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Dissostichus eleginoides, Patagonian toothfish : fisheries
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Dissostichus eleginoides
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Perciformes/Notothenioidei
(Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae
(Cod icefishes) > Pleuragrammatinae
Etymology:
Dissostichus:
Greek, disso = twice, one or other + Greek, stix, stichos =line, row (Ref.
45335
)
;
eleginoides:
eleginoides
deriving from the genus
Eleginops
for an assumed resemblance to that genus (Ref.
11892
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref.
51243
); depth range 0 - 2144 m (Ref.
127764
), usually 70 - 1500 m (Ref.
2121
). Temperate; 33°S - 66°S, 77°W - 180°E (Ref.
54228
)
Southeast Pacific and Southwest Atlantic: southern Chile round the coast to Patagonia (Argentina) and the Falkland Islands. Southwest Pacific: Macquarie Island. Southern Ocean: South Georgia. Also known from sub-Antarctic islands and seamounts of the Indian sector.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
49.0
, range 38 - 60 cm
Max length : 215 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
2121
); common length : 70.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
2121
); max. published weight: 9.6 kg (Ref.
58336
); max. reported age: 31 years (Ref.
87879
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 8 - 10;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 28-30;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 28 - 30;
Vertebrae
: 53 - 54. Lateral line scales 88-104 (upper), 61-77 (lower).
At 12-15 cm TL, semi-pelagic juveniles become demersal at 150-400 m depth (Ref.
55957
). Adults migrate to deeper habitats at depths greater than 1,000 m (Ref.
55957
). Utilized as food fish (Ref.
4931
).
May spawn for the first time from around 8-10 years of age (Ref.
71843
).
Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon
, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref.
5179
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Not Evaluated
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 1.8 - 8.8, mean 4.5 °C (based on 1109 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00362 - 0.01099), b=3.15 (2.99 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec=230,000; tmax>=21).
Prior r = 0.38, 95% CL = 0.25 - 0.57, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649
): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Very high
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 11.6 [6.5, 19.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.335 [0.184, 0.568] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.9, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.744 [0.429, 1.253] g/100g; Selenium = 31.2 [16.4, 58.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.39 [3.17, 28.34] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.313 [0.219, 0.453] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
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