., La., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Que re UN cirgiukoia.

Cynips q. Icniigent Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xiii. 9, gall.

AndricuH (A)tdricus) kniigem Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Andricus quercusostensackenii (Bassett)
Conn, to Va., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quemis
coccinea, Q. palu-stris.

CijnipH q. Osfen Sackenii Bassett, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 2: 327. 9, c5, gall.

Cynips Osteu Sackenii Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 4: 345, 348, 355.

Andricus quercuspetiolicola (Bassett)
Mass. to Va., w. to Tenn., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus alba and other white oaks.

Cyuipx q. petiolicola Bassett, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 2: 325. 9, d, gall.

Cynips (Andricus) petiolicola Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 4: 339, 346, 349.

A)i
Andricus cicatricula Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 80. 9, 6, gall.

Andricus concolomns Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 302. 9,6, gall.

Andricus quercussingularis (Bassett)
Maine, Que. s. to N. C. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
rubra.
Cynip.s q. xingularis Bassett, 1863. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 2: 326. 9,6, gall.
Cynips siugularis Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 4: 345, 348, 355.

Andricus quercusutriculus (Bassett)
Conn, to Fla., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercun
alba, Q. chapiiiani, Q. stellata.
Cynips q. utricula Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 78. 9, 6, gall.
Andricus (Andricus) utriculus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.
A)idricus pruinosus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 311. 9, gall.

Andricus reniformis McCracken and Egbert
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus chrysolepis,
Q. vacci)iifolia.
Andricus reuifor))iis McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser., Biol.
Sci. 3(1):31. 9, gall.

Andricus reticulatus
***authority mismatch
Bassett. N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.
ga)nbelii, Q. oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbinella, Q. tounieyi.
Andricus (Callirliytis) reticulata Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 74. 9, gall.

Andricus rhizoxenus (Ashmead)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus reticulata.

Callirliytis rhizoxenus Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 132. 9, gall.

Andricus robustus Weld
D. C, Va. to Fla., w. to Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
stellata.
Andricus robustus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68 (10): 81. 9, gall.

Andricus rugatus Weld
Mo., Ark. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus lyrata.

Andricus rugatus Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 68(10): 82. 9, gall.

Andricus ruginosus Bassett
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus fendleri, Q.
gain beta.

Andricus (Callirliytis) ruginosus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 75. 9, gall.

Andricus scutella Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus ganibelii, Q. subturbinella.

Andricus scutella Weld, 1930. Ent. Soc, Wash., Proc 32: 29. 9, gall.

Andricus spectabilis Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Andricus spectabilis Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 289. 9, gall.

Andricus spectabilis
***authority mismatch
var. incisus Kinsey. Calif.

Andricus spectabilis var. incisus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 45. ♀.

Andricus spectabilis
***authority mismatch
var. ukiahensis Kinsey. Calif.

Andricus spectabilis var. ukiahensis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 46. ♀.

Andricus spicatus (Bassett)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia, Q.
tounieyi.

Loxaulus spicatus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 329. 9, gall.
spiendens Weld. Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus grisea, Q. subturbinella.

Andricus spiendens Weld, 1919. Canad Ent. 51: 254. 9, gall.

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Andricus stellaris Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qiiercnn dotiglanii, Q. garnjcnta.

Aiidricm stellaris Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68(10): 84. 9, gall.

Andricus stramineus Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qncrcns ohiongifolia.

A)nlricns strain incus Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 13. 9, gall.

Andricus stropus Ashmead
Va. to Fla., w. to Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
stellata.

AudricKs stropus Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 136. 9, gall.

Aiidriciis atropiis (!) Ashmead, 1910. /*; Smith, N. J. State Mus. Rpt. for 1909, p. 602.

Andricus sulfureus (Weld)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qiicrcns urizotiica, Q. oblongifolia.

Diplolepis sulfureus WekC 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10); 33. 9, gall.

Andricus tecturnarum Kinsey
N. Me.x., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizo)iica, Q.
gaiiibelii, Q. ublougifolia, Q. subturhiuella, Q. touiiieifi.

Andricus tednrnaruui Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 312. 9, gall.

Andricus tenuicornis (Bassett)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizouica.

diiiips teiiuicoruis Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 92. 9, gall.

Andricus toumeyi Weld
N. Me.\., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus subturbinella, Q.
touniei/i.

Audricus touweiji Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 85. 9, gall.

Andricus tubalis Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizo)iica, Q. ohiongifolia.

Andricus tubalis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 86. 9, gall.

Andricus tubularius Weld
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus subturbinella.

Andricus tubularius Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 87. 9, gall.

Andricus verensis Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus du)nosa, Q. garrgana.

Andricus rem us Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 13. 9, gall. Preocc. by Bassett,
1900.

Andricus rerensis Weld, 1951. U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2: 636. N. name.

Andricus vernus
***authority mismatch
(Bassett). Conn. Ecology: Specimen collected ovipositing in buds o{ Quercus ilicifolia.

Ainphibolips rerna Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 321. ♀.

Andricus wheeleri Beutenmueller
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.
oblo)igifolia, Q. subturbinella, Q. toumeyi.

Andricus wheeleri Beutenmueller, 1907. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 23: 464. 9, gall.

Andricus wiltzae Fullaway
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus duinosa, Q. lobata.
Audricus wiltzae Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 353. 9, gall.

Genus BESBICUS Kinsey

Cgnips subg. Besbicus Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 222.

Type-species: Cgnips (Besbicus) )iiulfipu)ictafa var. conspicua Kinsey. Orig. desig.

Besbicus conspicuus (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. lobata.

Ct/uips (Besbicus) uiultipunctata var. conspicua Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p.

'229. 9, gall.
C gulps conspicua Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 42.

Besbicus heldae (Fullaway)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus lobata.
Cgnips heldae Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer.. Ann. 4: 345. 9, gall.

Besbicus indictus (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii.

Ci/uips (Besbicus) uiultipunctata var. indicia Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p.

'228. 9, gall.
Cgnips (Besbicus) indicia Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 324.

Besbicus leachii (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus garrgana.

Ci/nips (Besbicus) inirabilis var. leachii Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 238. ♀.

gall.
Cgnips (Besbicus) leachii Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 325.

Besbicus maculosus (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus du)iiosa.
Cgnips maculosa Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 63. 9, gall.

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Besbicus mirabilis (Kinsey)
B. C, Wash., Oreg. Ecology: Produce leaf galls in agamic generation, bud
galls in sexual generation, on Qitercus garryana.
Cynips mimbilin Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 50. 9, gall.

Biology: Evans, 1967. Canad. Ent. 99: 187-196.

Besbicus multipunctatus (Beutenmueller)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus douglasii.

Dryophuntu nndtipunctata Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 67. 9, gall.

Besbicus tritior (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus (himosn, Q. clumta.

CynipH (BesbicuH) )nuculoHa var. tritior Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 235. ♀.

gall.
Cynips {BesbicuN) tritior Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 325.

Genus ATRUSCA Kinsey

Cynips subg. Atrusca Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 276.

Type-species: Cynips {Atnisca) dugesi var. si}nulatrix Kinsey. Orig. desig.

Atrusca aggregata (Weld)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizo)iica, Q. oblongifolia, Q.
tounieifi.
Diplolepis (iggreguta Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 15. 9, gall.

Atrusca bella (Bassett)
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.
oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbinella, Q. toumeyi.
Ci/nips bella Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 93. 9, gall.
Holcaspis niaculipennis Gillette, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 236. 9, gall.

Atrusca brevipennata (Gillette)
Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus fendleri, Q. gambelii, Q.
subturbinella.
Holcaspis brecipennata Gillette, 1893. Ent. News 4: 31. 9, gall.
Andricus pellucidus Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 309. 9, gall.

Atrusca capronae (Weld)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus subturbinella.

Diplolepis capronae Weld, 1930. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 32: 29. 9, gall.

Atrusca catena (Kinsey)
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus grisea.

Cynips catena Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 102. 9, gall.

Atrusca cava (Weld)
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus breviloba.

Diplolepis cava Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 22. 9, gall.

Atrusca clivorum (Kinsey)
Ohio. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus stellata.

Cynips (Atrusca) coitricola var. cliroruni Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 300. ♀.
gall.

Cynips cliroruni Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 181.

Atrusca congesta (Kinsey)
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus grisea.

Cynips (Atrusca) bella var. congesta Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 292. 9, gall.

Cynips co)igesta Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 171.

Atrusca cubitalis (Kinsey)
Colo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus gambelii.

Ci/nips (Atru.'ica) cubitalis Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 107. ♀.
gall.

Atrusca pupoides (Kinsey)
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus grisea.

Ci/nips (Atrusca) dugesi var. pupoides Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 284. ♀.
gall.

Cynips pupoides Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 92.

