|
| Links |
We parsed the following live from the Web into this page. Such content is managed by its original site and not cached on Discover Life. Please send feedback and corrections directly to the source. See original regarding copyrights and terms of use.
- FishBase
|
|
español |
|
|
Overview |
Main identification features
- initial phase : pink, white chin
- terminal phase : dark grey + pink and white bar
- juvenile: red + white stripe, black spots on fins
Dorsal rays XII, 10; anal rays III,12; pectoral rays 17-19; scales relatively small, 52-57 pored scales in lateral line; 2 pairs of enlarged, curved canines at front of each jaw; rear of upper jaw with prominent canine on each side; large adults develop hump on forehead.
Initial phase brownish red to rose with white chin; terminal phase with black head and white chin, pink to dusky red midsection and black rear portion of body; juveniles reddish orange with whitish midlateral stripe and large black spots on dorsal, anal and pelvic fins, also on caudal fin base.
Size: attains 91 cm.
Inhabits kelp beds and rocky shores.
Depth: 1-90 m.
Monterey, California to Baja and the western and central eastern Gulf of California.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap).
Depth Range Max: 90 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: sea-stars/cucumbers/urchins; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=37; Southern limit=24; Western limit=-122; Eastern limit=-110; Latitudinal range=13; Longitudinal range=12.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 91 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; California province, primarily; Continent only; All species.
Residency: Vagrant.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
|
|
|
Names | |
|
|
|
Links to other sites | |
|
|
|
References |
- Allen , G.R. and Robertson, D.R., 1994., Fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific., Crawford House Press Pty Ltd:1-332.
- Ayres, W. O., 1854., Description of new fishes from California. (Minutes of Academy meetings printed in "The Pacific" (a newspaper) shortly after each meeting. New species date to publication in The Pacific. Dates of publication are given in each species account)., The Pacific, 3.
- Breder, C.M. Jr., 1936., Scientific results of the second oceanographic expedition of the "Pawnee" 1926. Heterosomata to Pediculati from Panama to Lower California., Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Collect. Yale Univ., 2(3):1-56.
- Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
- Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., Pérez-España, H., Chávez-Ramos, H., 1996., Systematics list of the fishes from Cerralvo island, Baja California Sur, Mexico., Ciencias Marinas, 22:295-311.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
- Gomon, M.F., 1997., Relationships of fishes of the labrid tribe Hypsigenyini., Bull. Mar. Sci., 60:789-871.
- Gotshall, D.W., 1996., Fishes of Rocas Alijos. In Rocas Alijos. Ed. R. W. Schmieder. Cornell Expeditions., Kluwer Academic Publishers: 347-354.
- Jordan , D.S. and Gilbert, C.H., 1880., Notes on a collection of fishes from San Diego, California., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 3:23-34.
- Jordan , and McGregor,., 1898., List of fishes collected at the Revillagigedo archipelago and neighboring islands., Rept. U.S. Fisheries Comm., 24:271-284.
- Lea, R.N. and Rosenblatt, R.H., 2000., Observations on fishes associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño off California., CalCOFL Rep., 41:117-129.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Osburn , R. C. and Nichols, J. T., 1916., Shore Fishes Collected by the 'Albatross' Expedition in Lower California with Descriptions of New Species., Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35:139-181.
- Pondella II, D.J., Gintert, B.E., Cobb, J.R., Allen, L.G., 2005., Biogeography of the nearshore rocky-reef fishes at the southern and Baja California islands., Journal of Biogeography, 32:187-201.
- Ramírez Rodríguez, M., 1997., Producción pesquera en la Bahía de La Paz, B.C.S.. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:273-282.
- Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
- Victor, B. C. and Wellington, G. M., 2000., Endemism and the pelagic larval duration of reef fishes in the eastern Pacific Ocean., Marine Ecology Progress Series, 205:241-248.
