Caenocephus aldrichi Bradley
B. C, Wash., Idaho, Oreg., Calif. Host: Cmiium maculatum(i). An adult
collection record.
Caenocephus aldrichi Bradley, 1905. Canad. Ent. 37: 363. ♀.
Caenocephus konowi Bradley, 1905. Canad. Ent. 37: 363. ♂.

Taxonomy: Middlekauff, 1952. Pan-Pacific Ent. 28: 108 (distribution; possible host).

Type-species: Macrocephus uhnariae Schlechtendal. Monotypic.
Cephosoma Gradl, 1881. Ent. Nachr. 7: 294.

Type-species: Cephosoma syringae Gradl. Monotypic.
Copiosoma Kirby, 1882. List Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 1, p. 364. Error for Cephosoma Gradl ?.
Adirus Konow, 1899. Ent. Nachr. 25: 74.

Type-species: Cephus trimaculatus Say. Monotypic.
Paradirus Dovnar-Zapolskii, 1931. Mus. Zool. Acad. Sci. Leningrad, Ann. 32: 39.

Type-species: Paradirus algiricus Dovnar-Zapolskii. Monotypic.

Larvae of this genus bore in stems of roses and berries. Of 15 species, only 3 are found in
North America.

Hartigia cowichana Ries
B. C, Wash., Oreg. Host: Rosa.

Hartigia cowichana Ries, 1937. Ent. News 48: 82. ♀.

Hartigia cressonii (Kirby)
Mont., Nev., Oreg., Calif. Host: Rosa, Rubiis.

Cephus abdominalis Cresson, 1880. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 8: 33. ♀. Preocc.

Cephus cressonii Kirby, 1882. List Hym. Brit. Mus., v. 1, p. 403. N. name.

Biology: Essig, 1912. Calif. Comm. Hort, Monthly Bui. 1: 889-901. — Essig, 1926. Ins. of
West. No. Amer., pp. 775-776. — Middlekauff, 1969. Calif. Ins. Surv., Bui. 11: 5-6.

Hartigia trimaculata (Say)
Que. to Fla. w. to B. C, Wash., Idaho, Utah, La.; Mexico. Host: Rosa,
Rubus.
Cephus trimaculatus Say, 1824. In Keating, Narr. Long's 2nd Exped., v. 2, (App.), p. 313. ♀, ♂.
Cephus mexicanus Guerin, 1845. Iconogr. Regn. Animal. Ins. 3: 403.
Phylloecus bicinctus Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7: 375. ♀.
Cephus bifasciatiis Cresson, 1880. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 8: 33. ♀.
Cephus fasciatus Cresson, 1880. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 8: 33. ♀.
Macrocephus nigripennis Ghigi, 1915. Redia 10: 306. ♀, ♂.

Biology: Britton, 1923. Conn. (State) Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 247: 372. — Champlain, 1924. Jour.
Econ. Ent. 17: 648.

Janus abbreviatus (Say)
Ont. to Va. w. to Man., Minn., 111. Host: Populus, Salix. Willow shoot
sawfly.
Cephus abbreviatus Say, 1824. In Keating, Narr. Long's 2nd Exped., v. 2, (App.), p. 314. ♀.
Xiphydria basalis Say, 1837. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 222. ♀.
Cephus heteropterus Norton, 1861. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Proc. 8: 224. ♂.
Cephus intei-niptus Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada, Hym. p. 355. ♀, ♂.

Biology: Middleton, 1917. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 19: 176. —Britton, 1918. Conn. (State) Agr.
Expt. Sta., Bui. 203: 359. — Zappe, 1926. Conn. (State) Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 275: 322.

Janus bimaculatus (Norton)
Que. and Maine to Md. w. to Minn., 111. Host: Viburnum lentago, V.
pninifolium.
Phylloecus bimaculatus Norton, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 346. ♀, ♂.
Cephus quadriguttatus Westwood, 1874. Thesaur. Ent. Oxon., p. Ill, pi. 20, fig. 11. ♀.

Janus integer (Norton)
Newfoundland to Md. w. to Man., Wash., Iowa. Host: Ribes. Currant stem
girdler.
Cephus integer Norton, 1861. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Proc. 8: 224. ♀.




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Jayius flaviventris Fitch, 1862. N. Y. State Agr. Soc, Trans. 21: 852.

Biology: Slingerland, 1897. Cornell Univ., Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 126: 41-53. — Middleton, 1917.
Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 19: 176. -Britton, 1921. Conn. (State) Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 226:
201-204.

Janus rufiventris (Cresson)
Oreg., Calif.

Cephus rufiventris Cresson, 1880. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 8: 33. ♀.

Cephus cinctus Norton
Man., Mich., Ohio, Mo., Ark. w. to Alta., Wash., Oreg., Calif. Ecology: Most

serious crop damage is in the wheat growing areas of the north central states and south
central provinces. The preferred host is wheat, but to a lesser extent spring rye, barley,
and timothy; also native grasses. Host: Triticum aestiviim, Secale cereale, Hordeum
vulgare, Phleum pratense, Agropyron, Beckmannia, Bromus, Calarnagrostis,
Calamovilfa, Deschampsia, Elymus, Festuca, Stipa. One or more species in the
preceding genera may be suitable hosts. Wheat stem sawfly.

Cephus cinctus Norton, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 86. ♂.

Cephus occidentalis Riley and Marlatt, 1891. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 4: 177. ♀, ♂.

Cephus graenicheri Ashmead, 1898. Canad. Ent. 30: 182. ♀, ♂.