Atrusca quercuscentricola (Osten Sacken)
N. J. s. to N. C, w. to Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce

leaf galls on Quercus stellata.
Cynips quercuscentricola Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 58. 9, gall.
Cynips centricola Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 339, 345, 347.
Cynips quercus-rubrae Karsch, 1880. Ztschr. f. Gesam. Naturw. 53: 293. 9, gall.

Atrusca simulatrix (Kinsey)
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.

gambelii, Q. grisea, Q. oblo)igifolia, Q. undnlata.
Cijnips (Atru.sca) dugesi var. simulatrix Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 280. ♀.

gall.
Cynips siinnlatrix Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 131.

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Atrusca strians (Kinsey)
111. Ecology; Produce leaf galls on Querciis stellata.

Cynipfi (AtruNca) centricola var. >itnans Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 304. ♀.

gall.
Cynips nfnans Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 181.

Atrusca subnigra (Kinsey)
N. Mex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qitercus grisea.

Cynips (Atntsca) subnigra Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 140. ♀.
gall.

Atrusca vanescens (Kinsey)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus grisea.

Cynips (Atrusca) bella var. vanescens Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 292. ♀.

gall.
Cynips ra)iescens Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 178.

Genus DISHOLCASPIS Dalla Torre and Kieffer

Holcaspis Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien. p. 35.
founieyi.

Type-species: Cynips globulus Fitch. Desig. by Ashmead, 1903.
Dishokaspis Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1910. Das Tierreich, v. 24, p. 371. N. name.

Known only from agamic females emerging in the late fall from oak galls. The se.xual genera-
tion for these species is unknown, or at least unrecognized. Members of this genus are known
from North America only.

Revision: Beutenmueller, 1909. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 26: 29-45.

Disholcaspis acetabula Weld
Colo. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus gambelii, Q. reticulata, Q.
suhturhinella, Q. tounieyi.
Disholcaspi.s acetabula Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 194. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis bassetti (Gillette)
Ohio, Mich., 111. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus bicolor, Q.
niacrocarpa.
Holcaspis bussctti Gillette, 1888. Mich. State Bd. Agr., Rpt. 27: 472. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis brevinota Weld
Tex. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus breviloba.

Disholcaspis brcrinota Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 197. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis canescens (Bassett)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. du)nosa, Q.
lobata.
Holcaspis canescens Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. See, Trans. 17: 66. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis chrysolepidis (Beutenmueller)
Calif. Ecology: Produce twig galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Holcaspis chrysolepidis Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 68. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis cinerosa (Bassett)
Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus virginiana.

Cynips cinerosa Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 10. 9, gall.
Colorado (Gillette). Colo. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus sp., prob. Q. gambelii.

Holcaspis Colorado Gillette, 1893. Ent. News 4: 210. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis conalis Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus garryana.

Disholca.^pis conalis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 37. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis corallina (Bassett)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus douglasii.

Holcaspis corallina Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 66. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis eldoradensis (Beutenmueller)
Wash., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
du)no.'
Holcaspis eldoradensis Beutenmueller, 1909. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, Bui. 26: 38. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis edura Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia, Q.
reticulata.

Disholcaspis edura Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 113. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis fungiformis Kinsey
Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus virginiana.

Disholcaspis fungifornns Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 312. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis globosa Weld
N. Y., Va., Ill, Okla. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus alba.

Disholcaspis globosa Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 196. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis heynei Kieffer
Tex.

Disholcaspis heynei Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e. Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 113. ♀.

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Disholcaspis lacuna Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercits ga)iibelii.

Difiliolcaiipi.s lacuna Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 195. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis mamillana Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qiiercun donglasii.

Di!^holca.y)is mamillana Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 115. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis mellifica Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Queicu.s garryana.

Dinholcaspis mellifica Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 114. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis pattersoni Kinsey
Te.x. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qiterciis brecilobu.

Disholca.spis pattersoni Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 78. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis pedunculoides Weld
N. Me.x., Ariz. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Qiiercus arizo)iica, Q.
ohiongifolia, Q. nitbturbinella.

Dinholcaspix pedunculoides Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 39. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis perniciosa (Bassett)
Colo., N. Mex., Utah, Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
fendleri, Q. ganibelii.

Holcaspis perniciosa Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 68. 9, gall.

Holcaspis nionticola Gillette, 1893. Ent. News 4: 30. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis persimilis (Ashmead)
Miss. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercux sp.

Holcaspis persimilis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 126. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis plumbella Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. duniosa.

Disholcaspis phonbella Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 314. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis prehensa Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus du))iosa.

Disholcaspis prehensa Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 113. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis pruniformis Kinsey
Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus brei'iloba, Q. laceyi.

Disholcaspis pruniforn/is Kinsey, 1920. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 42: 315. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis quercusglobulus (Fitch)
Eastern U. S. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus alba, Q.

prinoides, Q. prinns.
Callaspidia Quercus-globulus Fitch, 1859 (1858). N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 18: 810. ♀.

gall.
Ctjnips ragosa Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 100. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis quercusmamma (Walsh)
Conn. w. to 111., Minn., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on

Quercus bicolor, Q. inacrocarpa.
Cijnips q. mamma Walsh, 1869. Amer. Ent. 1: 102 (footnote). 9, gall.
Diplolepis q. niacrocarpae Karsch, 1880. Ztschr. f. Gesam. Naturw. 53: 291. 9, gall.
Holcaspis duricoria Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien., p.

35. Norn. nud.
Holcaspis i viannna Cresson, 1887. Synopsis Amer. Hym., p. 179.
Holcaspis duricoria Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 64. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis quercusomnivora (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus chap)nani.
Cgnips q. onnucora Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: Proc p. vi. 9, gall.
Aiidricus (Aiidricus) omnivorus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Disholcaspis quercussuccinipes (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus virginiana.

C gulps q. sued ni pes Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc p. xi. 9, gall.

Andricus (Andricus) succiuipes Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Disholcaspis quercusvirens (Ashmead)
S. C, Ga., Fla., Miss., La., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on
Quercus rirginiaua.

Cgnips q. rirens Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. x. 9, gall.

Andricus (A)idricus) virens Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Cgnips q. ficigera Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: Proc. p. vi. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis rubens (Gillette)
Colo., N.Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus arizoiica, Q.
fendleri, Q. qambelii, Q. oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. suhturbi)iella. Q. toumegi.

Holcaspis rubens Gillette, 1893. Ent. News 4: 29. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis sileri (Bassett)
Utah. Ecology: Produce twig galls on Quercus sp.

Holcaspis sileri Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 67. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis simulata Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus douglasii, Q. dumosa.

Disholcaspis sifuulata Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 79. 9, gall.

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Disholcaspis simulata
***authority mismatch
var. vancouverensis Kinsey. Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce twig galls on Quercus
garr liana.
Disholcasi)is siiiiulata var. vancoiwerentiis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 81. 9, gall,

Disholcaspis spissa Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Que)xiis arizonica, Q. Itavardi, Q. reticulata,
Q. subtiirbinella.
Disholcaspis .sp/.s.s« Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 114. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis spongiosa (Karsch)
Ga., Fla., Ala., Mo., Ark., Oi Quercus chapiiHuii, Q. stellata.
Diplolepis spouyiosa Karsch, 1880. Ztschr. f. Gesam. Naturw. 53: 295. 9, gall.
Ci/nipH q.ficula Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 75. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis sulcata (Ashmead)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia, Q.
reticulata, Q. subturhinella, Q. toutnei/i.'
Ct/nips snlcatus Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 123. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis terrestris Weld
Va., N. C, Fla., Ala., Mo., Ark., Te.x. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus
iiiargaretta, Q. stellata.
Disholcaspis terrestris Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 198. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis truckeensis (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus clirysolepis, Q. wilcoxii.

Holcaspis truckeensis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 127. 9, gall.

Disholcaspis washingtonensis (Gillette)
Wash., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce twig galls on Quercus
(louglasii, Q. duiiiosa, Q. garri/ana, Q. lobata.
Ct/nips washingtonensis Gillette, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 235. 9, gall.

Genus ANTRON Kinsey

Cynips subg. Antron Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 180.

Type-species: Cguips {Antroi) echinus var. schulthessae Kinsey. Orig. desig.

Antron acraspiformis (Weld)
N. Mex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus subfurbinella, Q.
touuieiji.
Diplolepis acraspifonnis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 14. 9, gall.

Antron clavuloides (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus lobata.

Dryophanta clavula Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 67. 9, gall. Preocc. in Cynips by

Osten Sacken, 1865.
Cynips {Antron) teres var. clavuloides Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 215. N.
name.

Antron douglasii (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls in agamic generation and bud galls in
sexual generation on Quercus douglasii, Q. dutnosa, Q. lobata.
Holcaspis douglasii Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 127. 9, gall. Agamic gen.
Dryophanta lobata McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser., Biol.
Sci. 3 (1): 13. 9, 6, gall. Se.xual gen.