- Victor, B. C., 1986., Durtation of the planktonic larval stage of one hundred species of Pacific and Atlantic wrasses (family Labridae)., Marine Biology, 90:317-326.
|
|
|
Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
|
|
| Supported by | |
|
Following modified from FishBase
|
Top | See original
http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Semicossyphus&speciesname=pulcher ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Semicossyphus&speciesname=pulcher
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Semicossyphus&speciesname=pulcher ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Semicossyphus&speciesname=pulcher
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Semicossyphus&speciesname=pulcher ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Semicossyphus-pulcher.html
Semicossyphus pulcher, California sheephead : fisheries, gamefish, aquarium
You can
sponsor
this page
Common name (e.g. trout)
Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)
-
-
About this page
-
Languages
-
User feedbacks
-
Citation
-
Uploads
-
Related species
-
California sheephead
Add your observation in
Fish Watcher
Upload your
photos
and
videos
Pictures
|
Videos |
Google image
Semicossyphus pulcher
Female picture by
Gotshall, D.W.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Eupercaria/misc
(Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae
(Wrasses)
Etymology:
Semicossyphus:
Greek, semi = half + Greek, kossyphos, -ou = a kind of fish (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Ayres
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 55 m (Ref.
9311
), usually 3 - 30 m (Ref.
9311
). Subtropical; 37°N - 22°N, 123°W - 106°W
Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Guadalupe Island (off northern central Baja California) and Gulf of California.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
?
range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
2850
); max. published weight: 16.0 kg (Ref.
2850
); max. reported age: 53 years (Ref.
56049
)
Prefer rocky bottom, particularly in kelp beds. Often feed on hard-shelled organisms such as sea urchins, mollusks, lobsters and crabs. Spawning occur during the summer and the eggs are pelagic (Ref.
9311
). Live to more than 50 years of age. Each individual functions first as a female but changes to a male at a length of about 30 cm. Pelagic spawners (Ref.
56049
). Flesh is white, of good quality and marketed fresh (Ref.
9311
). The large teeth can cause serious bite wounds.
A diandric species (Ref.
55367
). Transforms to a male at length of about 30.1 cm TL and 7.9 years of age (Ref.
55367
). Forms leks during breeding (Ref.
55367
). Pelagic spawner (Ref.
56049
).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann
, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref.
2850
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Vulnerable (VU)
(A2bd); Date assessed:
31 January 2006
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Traumatogenic (Ref.
13513
)
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial
FAO - Fisheries:
landings
; Publication:
search
|
FishSource
|
Sea Around Us
More information
Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration
Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance
BRUVS
References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Electrophoreses
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Nutrients
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision
Tools
Bio-Quiz
|
E-book
|
Field guide
|
Length-frequency wizard
|
Life-history tool
|
Point map
|
Classification Tree
|
Catch-MSY
|
Special reports
Check for Aquarium maintenance
|
Check for Species Fact Sheets
|
Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets
Download XML
Summary page
|
Point data
|
Common names
|
Photos
Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) |
Aquatic Commons
|
BHL
|
Cloffa
|
BOLDSystems
|
Websites from users
|
Check FishWatcher
|
CISTI
|
Catalog of Fishes
:
genus
,
species
|
DiscoverLife
|
ECOTOX
| FAO - Fisheries:
landings
; Publication:
search
|
Faunafri
| Fishipedia |
Fishtrace
| GenBank:
genome
,
nucleotide
|
GloBI
|
Google Books
|
Google Scholar
|
Google
|
IGFA World Record
|
MitoFish
|
Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes
|
Public aquariums
|
PubMed
|
Reef Life Survey
|
RFE Identification
| Socotra Atlas |
Tree of Life
| Wikipedia:
Go
,
Search
| World Records Freshwater Fishing |
Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 16.6 - 22.9, mean 21.2 °C (based on 30 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00456 - 0.02002), b=3.06 (2.89 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.6 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (tmax=53; tm=5; Fec=300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649
): Very high vulnerability (78 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Very high
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 17.8 [8.7, 35.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.485 [0.267, 0.889] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [16.7, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.187 [0.109, 0.324] g/100g; Selenium = 19.1 [9.5, 37.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 36.7 [11.3, 141.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.684 [0.467, 1.110] mg/100g (wet weight);
Back to Search
Random Species
Back to Top
Accessed through:
Not available
FishBase mirror site :
localhost
Page last modified by :
mrius-barile
- 20 July 2016
Fatal error
: Uncaught ArgumentCountError: Too few arguments to function checkEcotox(), 1 passed in /var/www/html/summary/speciessummary.php on line 2304 and exactly 3 expected in /var/www/html/includes/speciessummary.lib.php:2579 Stack trace: #0 /var/www/html/summary/speciessummary.php(2304): checkEcotox() #1 {main} thrown in
/var/www/html/includes/speciessummary.lib.php
on line
2579
|
Updated: 2024-06-16 19:23:17 gmt
|
