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Diplectrum eumelum Rosenblatt and Johnson, 1974
ORANGE-SPOTTED SAND PERCH
Pointed sand-perch

Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Serranidae   Diplectrum

Diplectrum eumelum
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Diplectrum eumelum
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Overview
Main identification features
  • face: orange spots and stripe
  • tail fin base: black blotch
  • c: bars of orange spots
  • preopercle spur wide, angular
Body elongate, moderately compressed; angle of preopercle a broad, bluntly pointed bony spur with 8-14 long spines, wider than remainder of preopercular margin above; snout and between eyes scaleless; lateral line complete; scales moderately small, rough; dorsal fairly low, 10 spines, ~12 rays; tail semicircular to forked; pelvics under or a little before pectorals; snout blunt, convex tip; 18-22 rakers on first gill arch; dorsal X,12-13; anal III,7-8; last and first rays of each of dorsal and anal ~equal length; tail concave; 45-52 lateral line scales, 7-10 vertical rows of scales on cheek.

Upper head and body greybrown, with gold speckling; body sometimes with 5-8 indistinct narrow dark bars; belly white, yellow or light tan; 3-5 orange spots along cheek join orange bar that angles from eye down across preopercular spur, orange spots behind eye and on operculum; inside opercle with large black blotch and yellow area behind it; inside operculum black and yelow; spiny dorsal dusky, soft part blue with 2 orange stripes changing to spots at rear, fin margin black; tail with vertical rows of small orange spots; large black blotch on tail base; anal white, with yellow marks; pectoral & pelvic yellow.

Size: 31 cm.

Habitat: soft bottoms.

Depth: 15-100 m.

Southern Baja and the lower 3/4 of the Gulf of California to Ecuador, the Galapagos.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 100 m.
Depth Range Min: 15 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); bony fishes.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=29; Southern limit=-6; Western limit=-114; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=35; Longitudinal range=36.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Mud; Sand & gravel; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 31 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Bortone,., 1977., Revision of the sea basses of the genus Diplectrum (Pisces : Serranidae)., NOAA Tech. Rept., \.
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Cuvier , G. and Valenciennes, A., 1828., Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome second. Livre Troisième. Des poissons de la famille des perches, ou des percoïdes., Histoire Naturelle Des Poissons, 2:1-490.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
  • Franke , R. and Acero P., A., 1995., Peces Serranidos del Parque Gorgona, Pacífico Colombiano (Osteichthyes: Serranidae)., Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 19:593-600.
  • Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Rosenblatt , R.H. and Johnson, G.D., 1974., Two new species of sea basses of the genus Diplectrum, with a key to the Pacific species., Calif. Fish & Game, 60(4):178-191.
  • Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Diplectrum&speciesname=eumelum ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Diplectrum&speciesname=eumelum
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Diplectrum eumelum, Orange-spotted sand perch
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Diplectrum eumelum Rosenblatt & Johnson , 1974

Orange-spotted sand perch Add your observation in Fish Watcher
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Diplectrum eumelum   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pictures | Google image Image of Diplectrum eumelum (Orange-spotted sand perch) Diplectrum eumelum
Picture by Robertson, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Serranidae (Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets)
Etymology: Diplectrum: Greek, di = two + Greek, plektron = sting, spur (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on authors: Rosenblatt & Johnson .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 15 - 100 m (Ref. 9342 ). Tropical; 32°N -

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California and southern Baja California, Mexico to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 31.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9342 ); common length : 15.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits sandy or muddy bottoms, between 15 and 100 m depth. Probably too small to be of commercial importance.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Heemstra, Phillip C. | Collaborators

Heemstra, P.C. , 1995. Serranidae. Meros, serranos, guasetas, enjambres, baquetas, indios, loros, gallinas, cabrillas, garropas. p. 1565-1613. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9342 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 01 May 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 18.1 - 26.7, mean 23.3 °C (based on 39 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5002   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00629 - 0.01666), b=3.11 (2.97 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.5   ±0.9 se; based on diet studies. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low vulnerability (21 of 100).

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