Taxonomy: Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 190.

Antron dumosae (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus duniosa.

Cynips {Antron) echinus var. dumosae Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 199. ♀.

gall. Agamic gen.
Cynips ditmosae Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 77.

Antron magdalenae Weld
N. Mex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus subtiirbinella.

Antron magdalenae Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 116. 9, gall.

Antron pileus Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus subtiirbinella.
Antron pileus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 333. 9, 6, gall.

Antron plumbeum (Weld)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia, Q.
toumeyi.
Cynips plumbea Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 64. 9, gall.

Antron quercusechinus (Osten Sacken)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls in agamic generation and
bud galls in sexual generation on Quercus douglasii, Q. dumosa, Q. lobata.
Cynips quercus echinus Osten Sacken, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 56. 9, gall. Agamic
gen.

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Cynips echinus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.
AndricuH speciosii.s Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 81. 9, gall.
A>i(Iriciis ribes Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 42. 9, 6, gall. Sexual gen.

Antron quercusechinus
***authority mismatch
var. mistum (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercua dumosa.
Cynip.i {Aiition) echinus var. inista Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 200. 9, gall.

Antron quercusechinus
***authority mismatch
var. schulthessae (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce galls on Quercus

(louglasii, Q. durata.
Cipiips (Aiitivii) echinus var. schulthessae, agamic form schulthessae Kinsey, 1930. Gall

wasp genus Cynips, p. 202. 9 , gall. Agamic gen.
Cynips (A)itro)i) echi)ius var. schulthessae, bisexual form atrata Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp

Genus Cynips , p. 204. 9,6, gall. Sexual gen.

quercusechinus var. vicinum (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce galls on Quercus douglasii.
Cynips (Antron) echinus var. vicina, agamic form vicina Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus

Cynips, p. 196. 9, gall. Agamic gen.
Cynips vicina, agamic form vicina Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p.

78.
Cynips {Antron) echinus var. riciua, bisexual form incepta Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus

Cynips, p. 198. 9, J, gall. Sexual gen.
quercusnubila (Bassett). Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q.

oblong ifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbinella, Q. tounieyi.
Cynips q. nuhila Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 56. 9, gall.
Dryophanta nubila Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien., p.

39. Norn. nud.
Dryopha)ita )tubila Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 296.
russum (Kinsey). Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. oblongifolia.

Cynips {Acraspis) nubila var. russa Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 343. 9, gall.
Cy)iips russa Kinsey, 1936. Origin of higher categories in Cynips, p. 255.

Genus BELONOCNEMA Mayr

Belonocnema Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien., pp. 4, 16,
38.

Type-species: Belonocnema treatae Mayr. Monotypic
Dryorhizoxenus Ashmead, 1882 (1881). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc p. xxv.
Type-species: Dryorliizoxenus floridanus Ashmead. Monotypic.
kinsey i Weld. Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus virginiana.

Belonocnema kinseyi Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 59: 241. 9, gall.

Belonocnema quercusvirens (Osten Sacken)
Fla. Ecology: Produce pea-shaped leaf galls on Quercus
rirginiana.
Cynips q. virens Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 57. gall.
Belonocnema fossoria Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 59: 240. 9, gall.

Belonocnema treatae Mayr
Fla. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus virgiiiiana.

Belenocnema (!) Treatae Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez.

Wien., p. 17, footnote. 9, gall.
Drijorhizoxenus floridanus Ashmead, 1882 (1881). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xxv.
?.cJ,gall.

Genus SPHAEROTERAS Ashmead

Sphaeroteras Ashmead, 1897. Psyche 8: 67.

Type-species: Biorrhiza (!) mellea Ashmead. Monotypic.

Sphaeroteras caepuliforme (Beutenmueller)
N. Y., Md., Va., Fla., Ind., 111., Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce
root galls on red oaks.
Biorhiza caepuliformis Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 69. 9, gall.

Carolina (Ashmead). N. C, Fla., Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba,
Q. st el lata.
Dryophanta Carolina Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 145. 9, gall.

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Sphaeroteras melleum (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qnercim ciiapiiiani.

Biorliizu tiu'llea Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 128, 138. 9, gall.

Sphaeroteras melleum
***authority mismatch
var. albicolens (Kinsey). Ga. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qitercits alba.

CijiiipK (Acivspi.s) )iiellea var. albicolefia Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 336. ♀.
gall.

Sphaeroteras melleum
***authority mismatch
var. anceps (Kinsey). Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercn.'^ breciloba.

Ct/nipx (.Acraspis) n/ellea var. uiiccp.s Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 323. ♀.
gall.

Sphaeroteras melleum
***authority mismatch
var. bifurcum (Kinsey). Miss. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qnercus stellafa.
Ct/iiips (Acraspis) iiiellea var. bifurca Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 325. ♀.
■gall.

Sphaeroteras melleum
***authority mismatch
var. comptum (Kinsey). Te.x. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qiiercus atellata.
Ci)nip>i (Acraxpis) mellea var. compta Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 322. ♀.
gall.

Sphaeroteras melleum
***authority mismatch
var. concolor (Kinsey). Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qnercn.s )iii)ii)iia.

CtjnipH (AcraxpiK) mellea var. concolor Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 329. ♀.
gall.

Sphaeroteras melleum
***authority mismatch
var. crassior (Kinsey). Ga. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qtierciis stellafa.

Cijtiips (Acraspis) mellea var. crassior Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 335. ♀.
gall.

Sphaeroteras melleum
***authority mismatch
var. litigans (Kinsey). Ala. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus stellata.

Cipiips (Acraspis) mellea var. litiyans Kinsey, 1930. Gall wasp genus Cynips, p. 327. ♀.
■gall.

Sphaeroteras ocala (Weld)
Fla. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus cliapmani.

Biorhiza ocala Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 207. 9, 6, gall.

Sphaeroteras rydbergiana (Cockerell)
N. Me.x. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus ryclbergiaiia.
Drjiophaufa ri/dberyiaiia Cockerell, 1903. Canad. Ent. 35: 217. 9, gall.

Sphaeroteras texanum (Ashmead)
Tex. Gall unknown.

Drijopliania fexana Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 145. ♀.

Sphaeroteras trimaculosum (McCracken and Egbert)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
douglasii, Q. dumosa, Q. garrya)ta, Q. lobata.
Callirlnjtis trimaculosa McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser.,
Biol. Sci. 3 (1): 41. 9, gall.

Sphaeroteras unicum (Weld)
Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus stellata.
Diplolepis unica Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 34. 9, gall.

Genus ZOPHEROTERAS Ashmead

Zopheroteras Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 261.

Type-species: Acraspis racciuii Ashmead. Monotypic.

Paraferas Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 262.

Type-species: Paraferas liubbardi Ashmead. Monotypic.

Zopheroteras compressum (Gillette)
Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus rubra.

Acraspis compressus Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 197. 9, gall.

Zopheroteras cuneatum Weld
Va., Mo., Ark. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus alba.

Zopheroteras cuueatum Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 14. 9, gall.

Zopheroteras guttatum Weld
Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus palusfris.

Zopheroteras guttatum Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 334. 9, gall.

Zopheroteras hubbardi (Ashmead)
Md., Va., N. C, Mich., 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
cocciuea, Q. celutiua.

Paraferas hubbardi Ashmead, 1897. Canad. Ent. 29: 262. ♀.

Zopheroteras sphaerula Weld
N. C, 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus rubra.

Zopheroteras sphaerula Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 56. 9, gall.
vaccinii (Ashmead). D. C, Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus stellafa.

Acraspis vaccinii Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 136. ♀.

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Genus LOXAULUS Mayr

Loxaulus Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien., pp. 9, 12, 33.

Type-species: Loxaulus nia)in)iula Mayr. Monotypic.
Sole)iozopheria Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 149.

Type-species: Soleuozopheria vacciiiii Ashmead. Monotypic.
Conipsodryoxenua Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 128.

Type-species: Conipsodryoxeuus Diaculipeuniii Ashmead. Desig. by Ashmead, 1903.

Loxaulus ashmeadi Kieffer
United States. Ecology: Produce hardly visible galls in wood of branches of
English Oak, QercuN wbur. Occurs only on introduced English Oaks, so presumably not
of North American origin.
LoxaiduH Aslnueadi Kieffer, 1902. Soc. Hist. Nat. Metz., Bui. (2) 10: 4. 9, gall.

Loxaulus beutenmuelleri Weld
N. J., Pa., 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus rubra.

Loxaulus heuieiniiuelU-n Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 116-117. ♀.

Loxaulus brunneus (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus clirysolepis.

Co»ipso(lryoxe)iHs bru uncus Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 129. 9, gall.

