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Overview |
Main identification features
- front 1/2 body pale
- pectoral: inner base and upper rays white
- juvenile: black and blue + 2 ocelli, dorsal fin - brown tint
Dorsal rays XII, 15, (rarely 16); anal rays II, 13; pectoral rays usually 21 or 22 (rarely 20 or 23); lateral-line scales 20; gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 11-13; greatest body depth 1.8-2.0 in standard length.
Overall brown, lighter on head and anterior part of body, most of scales with blackish margin; white uppermost pectoral rays are diagnostic, also has prominent white band across base of rays on outer face of pectoral-fin axil; juveniles are bright blue with a prominent ocellus at the base of the soft dorsal fin and an ocellated black spot on the dorsal edge of the caudal peduncle.
Size: reaches a length of 18 cm.
Occurs along rocky shores.
Depth: about 1-16 m.
The central Gulf of California to Lobos de Afuera, Peru, plus the Revillagigedos, Galapagos, Cocos and Malpelo.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 16 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); benthic microalgae; sessile worms; sessile crustacea.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=27; Southern limit=-7; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=34; Longitudinal range=37.
Egg Type: Benthic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Omnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Corals; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Estuary; Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 18 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Marine.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Names | |
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Links to other sites | |
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References |
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Castro-Aguirre, J.L. and Balart, E.F., 2002., La ictiofauna de las islas Revillagigedos y sus relaciones zoogeograficas, con comentarios acerca de su origen y evolucion. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:153-170.
- Cuesta, T.C., 1932., Lista de los peces de las costas de la Baja California., Inst. Biol. Mexico, Anal, 3(1):75-80.
- Edgar, G.J. Banks, S., Fariña, J.M., Calvopiña, M. and Martínez, C., 2004., Regional biogeography of shallow reef fish and macro-invertebrate communities in the Galapagos archipelago., Journal of Biogeography, 31:1107-1124.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
- Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Madrid Vera , J. , Ruíz Luna , A. and Rosado Bravo, I., 1998., Peces de la plataforma continental de Michoacán y sus relaciones regionales en el Pacífico mexicano., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 42(2):267-276.
- Orellana, J.J., 1985., Marine Fishes of Los Cóbanos: Fishes of El Salvador., Sigma Found:126pp.
- Rubio, E.A., 1986., Notas sobre la ictiofauna de la Isla de Gorgona, Colombia., Boletin Ecotropica. Univ. Bog. Jorge Tadeo Lozano, 13:86-112.
- Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
- Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
- Vega, A.J., Villareal, N., 2003., Peces asociados a arrecifes y manglares en el Parque Nacional Coiba., Tecnociencia, 5:65-76.
- Victor, B. C. and Wellington, G. M., 2000., Endemism and the pelagic larval duration of reef fishes in the eastern Pacific Ocean., Marine Ecology Progress Series, 205:241-248.
- Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.
- Wellington, G. M. and Victor, B. C., 1989., Planktonic larval duration of one hundred species of Pacific and Atlantic damselfishes (Pomacentridae)., Marine Biology, 101:557-567.
- Wellington, G.M. and Robertson, D. R., 2001., Variation in larval life-history traits among reef fishes across the Isthmus of Panama., Marine Biology, 138:11-22.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stegastes&speciesname=acapulcoensis ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stegastes&speciesname=acapulcoensis
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stegastes&speciesname=acapulcoensis ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stegastes&speciesname=acapulcoensis
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stegastes&speciesname=acapulcoensis ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Stegastes-acapulcoensis.html
Stegastes acapulcoensis, Acapulco major
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Stegastes acapulcoensis
Picture by
Allen, G.R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Ovalentaria/misc
(Various families in series Ovalentaria) >
Pomacentridae
(Damselfishes) > Microspathodontinae
Etymology:
Stegastes:
Greek, stegastos, -e, -on = covered (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Fowler
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; non-migratory; depth range 2 - 16 m (Ref.
57763
). Tropical; 33°N - 9°S, 118°W - 77°W
Eastern Pacific: Baja California, Mexico to Lobos de Afuera, Peru, including the Cocos and Galapagos islands (Ref.
9334
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
?
range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
55763
); common length : 12.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
55763
); max. reported age: 32 years (Ref.
52465
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 12;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 15-16;
Anal
spines
: 2;
Anal
soft rays
: 13
Adults inhabit rocky reefs (Ref.
9334
). Territorial herbivore, feed on farmed turf-algae within their territories (Ref.
57615
). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref.
205
). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref.
205
). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref.
205
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref.
205
). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref.
205
). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref.
205
).
Allen, G.R.
, 1991. Damselfishes of the world. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. 271 p. (Ref.
7247
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
27 May 2008
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 22.3 - 28.6, mean 26.2 °C (based on 223 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01950 (0.00893 - 0.04257), b=2.99 (2.81 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tmax=32).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 114 [58, 186] mg/100g; Iron = 0.914 [0.539, 1.544] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.9, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.0936 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 31.1 [16.4, 64.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 39.3 [9.2, 158.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.28, 2.90] mg/100g (wet weight);
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- 20 July 2016
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on line
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Updated: 2024-06-20 09:49:33 gmt
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