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Trigonostigma heteromorpha, Harlequin rasbora : aquarium
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Trigonostigma heteromorpha
Picture by
Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Cypriniformes
(Carps) >
Danionidae
(Danios) > Rasborinae
Etymology:
Trigonostigma:
Greek, tres, tria = three + Greek, gonias= angle, corner + Greek stigma = signal
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; benthopelagic; pH range: 5.0 - 7.0; dH range: 5 - 12. Tropical; 22°C - 25°C (Ref.
1672
)
Asia: Malay Peninsula: Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
13061
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 1;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 7;
Anal
spines
: 1;
Anal
soft rays
: 6. This species is shares with
T. truncata
, presence of a large black axine starting from approximately mid-body with dorsal apex near dorsal-fin origin, ventral apex near pelvic-fin origin, and caudal apex near caudal-fin base. It differs from all its congeners in the following set of characters: a steep sloping lateral head to pre-dorsal region (shared with
T. espei
, vs. a gentle sloping lateral profile from posterior of head to predorsal region for
T. truncata, T. hengeli, T. somphongsi
); terminal mouth (shared with all except
truncata
with a sub-superior mouth); caudal apex of axine reaching caudal-fin base (shared with all except
truncata
with caudal apex not reaching); dorsal and ventral apices of axine originate near to both dorsal-fin and pelvic-fin origins (shared with
truncata
vs. dorsal apex starting up to 3 scale-width posterior to dorsal-fin origin and ventral apex starting two scale-width after pelvic-fin origin in
espei, hengeli
, while axine is reduced to thick black stripe in
somphongsi
); dorsal fin with distinct orange/red pigments shared with
truncata, espei
(vs.
hengeli, somphongsi
with almost hyaline dorsal fin) (Ref.
122370
).
Inhabits forest streams (Ref.
13061
). Found in primary peat swamps in larger than 100 fish (Ref.
57235
). Feeds on worms, crustaceans and insects (Ref.
7020
). Eggs spawned at the underside of broad leaves and similar structures (Ref.
38434
). Aquarium keeping: in groups of 5 or more individuals; minimum aquarium size 60 cm (Ref.
51539
). Previously known as "Rasbora" but revised as separated genus by Kottelat & Witte (1999) (Ref.
57235
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Tan, H.H.
, 2020.
Trigonostigma truncata
, a new species of harlequin rasbora from Malay Peninsula (Teleostei: Danionidae). Raff. Bull. Zool. 68:421-433. (Ref.
122370
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
26 January 2019
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Aquarium: highly commercial
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.3 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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