Loxaulus brunneus
***authority mismatch
var. atrior (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus lobata.

Coiiipsodryoxenus brunneus var. atrior Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 49. 9, gall.

Loxaulus ferrugineus (Gillette)
Iowa.

Chilaspisfcrruginea Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist, Bui. 3: 200. ♀.

Loxaulus humilis (Weld)
Fla. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus cliapniani, Q. stellata.

Conipsodryoxenus liuniilis Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 190, 236. 9, gall.

Loxaulus illinoisensis (Weld)
111. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus niacrocarpa.

Cowpsodryoxenus illinoisensis Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 191, 234. 9, gall.

Loxaulus maculipennis (Ashmead)
Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on live oaks.

Conipsodryoxenus niaculipetniis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 129. 9, gall.

Loxaulus pattersoni (Kinsey)
Te.x. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus virginiana.

Conipsodryoxoius pattersoni Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 49. 9, gall.

Loxaulus quercusmammula (Bassett)
Conn., N. J., Md., Va. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
alba.
Cynips q. ntanniiula Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 76. 9, 6, gall.

Loxaulus mammula Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien., p.
34.

Loxaulus tenuis (Weld)
Colo. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus fend leri.

Conipsodryoxenus te7iuis Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 190, 235. 9, gall.

Loxaulus trizonalis Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce acorn galls in agamic generation and stem galls in
sexual generation on Quercus chrysolepis.
Loxaulus trizonalis Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 45. 9, gall (agamic gen.);
9, 6 (sexual gen.).

Loxaulus vaccinii (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus sp. The original statement
that this sp. produced galls on Vacciniuin was incorrect.
Soleuozopheria I'accinii Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 134, 149. ♀.

Genus BASSETTIA Ashmead

Bassettia Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 146.

Type-species: Bassettia floridaiia Ashmead. Desig. by Ashmead, 1903.

Bassettia aquaticae (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus )iigra.

Caltirhytis aquaticae Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 144. 9, gall.

Bassettia ceropteroides (Bassett)
Conn. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus velutina.

Caltirhytis ceropteroides Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 324. 9, gall.

Bassettia floridana Ashmead
Conn. s. to Fla. Ecology: Produce clumps of galls at bases of sprouts on
Quercus chapman i; also observed to oviposit on Quercus prinoides.
Bassettia floridana Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 147. ♀.
Dryophanta corrugis Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 71. ♀.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 336.

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Bassettia gemmae Ashmead
Mo.

Bassettia gemmae Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 128. ♀.

Bassettia herberti (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q.
wislizenii.
Eumayria herberti Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 108. 9, gall.

Bassettia ligni Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls in agamic generation and leaf galls in sexual
generation on Quercun douglasii, Q. diDiiONa, Q. lobata.
Bansettia ligni Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 291. 9, gall.

Biology: Rosenthal and Koehler, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 565-570.

Bassettia pallida Ashmead
Ga., Fla., Mo. Ecology: Produce stem galls on live oaks.

BttKnettia pallida Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 128. ♀.

Bassettia quercuscatesbaei (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus catesbaei.
Ciptips q. catesbaei Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xv. 9, 6, gall.
Andricus (Atidricus) catesbaei Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Bassettia tenuana Weld
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus gain belli, Q.
subturbinella.
Baasettia teuuaua Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 59: 190, 232. 9, gall.

Genus EUMAYRIA Ashmead

Eumayria Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 147.

Type-species: Eumayria floridana Ashmead. Monotypic

Eumayria eldoradensis (Beutenmueller)
Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus agrifolia,
Q. kelloggii, Q. wislizeuii.
Andricus eldoradoisis Beutenmueller, 1913. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 8: 105. ♂.

Eumayria floridana Ashmead
Va., Fla., Ind., 111., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce root galls on red oaks.

Eumayria floridana Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 147. 9, 6, gall.

Eumayria invisa Weld
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus niyrtifolia.

Eumayria invisa Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 335. 9, gall.

Eumayria longipennis (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus laurifolia.

Neuroterus longipennis Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 132, 140. 6, gall.

Genus TRISOLENIELLA Rohwer and Fagan

Trisolenia Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 142. Preocc. by Ehrenberg, 1861.

Type-species: Andricus saltatus Ashmead. Monotypic.
Trisoleniella Rohwer and Fagan, 1917. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 53: 377. N. name.

Trisoleniella brevicornis (Beutenmueller)
N. J. Ecology: Observed ovipositing in the buds of Quercus alba.

Andricus brericoruis Beutenmueller, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 245. ♀.

Trisoleniella enigma (Weld)
Va., Fla., 111., Tex. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus catesbaei, Q.
niyrtifolia, Q. rubra, Q. texana.
Callirhytis enigma Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus. , Proc. 59: 219. 9, gall.

Trisoleniella bignelli (Dalla Torre and Kieffer)
N. Y., N. J.

Trisolenia punctata Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 129. ♀. Preocc. in Andricus

by Bignell, 1892.
Andricus bignelli Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1902. In Wytsman, Gen. Ins., fasc. 9, p. 61. N.

name.
Amphibolips montana Beutenmueller, 1913. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus 1: 122. ♀.

Trisoleniella saltata (Ashmead)
N. C, Fla. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus cinerea, Q.falcata.
Andricus saltatus ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 142. 9, gall.

Genus ODONTOCYNIPS Kieffer

Odontocynips Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 112.
Type-species: Odontocynips nebulosa Kieffer. Monotypic.

Odontocynips nebulosa Kieffer
Ga., Fla., Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus stellata.
Odontocynips nebulosa Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 112. ♀.

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Genus HOLOCYNIPS Kieffer

Holocynips Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 114.
Type-species: Holocytiips eiiKuyiiiata Kieffer. Monotypic.

Holocynips badia (Bassett)
Conn., N. Y., s. to Fla., w. to III, Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce galls at

bases of sprouts of Qiieicns alba, Q. bicolor, Q. cliap)iia)ii, Q. macrocarpa, Q. prinus, Q.
stellata.
A)iipliibolips badiiis Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 323. ♀.
Holocij)iipH etiiavginata Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 114. 9, gall.
Callirhijtis comllosa Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 191, 216. 9, gall.

Holocynips hartmani (Weld)
Calif. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercitfi clirysolepis.

Callirhfitix hartwuni Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 191, 214. 9, gall.

Holocynips humicola (Kinsey)
Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercua agrifolia, Q. kelloggi,
Q. wislizeiiii.
Andriciis hiiwicokt Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 283. 9, gall.

Holocynips maxima (Weld)
N. Y., Md., D. C, Va., 111. Ecology: Produce root galls on QuercuH alba, Q.
bicolor, Q. niacrocarpa, Q. priiius.
Callirlujtis maxima Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 191, 217. 9, gall.

Genus PLAGIOTROCHUS Mayr

Plagiotroclius Mayr, 1881. Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez. Wien., pp. 8, 12,
32.

Type-species: Cgiiips ilicis Fabricius. Desig. by Ashmead, 1903.

Plagiotrochus suberi Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on the introduced European cork oak, Qiierciis
sitber.
Plagiotroclius snberi Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 47. 9, gall.

Genus DRYOCOSMUS Giraud

Dryocosnnis Giraud, 1859. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien., Verh. 9: 353.
Type-species: Dryocos)iuiH cerripliiliis Giraud. Monotypic.
Entropa Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verh. 19: 330, 334.
Type-species: Entropa lissonota Foerster. Monotypic.

Dryocosmus albidus Weld
N. Y., Va., N. C, 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus coccinea, Q.
velutina.
DryocosuniH albidns Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 15. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus asymmetricus (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qnercus clirytiolepis.
Plagiotrichiisd) asyiiniietricHs Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 106. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus asymmetricus
***authority mismatch
var. annectens (Kinsey). Calif.

PlagiotricliHs(l) asy)iniietriciis var. aiuiectenfi Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 107. ♀.
gall.

Dryocosmus asymmetricus
***authority mismatch
var. compactus (Kinsey). Calif.

PlagiotrlclnisC.) asi/itniu'tricus var. conipacfus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 108. ♀.
gall.

Dryocosmus attractans (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Qnercus wislizenii.

Andricus attractans Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 281. 6, gall.

Dryocosmus castanopsidis (Beutenmueller)
Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce staminate flower galls on
Castanopsis clirysophylla, C. seinpercirens.
Andricns castanopsidis Beutenmueller, 1917. Canad. Ent. 49: 345. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus cinereae (Ashmead)
N. Y., Pa., Va., S. C, Fla., 111., Mo., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Qnercus cinerea and other red oaks.
Dryophanta cinereae Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 144. 9, gall.
Andricus (Callirliytis) saccularins Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 76. 6, gall.

Dryocosmus coxii (Bassett)
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qnercus einoryi, Q. Iiypolenca.
Ctjnips cojcii Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 112. 9, gall.
Andricus coxi Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 320. 9, gall.

