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Dorsal
spines
(total): 10;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 8-9;
Anal
spines
: 3;
Anal
soft rays
: 7 - 8;
Vertebrae
: 24. Body is olive above and white below, with a silvery-white stripe on the back beneath the dorsal fin. A row of golden yellow spots are on the sides, mid laterally from behind the tip of the pectoral fin to the caudal peduncle. The upper and lower edges of the caudal fins are reddish (Ref.
3810
).
Inhabits sandy bottoms close to coral reefs. Also near mangroves (Ref.
48635
). Frequently in silty areas with low visibility (Ref.
90102
). Occurs often in small groups. Feeds on benthic invertebrates and small fishes.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Russell, B.C.
, 1990. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 12. Nemipterid fishes of the world. (Threadfin breams, whiptail breams, monocle breams, dwarf monocle breams, and coral breams). Family Nemipteridae. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of nemipterid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(12):149p. Rome: FAO. (Ref.
3810
)
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 26.3 - 29.3, mean 28.8 °C (based on 1970 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01820 (0.01049 - 0.03156), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.7 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Low
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 62 [38, 132] mg/100g; Iron = 0.658 [0.316, 1.447] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.4, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.16 [0.09, 0.28] g/100g; Selenium = 23.7 [13.2, 46.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 77.5 [20.1, 251.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.5 [1.0, 2.2] mg/100g (wet weight);
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