Biology: Ainslie, 1920. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bui. 841, 27 pp. — Ainslie, 1929. U. S. Dept. Agr.,
Tech. Bui. 157, 23 pp. -Wallace and McNeal, 1966. U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech. Bui. 1350, 50 pp.
(history; damage; distribution; hosts; biology; control; breeding for sawfly resistance;
extensive bibliography to work prior to 1966, much to large to repeat here). — McWilliams,
Pesho, and Hodgin, 1970. Jour. Econ. Ent. 63: 993-994 (plastic light-filters for field studies
of behavior). -Villacorta, Bell, and Callenbach, 1971. Jour. Econ. Ent. 64: 749-751
(influence of high temperature and light on post-diapause development).

Morphology: Holmes, 1970. Canad. Ent. 102: 713-715 (sexing larvae).

Cephus pygmaeus (Linnaeus)
Ont., Mass., Conn., N. Y., N. J., Pa., Del, Md., N. C; Europe. Ecology:

Found mostly on cultivated grasses, primarily wheat, but to a lesser extent barley, rye,

and the uncultivated cheat grass. Introduced, first found in Ont. and N. Y. in the 1880's.

Host: Triticum aestivum, Secale cereale, Hordeum vulgare, Bromus secalinus.

European wheat stem sawfly.
Sirex pygmaeus Linnaeus, 1766. Syst. Nat., Ed. 12, p. 929.
Tenthredo longicomis Geoffroy, 1785. nt Fourcroy, Ent. Paris, p. 378.
Tenthredo polygona Gmelin, 1790. Syst. Nat., v. 5, p. 2670.
Banchus spinipes Panzer, 1801. Faunae Ins. German., heft 73, pi. 17.
Astatus floralis Klug, 1803. Monog. Siricum German., p. 53.
Banchus viridator Fabricius, 1804. Systema Piezatorum, p. 127.
Cephus subcylindricus Gravenhorst, 1807. Vergl. Uebers. Zool. Syst., p. 274.




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Cephiis Leskii Lepeletier, 1823. Monog. Tenthred., p. 20.
Cephus atripes Stephens, 1835. Illus. Brit. Ent., v. 7, p. 105.

Cephus flavistemus Costa, 1882. Accad. delle Sci. Fis. e Mat. Napoli, Rend., p. 198. ♀.
Cephus dypealis Costa, 1894. Prosp. Imen. Ital, v. 3, p. 250. ♂.
Cephus notatus Kokujev, 1910. Rev. Russe d'Ent. 10: 132. ♀.

Cephus tanaiticus Dovnar-Zapolskii, 1926. N. Caucasian Plant Protection Station, Bui. 1: 2,
5.

Biology: Comstock, 1889. Cornell Univ., Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 11: 127-142. —Chittenden, 1892.
U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 4: 344. — Ries, 1926. Jour. Agr. Res. 32: 277-295. -Udine,
1941. U. S. Dept. Agr. Circ. 607, 9 pp. —Wallace and McNeal, 1966. U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech.
Bui. 1350, 50 pp. (history; damage; distribution; hosts; biology; control; breeding for sawfly
resistance; extensive bibliography to work prior to 1966, too large to repeat here).

Morphology: Parker, 1934. Bol. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici 28: 159-191 (larval anatomy).

Calameuta clavata (Norton)
Idaho, Wash., Oreg., CaHf. Host: Grasses Specific hosts not known.
Phylloecus clavata Norton, 1869. Amer. Ent Soc, Trans. 2: 345. ♀.

Taxonomy: Benson, 1946. London Ent. Soc, Trans. 96: 103-104.

Trachelus tabidus (Fabricius)
N. Y., N. J., Pa., Del., Md., Va., W. Va., Mich., Ohio; Europe, N. Africa,

Asia Minor. Ecology: Found on cultivated grasses such as wheat, barley, rye, and oats.
No wild grass host is known in N. Amer. May not now occur in N. Y., N. J., and e. Pa
due to competition with Cephus pygmaeus. Introduced, first found in N. J. prior to
1899. Host: Triticum aestivum, Secale cereale, Hordeum vulgare, Avena. Black grain
stem sawfly.

Sirex tabidus Fabricius, 1775. Systema Ent., p. 326.

Sirex macilentiis Fabricius, 1793. Ent. Syst., v. 2, p. 131.




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Cephus 7)iandib2ilaris Lepeletier, 1823. Monog. Tenthred., p. 19.

Cephus nigritus Lepeletier, 1823. Monog. Tenthred., p. 20.

Cephus vittatus Costa, 1878. Accad. delle Sci. Fis. e Mat. Napoli, Atti. 7: 14.

CalamentaiDjohnsmii Ashmead, 1900. N. J. State Bd. Agr. Ann. Rpt. Sup., p. 600.

Biology: Gahan, 1920. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bui. 834, 18 pp. — Hauser, 1935. Jour. Econ. Ent. 28:
457-458. —Hauser, 1936. Ohio Agr. Expt. Sta. Bimonthly Bui. 21: 109-111. — Udine, 1941.
U. S. Dept. Agr. Circ. 607, 9 pp. -Wallace and McNeal, 1966. U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech. Bui.
1350, 50 pp. (history; damage; distribution; hosts; biology; control; breeding for sawfly
resistance; extensive bibliography to work prior to 1966, too large to repeat here).

Morphology: Parker, 1934. Bol. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. Portici 28: 159-191 (larval anatomy).


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