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Andricun Bassettianiis Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1902. In Wytsman, Gen. Ins., fasc. 9, p. 61.
N. name for coxi Bassett, 1900.

Dryocosmus coxii
***authority mismatch
var. translatus (Kinsey). Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qnercus hypoleuca.
PlagiotricliHsd) coxll var. trauslatiiH Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 125. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus deciduus (Beutenmueller)
Md., Va., N. C, Tenn., 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Qnercus rubra, Q. relutiiia.
Andricua (Ucklua Beutenmueller, 1913. Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus 1: 131. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus dubiosus (Fullaway)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls in agamic generation, ament galls in
sexual generation, on Qnercus agrifolia, Q. wislize)iii.
Diplolepis (lubiosa Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 339. 9, 6, gall. Sexual gen.
Callirhytis biconiis McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ. Pubs., Univ. Ser., Biol.
Sci. 3 (1): 42. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Biology: Doutt, 1959. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 52: 69-74.

Dryocosmus favus Beutenmueller
Pa. s. to Fla., w. to 111., Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce root galls on
red oaks.
Drt/ocosiiins farus Beutenmueller, 1911. Ent. News 22: 197. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus floridensis (Beutenmueller)
Va. s. to Fla., w. to Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on red
oaks.
Dryophanta Jloridensix Beutenmueller, 1917. Canad. Ent. 49: 349. 9, gall.
Andricns peltatns Wells and Metcalf, 1921. Canad. Ent. 53: 212. 9, gall.
gigas (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Qnercns douglasii.

Audricu's gUjas Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 282. 9, cJ, gall,

Dryocosmus imbricariae (Ashmead)
Conn., N. Y. to Fla., w. to Mo., Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls
on red oaks.
Andricns inbrecariae (!) Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 122. 9, gall.
Holcaspisfasciata Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 328. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus minusculus Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qnercns agrifolia.

Dryocosnnis minusculus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 337. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus quercuslaurifoliae (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Qnercns laurifolia, Q.
nigra.
Spathegaster q. laurifoliae Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xvii. ♀, ♂.

gall.
Cynips q. aquaticae Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xvi. 9, Dryophanta laurifoliae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 296.
Dryophanta aquaticae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 296.

Dryocosmus quercusnotha (Osten Sacken)
Conn., N. Y., N. J., Md., Va., Fla., 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls
on Qnercus palustris and other red oaks.
Cynips q. notlia Osten Sacken, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 55. 9, 6, gall.
Andricus {Callirhytis) notlia Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.
Andricns (Callirhytis) pusulafoides Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 74. 9, gall.

Dryocosmus quercuspalustris (Osten Sacken)
Mass., Ont. to Fla., w. to Iowa, La. Ecology: Produce leaf
galls on red oaks.
Cynips (Trigouaspis {) qnercns palustris Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc, Phila., Proc 1: 62.

9.cJ,gall.
Andricns (Callirhytis) palustris Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.
Dryophanta liberaecellulae Gillette, 1890. Ent. Amer. 6: 24. 9,

Dryocosmus rileyi (Ashmead)
N. Y. to Fla., w. to Mo., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on red oaks.
Andricus rileyi Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 121. 9 , gall.

Genus HETEROECUS Kinsey

Heteroecus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 81.

Type-species: Andricus dasydactyli Ashmead. Orig. desig.

Revision: Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 81-100.

Heteroecus chrysolepidis (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus chrysolepis.
Andricus chrysolepidis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 119. 9, gall.

1 100 Hy menoptera in America North of Mexico

Heteroecus dasydactyli (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls in agamic generation and leaf galls
in sexual generation on Quercufi chrijfiolepis.
Andricus danydadyli Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 117. 9, gall.

Biology: Rosenthal and Koehler, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 565-570.

Heteroecus dasydactyli
***authority mismatch
var. pygmaeus Kinsey. Calif.

Heteroecits dasydacti/li var. pijgitiaeuH Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 91. 9, gall.

Heteroecus eriophora
***authority mismatch
(Kieffer). Calif. Ecology: Produce twig galls on Que)-cus sp.

Callirhytis eriophora Kieffer, 1904. Soc. Hist. Nat. Metz., Bui. (2) 11: 132. 9, gall.

Heteroecus flavens (McCracken and Egbert)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chrysolepis, Q.
vaccinifolia.
Callirhyfisflacens McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ. Pubs., Univ. Ser., Biol.
Sci. 3(1):40. 9, gall.

Heteroecus malus Kinsey
Calif. Ecology: Produce twig galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Heferoecus mains Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 92. 9, gall.

Heteroecus melanoderma Kinsey
Ariz., Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus chrysolepis, Q.
wilcoxii. Date seed gall.
Heferoecus nielanoderDia Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 92. 9, gall.

Heteroecus pacificus (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls in agamic generation and leaf galls in
sexual generation on Quercus chrysolepis.
Andricus pacificus Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 118. 9, gall.
Callirhytis bakeri Kieffer, 1904. Soc. Hist. Nat. Metz., Bui. (2) 11: 132. 9, gall.

Biology: Lyon, 1963. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 65: 250-254.

Heteroecus pacificus
***authority mismatch
var. gracilis Kinsey. Calif.

Heferoecus pacificus var. gracilis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 95. 9, gall.

Heteroecus pacificus
***authority mismatch
var. subpacificus Kinsey. Calif.

Heferoecus pacificus var. subpacificus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 95. 9, gall.

Heteroecus sanctaeclarae (FuUaway)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qjiercus chrysolepis.

Callirhytis sanctae-clarae Fullaway, 1911. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 4: 363. 9, gall.

Heteroecus sanctaeclarae
***authority mismatch
var. aliud Kinsey. Calif.

Heferoecus sanctae-clarae var. aliud Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 98. 9, gall.

Heteroecus sanctaeclarae
***authority mismatch
var. fuscior Kinsey. Calif.

Heferoecus sa)ictae-clarae var. fuscior Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 98. 9, gall.

Genus CALLIRHYTIS Foerster

Callirhyfis Foerster, 1869. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verb. 19: 331, 335.
Type-species: Callirhyfis harfigi Foerster. Monotypic.

Callirhytis apicalis (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q.
wislizenii.
Andricus apicalis Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 120. 9, gall.

Callirhytis attigua Weld
Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus texana.

Callirhytis affigua Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 88. 9, gall.

Callirhytis balanacea Weld
N. Y., Va., Mo. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus paliisfris.

Callirhyfis balanacea Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 16. 9, gall.

Callirhytis balanaspis Weld
D. C, Va., Mc, Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus
)narila)idica.
Callirhytis balanaspis Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 22. 9, gall.

Callirhytis balanella Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus emoryi.

Callirhyfis balanella Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 117. 9, gall.

Callirhytis balanoides Weld
N. Y., Va., 111., Mo., Tex. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus velufina.

Callirhyfis balanoides Weld, 1922 . U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 27. 9, gall.

Callirhytis balanopsis Weld
Va., Ga., Ala., Miss., Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus
niarilandica.
Callirhyfis balanopsis Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 26. 9, gall.

Superfamily CYNIPOIDEA 1101

Callirhytis balanosa Weld
111. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Querciin coccinea.

Callirliijfi^ balanom Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 19. 9, gall.

Callirhytis bipapillata Weld
N. Y., Va. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus ilicifolio.

Cttllirhtjtis hipapillata Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 17. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis blastophaga (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Querciis cinevea.

Andricux hiastoplnigus Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Sec, Trans. 14: 143. 9, gall.

carmelensis Weld. Calif. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on QiteyciiN agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q.
wislizf'nii.

Callirhijtis canin'U'Hsis Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 20. 9, gall.

Callirhytis cistella Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on QiiercuN euionji, Q. hijpoleuca.

Callirhytis c(.s7c//« Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 338'. 9, gall.

Callirhytis clarkei (Bassett)
Mass., N. J., Va. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Qucrciiff illcifolia.
Audriciis (.Callirlii/tis) clarkei Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 79. 9, gall.

Callirhytis clavula (Osten Sacken)
Mass., N. Y., Pa., N. J., D. C, N. C, 111., Iowa. Ecology: Produce stem
galls on Qitercux alba.

Ci/nips da cilia Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 351. 9, gall.

Callirhytis congregata (Ashmead)
Calif. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Qitercus agrifolia, Q. wislizenii.

Audriciis congregatiin Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 120. 9, gall.

Callirhytis cornigera (Osten Sacken)
Mass. to Ga., w. to Iowa. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qtiercus
paliistris and other red oaks.

Cuiiipx cornigera Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 358. 9, gall.

Callirhytis corrugis (Bassett)
Conn., Va. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus celittina.

Cynips corrugis Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 109. ♀.

Callirhytis dejecta Kieffer, 1910. Lab. Zooi. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 4: 116. ♀.

Taxonomy: Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 338 (gall).

Callirhytis cressoni (Beutenmueller)
Te.\. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus steUata.

Dryophaiita cressoni Beutenmueller, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 247. 9, gall.

Callirhytis crypta (Ashmead)
Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Qiiercus cinerea,
Q. niarilandica.

Andricits cryptns Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 145. 9, gall.

Callirhytis cryptica Weld
Fla., Ala. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus niyrtifolia.

Callirhytis cryptica Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 61 (18): 19. 9, gall.

Callirhytis difficilis (Ashmead)
Ga. w. to Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
niyrtifolia, Q. nigra, Q. pliellos.

Andricus difficilis Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 143. 9, gall.

Callirhytis electrea Weld
Md., D. C, Va. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus prinus.

Callirhytis electrea Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 95: 18. 9, gall.

Callirhytis ellipsoida Weld
111. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus bicolor.

Callirhytis ellipsoida Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 227. 9, gall.

Callirhytis elliptica Weld
Pa., D. C, Va., 111. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus alba.

Callirhytis elliptica Weld. 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 59: 228. 9, gall.

Callirhytis elongata (Kinsey)
Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus breviloba.

PlagiotrichusC.) elongatus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 125. 9, gall.

Callirhytis elongata
***authority mismatch
var. rufopleurae (Kinsey). Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus breviloba.

PlagiotrichusC) elongatus var. rufopleurae Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 128. ♀.
gall.

Callirhytis elongata
***authority mismatch
var. stellatae (Kinsey). Tex. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus stellata.

PlagiotrichusC) elongatus var. stellatae Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 128. 9, gall.

Callirhytis excavata (Ashmead)
New England, N. C. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus rubra.

Andricus excaratus Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 121. 9, gall.

Callirhytis exigua (Bassett)
Conn., D. C, Va. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus stellata.

Andricus exiguus Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 318. 9,6, gall.

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Callirhytis favosa (Bassett)
N. Y., Pa., Md., Va., Ohio. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus paiustris,
Q. velutina.

Neurotenm favosus Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 87. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis flavipes (Gillette)
111., Minn., Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus inacrocarpa.

Neuroterusjlaripe.s Gillette, 1889. Iowa Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 7: 281. 9, S, gall.

Callirhytis flora Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus agrifolia, Q. wislizeni.

Callirhyiis flora Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (18): 20. 9, gall.

Callirhytis florensis Weld
Va. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus niarilaHclica.

Callirhytisflorensis Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 19. 9, d, gall.

Callirhytis floridana (Ashmead)
Md., D. C, Va., N. C, Fla., Mo., Ark., La. Ecology: Produce stem galls on
Quercus chapiiiani, Q. stellata.

Andricusfloridanus Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 137. 9,6, gall.

Callirhytis floripara Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus agrifolia.

CalUrhytis floripara Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 118. 9, S, gall.

Callirhytis frequens (Gillette)
Colo., N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus ganibelii, Q.
haimrdi, Q. undulata.

Andricus frequens Gillette, 1892. Ent. News 3: 247. 9, gall.

Callirhytis frequens
***authority mismatch
var. piceoderma (Kinsey). Colo.

Plagiotrich us{\) freque)is var. piceoderma Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 131. ♀.

Callirhytis fructicola Ashmead
Pa., Va., S. C, Tenn. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus ilicifolia,
Q. tuarilaudica, Q. reluti)ia.

CaUirhytis fructicola Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 131. 9, gall.

Callirhytis fructuosa Weld
N. Y., Md., Va., N. C, S. C, Ga., Ala., Ill.,Mo., Tex. Ecology: Produce acorn
galls on red oaks.

Callirhyiis fructuosa Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61: (19): 14. 9, gall.

Callirhytis fulva Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus chrysolepis.

Callirhyiis fulca Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 226. 9, gall.

Callirhytis furva Weld
Va., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus nigra, Q. paiustris.

Callirhyiis furra Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 341. 9, gall.

Callirhytis gallaestriatae Weld
N. Y., Va., N. C, 111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus coccinea, Q.
paiustris, Q. rubra, Q. velutitta.

CalUrhytis gallaestriatae Weld, 1926. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 68 (10): 92. 9, gall.

Callirhytis gemmiformis (Beutenmueller)
N. Y., N. J., Md., Va., 111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on
Quercus alba.

A)idricus gei)n)iifor))iis Beutenmueller, 1917. Canad. Ent. 49: 346. 9, gall.

Callirhytis glandulus (Beutenmueller)
N. J. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus priyioides.

Andricus gla)idulus Beutenmueller, 1913. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 8: 103. ♀.

Callirhytis glomerosa Weld
Va. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus coccinea.

CalUrhytis glomerosa Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 119. 9, gall.

Callirhytis hopkinsi Weld
D. C, Va., W. Va. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus inibricaria.

CalUrhytis hopkinsi Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 339. 9, gall.

Callirhytis infuscata (Ashmead)
Ga., Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus catesbaei and other red
oaks on the coastal plains.

Andricus infuscatus Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 144. 9, gall.

Callirhytis intersita Weld
Va. Ecology: Females collected ovipositing in internodes of twigs o{ Quercus
alba.

CalUrhytis intersita Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 107: 119. ♀.

Callirhytis juvenca Weld
N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus arizonica, Q. gambelii, Q.
oblongifolia, Q. reticulata, Q. subturbi)tella.

Callirhyiis jurenca Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 20. 9, gall.

Callirhytis lanata (Gillette)
Mass. s. to N. C, Ala., w. to Minn., Ark., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Quercus coccinea, Q. rubra.

Dryophanta lanata Gillette, 1891. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist, Bui. 3: 198. 9, gall.

Callirhytis lapillula Weld
D. C, 111. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus bicolor.

Callirhyiis lapillula Weld, i922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 61 (19): 18. 9, gall.

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Callirhytis lupana Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus emoryi, Q. hypoleuca.

Callirhytis lupana Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 21. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis marginata Weld
111. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus coccinea.

Callirhytis marginata Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 225. 9, gall.

Callirhytis medularis Weld
Pa., Va., Ohio. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus coccinea, Q. velutina.

Callirhytis medularis Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 121. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis middletoni Weld
D. C, Va., Fla., Ala. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Queixus phellos.

Callirhytis middletoni Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 25. 9, gall.
miller! Weld. Calif. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q.
u'islizenii.

Callirhytis ynilleri Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 11. 9, gall.

Callirhytis essigi McCracken and Egbert, 1922. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Sen, Biol. Sci.
3(1): 43. 9, gall.

Callirhytis morrisoni
***authority mismatch
(Ashmead). Ariz. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus sp.

Andricus morrisoni Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 116. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis myrtifoliae (Beutenmueller)
Fla. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus myrtifolia.

Andricus myrtifoliae Beutenmueller, 1917. Canad. Ent. 49: 346. 9, c^, gall.

Callirhytis oblata Weld
Va. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus coccinea, Q.falcata.

Callirhytis oblata Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 340. 9, gall.

Callirhytis obtusilobae (Bassett)
Conn. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus stellata.

Andricus obtusilobae Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 316. ♀.

Callirhytis ovata Weld
Fla., Ark., Tex. Ecology: . Produce root galls on Quercus catesbaei, Q. cinerea, Q.
myrtifolia, Q. texa)ta.

Callirhytis orata Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 59: 222. 9, gall.

Callirhytis ovata
***authority mismatch
var. melanica (Kinsey). Tex. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus schneckii.

Andricus ovata var. nielanicus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 32. 9, gall.

Callirhytis parva Weld
Va., W. Va., Mo. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Qjiercus inibricaria.

Callirhytis parva Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (18): 23. 9, S, gall.

Callirhytis parvifoliae Ashmead
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus chapmani.

Callirhytis parvifoliae Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 138. 9, gall.

Callirhytis parvula (Bassett)
Conn. Ecology: Taken ovipositing in buds of Quercus ilicifolia; never reared
and gall unknown.

Dryophanta parvula Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 326. ♀.

Callirhytis patiens (Bassett)
Conn. Ecology: Taken ovipositing in buds of Quercus ilicifolia; never reared
and gall unknown. This may be a synonym of parvula.

Andricus patiens Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 312. ♀.

Callirhytis pedunculata (Bassett)
Conn., N. Y., Va., 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus coccinea,
Q. rubra.

Dryophanta pedunculata Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 72. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis perdens (Kinsey)
Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii,
Q. U'islizenii.

Andricus perdens Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 286. 9, gall.

Callirhytis perdens
***authority mismatch
var. destructor (Kinsey). Calif.

PlagiotrichusV.) perdens var. de.stmctor Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 134. 9, gall.

Callirhytis perditor (Bassett)
Conn., N. Y., N. J., Va. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Qtiercus ilicifolia;
galls secrete honeydew.
Andricus perditor Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 313. 9, gall.

Callirhytis perfoveata (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q.
wislizoiii.
Andricus perfoveatus Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 287. 9, gall.

Callirhytis perobscura Weld
Va. Ecology: Observed ovipositing in buds of Quercus velutina; gall
unknown.
Callirhytis perobscura Weld, 1957. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 107: 122. ♀.

Callirhytis perplexa (Ashmead)
Mo. Ecology: Produce woolly leaf galls on Quercus sp.
Andricus perplejcus Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 19: 122. 9, gall.

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Callirhytis perrugosa Weld
N. J., Pa., Md., D. C, Va. Ecology: Taken ovipositing in terminal buds on
sprouts of Quercus alba; probably form root galls.

Callirhytis perrugosa Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 95: 22. ♀.

Callirhytis petrina Weld
Ariz. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus liypoleuca.

Callirhytis petrina Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 13. 9, gall.

Callirhytis petrosa Weld
Ga., Fla., Tex. Ecology: Produce acorn galls on Quercus ciuerea.

Callirhytis petrosa Weld, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (19): 15. 9, gall.

Callirhytis pigra (Bassett)
Conn. s. to Fla., w. to 111., Mo. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus coccinea,
Q. velutiua.

Cynips pigra Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 105. 9, gall.

Callirhytis celiac Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 141. 9, gall.

Callirhytis piperoides (Bassett)
Maine to N. C, w. to 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus rubra
and other red oaks.

Audricus piperoides Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 314. 9, gall.

Callirhytis pulchra (Bassett)
Mass., N. Y., Va., 111. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus rubra, Q.
velutina.

Audricus (Callirhytis) pulchra Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 73. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis quercifoliae (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus catesbaei.

Audricus quercifoliae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 299. 6, gall.

Callirhytis quercusagrifoliae (Bassett)
CaUf. Ecology: Produce leaf galls in agamic generation and leaf
axil galls in sexual generation on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q. wislizeuii.

Cyuips q. agrifoliae Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 53. 9, gall.

A)idricus (Callirhytis) agrifoliae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.

Audricus wisliceui(]) Ashmead, 1896. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 19: 119. 9, gall.

Callirhytis clariwontis Kieffer, 1904. Soc. Hist. Nat. Metz, Bui. (2) 11: 132. 9, gall.

Biology: Lyon, 1964. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc 66: 193.

Callirhytis quercusbatatoides (Ashmead)
S. C, Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., La. Ecology: Produce stem galls on
Quercus virginiaita.

Cynips (Dryocos))ius^) quercus batoides Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p.
xi. 9 , gall.

Cynips batatoides Packard, 1881. U. S. Ent. Comn., Bui. 7: 57.

Audricus (A)idricus) batatoides Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 296.

Callirhytis quercusclavigera (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus laurifolia.

Cynips q. clavigera Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc p. xxvii. 9, gall.

Audricus (Audricus) clacigerus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Callirhytis quercusconfusa (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus laurifolia.

Cyuips q. coufusa Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xviii. 9, gall.

Neuroterus co)ifusa Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 296.

Callirhytis quercusfutilis (Osten Sacken)
Mass. s. to Va., w. to Wis., Ark., Okla. Ecology: Produce root
galls in agamic generation, leaf galls in sexual generation, on Quercus alba, Q. prinus.

Cynips quercus futilis Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc, Phila., Proc. 1: 63. d, gall.

C If nips quercus papillata Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila, Proc. 1: 64. S, gall.

Cyuips (Audricus) futilis Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 346, 349, 352.

Cyuips papillata Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 346, 352.

Callirhytis radicis Bassett, 1889. Psyche 5: 237. ♀. Preocc. by Fabricius, 1798.

A)idricus radicicola Dalla Torre, 1893. Cat. Hym., v. 2, p. 95. N. name.
quercusgeminaria (Ashmead). Mass., N. J., Va., Ga., Fla., Ind., 111., Tex. Ecology: Produce stem
galls on Quercus ciuerea and other red oaks.

Cyuips q. ge)n)naria Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: Proc. p. ix. 9, gall.

Audricus (Audricus) gennnarius Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Callirhytis quercusmedullae (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus cinerea.

Cynips q. uiedullae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: Proc. p. viii. 9, gall.

A)idricus (Audricus) uiedullae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Callirhytis quercusmodesta (Osten Sacken)
Conn., N. Y., D. C, Va., Ind., Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce
leaf galls on Quercus rubra, Q. oelutiua.

Cynips quercus niodesta Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 1: 65. 9, gall.

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Cynips niodesta Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 346, 349, 357, 379.
Cynips papula Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 107. 9, gall.

Callirhytis quercusnigrae (Osten Sacken)
D. C, Va., N. C, Mo., Ark. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on
Querciis viarilandica.
Cynips quercus nigme Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 66. 9, i, gall.
Audricus (CallirliytiK) nigrae Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.

Callirhytis quercusoperator (Osten Sacken)
Nova Scotia s. to N. C, w. to Iowa, Mo., Ark., Tex. Ecology:
Produce acorn galls in agamic generation, ament galls in se.xual generation, on Quercus
niarilandica and other red oaks.
Cynips quercus opemtor Osten Sacken, 1862. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 256. 9, c^, gall.

Sexual gen.
Cynips operator Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 357.
A)uiricHs operatola Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 315. 9. Agamic gen.
Audricus operator var. consobrinus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 26. 9, S, gall.

Callirhytis quercusoperator
***authority mismatch
var. austrior (Kinsey). Tex. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus
sell neck a.
Audricus operator var. austrior Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 26. 9, d, gall.

Callirhytis quercusoperator
***authority mismatch
var. falsa (Kinsey). R. I. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus ilicifolia.
Audricus operator \aT.falsus Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 27. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis quercusoperator
***authority mismatch
var. iliustrans (Kinsey). N. H. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus
ilicifolia.
Andricus operator var. iliustrans Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 28. 9, cJ, gall.

Callirhytis quercusphellos (Osten Sacken)
Md., D. C, Va. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
pliellos.
Cynips quercus pliellos Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 70. 9, gall.
Auipliibolips pliellos Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.

Callirhytis quercuspomiformis (Bassett)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls in agamic generation, leaf
galls in sexual generation, on Quercus agrifolia, Q. wislizenii.
Cynips q. pom ifonn is Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 74. 9, gall. Agamic gen.
Andricus (Andriciis) potuiforuiis Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.
Callirliytis rossi Kieffer, 1903. Marcellia 2: 84. 9, gall.

Callirhytis niaculipeunis Kieffer, 1904. Soc Hist. Nat. Metz, Bui. (2) 11: 131. 9, gall.
Andricus yoseniite Beutenmueller, 1911. Canad. Ent. 43: 211. 9, gall.

Biology: Lyon, 1959. So. Calif. Acad., Sci. Bui. 58 (1): 33-37 (sexual gen. on leaves).

Callirhytis quercuspomiformis
***authority mismatch
var. descansonis (Kinsey). Calif.

Andricus poinifonnis var. descansonis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 41. 9, gall.

Callirhytis quercuspomiformis
***authority mismatch
var. distincta (Kinsey). Calif.

Andricus povtifortnis var. distincttis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 38. 9, gall.

Callirhytis quercuspomiformis
***authority mismatch
var. provincialis (Kinsey). Calif.

Andricus pom ifonn is var. provincialis Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 40. 9, gall.

Callirhytis quercuspunctata (Bassett)
Maine, Ont. to N. C, w. to 111. Ecology: Produce stem galls on
Quercus coccinea, Q. palustris, Q. velutina. Gouty gall.

Cynips q. punctata Bassett, 1863. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 2: 323. 9, gall.

Cynips q. podagrae Walsh, 1864. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 2: 491. 9, gall.

Cynips punctata Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 358.

Cyjiips podagrae Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 358.

Callirhytis quercusrugosa (Ashmead)
N. Y., Md., Va., Fla., 111. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
imbricaria, Q. laurifolia, Q. pliellos.

Cynips q. rugosa Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xviii. 9,6, gall.

Andricus (Andricus) nigosus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.

Callirhytis quercusscitula (Bassett)
Mass., Conn., N. Y., N. J., Va., Ind., 111. Ecology: Produce stem galls
on Quercus coccinea, Q. velutina.

Cynips q. scitula Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc. 3: 683. 9, 6, gall.

Cynips scitula Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 341, 358.

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Callirhytis quercussimilis (Bassett)
Mass., Conn., N. Y., Md., Ga., Fla., Te.x. Ecology: Produce stem galls
on Quercus ilicifolia and other red oaks.
Cynip>i q. similis Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 685. 9,6, gall.
Cynipa si)Hilis Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 356.

Callirhytis quercussuttonii (Bassett)
Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls in agamic generation, leaf galls
in sexual generation, on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q. wislizenii.
Cynips Q. Suttonii Bassett, 1881. Canad. Ent. 13: 54. 9, gall.
AndricuK {Callirliytis) Suttoui Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 294.
Callirhytis polytliym Kieffer, 1904. Soc. Hist. Nat. Metz, Bui. (2) 11: 132. 9, gall.

Biology: Lyon, 1969. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 71: 61-65.

Callirhytis quercussuttonii
***authority mismatch
var. lustrior (Kinsey). Calif. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus
wislizenii.
PlagiotrichuHil) suttonii var. lustrior Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 137. 9, gall.

Callirhytis quercusturnerii (Ashmead)
Fla. Ecology: Produce ament galls on Quercus nigra.

Cynips q. Tumerii Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xvi. 9, gall.
Andricus {Audricus) Tunierii Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 295.
A)idricus topiarius Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 136. 9, gall.

Callirhytis quercusventricosa (Bassett)
Mass., Conn., to Ala., w. to 111. Ecology: Produce stem galls on
Querctis ilicifolia, Q. inibricaria, Q. phellos.
Cy)nps q. veniricosus Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 681. 9, gall.
Cy>tips ve)itricosus Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 358.
Cynips q. couifera Ashmead, 1881. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 9: Proc. p. xxvii. 9, gall.
Neuroferus coniferus Ashmead, 1885. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 12: 296.

Callirhytis rubida Weld
Pa., Md., Ind., 111. Ecology: Produce root galls on Quercus coccinea, Q. rubra.

Callirhytis rubida Weld, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 59: 224. 9, gall.

Callirhytis rugulosa (Beutenmueller)
N. J., D. C, Va., Ind., 111. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus
rubra, Q. velutiita.
Andricus rugulosus Beutenmueller, 1911. Canad. Ent. 43: 211. 9, gall.

Callirhytis seminator (Harris)
Que. to Fla., w. to Minn., Iowa. Ecology: Produce large wooly, globular
stem galls on Quercus alba. Wool sower; oak seed gall.
Cynips se}ni)iator Harris, 1841. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 399. 9, gall.

Callirhytis seminosa (Bassett)
N. Y., Va., Ohio. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Querctis coccinea, Q.
paiustris.
Andricus (Callirhytis) senii^iosUs Bassett, 1890. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 17: 76. 9, gall.

Callirhytis serricornis (Kinsey)
Calif. Ecology: Produce ament galls in sexual generation, leaf galls in
agamic generation, on Quercus agrifolia, Q. wislizenii.
Andricus serricornis Kinsey, 1922. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 46: 288. 9, 6, gall. Sexual

gen.
Dryocosuius gruntatus Weld, 1952. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 102: 336. 9, gall. Agamic gen.

Taxonomy: Lyon, 1970. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc 72: 176-178.

Callirhytis tuberosa (Bassett)
Mass., Conn., N. J. Ecology: Produce stem galls on Quercus ilicifolia.

Andricus (Callirhytis) tuberosa Bassett, 1900. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 26: 311. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis tubicola (Osten Sacken)
D. C, Va., Miss., Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
stellata.
Cynips tubicola Osten Sacken, 1861. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 1: 60. 9, gall.
Andricus texatius Beutenmueller, 1909. Ent. News 20: 248. 9, gall.

Callirhytis tumifica (Osten Sacken)
N. Y., Va., N. C, 111., Iowa. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
rubra, Q. uelutina.
Cynips tumifica Osten Sacken, 1865. Ent. Soc Phila., Proc 4: 356. 9, 6, gall.

Callirhytis uvellae Weld
Calif. Ecology: Produce bud galls on Quercus agrifolia, Q. kelloggii, Q.
tcislizenii.
Callirhytis uvellae Weld, 1944. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 95: 23. 9, gall.

Callirhytis vaccinii (Ashmead)
N. Y., Ga., Fla., Mo., Okla., Tex. Ecology: Produce leaf galls on Quercus
stellata.
Acraspis vaccinii Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 136. gall.

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AndricKs liistra)is Beutenmueller, 1913. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 39: 244. ♀.

Andricus impositiis Beutenmueller, 1918. Ent. News 29: 329. 9, gall.

Andriciis diiHorpliHs var. verifuctor Kinsey, 1922. Ind. Univ. Studies 53: 15. 9, gall.

U.NPLACEu Species in Slperkamily Cynipoidea

The manuscript names included in this list have all appeared at least once in some publication
other than the original one.

AndricuH aciuosns Bassett, 1881. In Mayr, Zwanzig. Jahresber. Comm.-Oberrealsch. I. Bez.

Wien.. p. 28. MS.
Hexapla.sta (unnw Ashmead, 1897. ht Slosson, Ent. News 8: 237. MS.
Cynipsf aspera Stebbins, 1910. Springfield Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 2: 26. gall.
Neuroferiis atonin.s Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 203. MS.
Kleidoto)iia bakeri Ashmead, 1900. hi Howard, Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 2: 557. MS.
Oxijlabis biforeolaftt Brues, 1904. Canad. Ent. 36: 119. S. Transf. from Diapriidae.

Ta.xonomy: Weld, 1967. In Krombein and Burks, U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. Sup. 2, p. 284.
Cynipx caducns Walsh, 1890. In Packard, U. S. Ent. Comn., Rpt. 5: 115. gall.
A)idrictin co)ici)inus Bassett, 1882. Amer. Nat. 16: 246. MS.
Cynips^ const ricta Stebbins, 1910. Springfield Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 2: 20. gall.
Cynips (Neuroterus) crassitellus Provancher, 1881. Nat. Canad. 12: 233. 9. Unique type in

Provancher Collection in Quebec in bad condition.
Cynips^ cristata Stebbins, 1910. Springfield Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 2: 24. gall.
Callirhytisf Jlocculenta Trotter, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e. Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 115. gall.
Rliodites fiisiforuKuiH Cockerell, 1890. Entomologist 23: 75. gall.
Cynips {A)tdricHs) gibbosiis Provancher, 1881. Nat. Canad. 12: 232. 9,6. Type in Provancher

Collection in Quebec, but only thorax remains.
RItodites globosus Cockerell, 1890. Entomologist 23: 75. gall.
Solenaspis liyali)ius Ashmead, 1895. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 7: 326. Host: Mesogmpta

polita (Say) puparium. MS.
Neuroterus lanrifoliae Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 140. 9. Type lost.
Cynips niaculatns Blanchard, 1840. In Laporte, Hist. Nat. Anim. Articules, v. 3, p. 250.

"Carolina."
Eucoila minor Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 398. 9. Type

probably lost; not located in Quebec or Ottowa collections.
Rhodites bicolor var. minor Trotter, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 103. gall.
Aegilips monticola Ashmead, 1902. In Slosson, Ent. News 13: 320, 17: 323. MS.
Periclistidea monticola Ashmead, 1902. In Slosson, Ent. News 13: 5. Both generic and specific

names MS.
Einnayria nniltiarticiilota Ashmead, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 14: 133. gall
Kleidotoina )iigrosns Ashmead, 1906. hi Nason, Ent. News 17: 9. 9. MS.
Cynips^ obovata Stebbins, 1910. Springfield Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 2: 24. gall.
Neuroterus^ perpusillus Trotter, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 107. gall.
Figites pini Harris, 1833. Geol. Mass., Rpt., p. 587. MS.
Diploic pis potent iliac Harris, 1833. Geol. Mass., Rpt. p. 587. MS.

Andricus pscudocallidonia Trotter, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 105. gall.
Cynips quercusfloccicola Riley, 1890. In Packard. U. S. Ent. Comn., Rpt. 5: 115. gall.
Cynips quercusfrondosa Bassett, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc 3: 688. gall.
Cynips quercusmellaria Riley, 1880. Amer. Ent. 3: 298. gall.
Cynips^ sera Stebbins, 1910. Springfield Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 2: 24. gall.
Rhodites silccstrii Trotter, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 103. gall.
Anacharis slossonae Ashmead, 1906. //( Slosson, Ent. New^s 17: 323. MS.
Rhodites sphacricus Stebbins, 1910. Springfield Mus. Nat. Hist, Bui. 2: 38, 106. gall.
Rhodites spinosellus Cockerell, 1890. Entomologist 23: 75. gall.

Cynips (Rhoditesn tuberculosa Osten Sacken, 1861. Stettin Ent. Ztg. 22: 415. 9, 3, gall.
Trigonaspis!' oaccinoides Trotter, 1910. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici, Bol. 5: 107. gall.
Dryophanta vesiculoides Riley, 1895. Science, n.s., 1: 462. MS.

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