www.fao.org Copyright Michel Lamboeuf · 0 Parmaturus xaniurus |
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Overview |
Main identification features
- flabby body
- ds = size 1st dorsal fin origin over pelvic origin 2nd dorsal fin origin over anal fin origin
- tail fin - serrated crest on top edge
A flabby, soft-bodied shark with short, rounded snouts that are < mouth-width long; small teeth with multiple points; nasal flaps triangular; eyes are elongate ovals; well developed ridges under eyes; 2 dorsal fins about same size; the origin of the first dorsal just behind origin of the pelvic fins, origin of 2nd dorsal over origin of anal fin; second dorsal smaller than anal fin; spiracles present; intestine with a spiral valve; 5 gill slits, with the last 2 over the pectoral fin; a crest of saw-like denticles on upper tail edge only; pectorals small, width of rear margin < mouth width; tail strongly asymmetrical with little of no lower lobe, and the tail base without keels on sides.
Grey-brown, without distinguishing color marks.
Reaches 71cm
A bottom living shark.
Depth range 88-1250m
Oregon to Baja and the western Gulf of California.
Attributes
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap).
Depth Range Max: 1250 m.
Depth Range Min: 88 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); octopus/squid/cuttlefish; bony fishes.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=44; Southern limit=24; Western limit=-125; Eastern limit=-110; Latitudinal range=20; Longitudinal range=15.
Egg Type: Benthic; No pelagic larva; No pelagic phase.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: East Pacific endemic; TEP non-endemic; All species.
Habitat: Mud; Sand & gravel; Rocks; Reef and soft bottom.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 71 cm.
Regional Endemism: California province, primarily; Continent only; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Continent; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Near Bottom; Bottom; Bottom + water column;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Gilbert, C.H., 1892., Scientific results of explorations by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer "Albatross." 22. Descriptions of thirty-four new species of fishes collected in 1888 and 1889, principally among the Santa Barbara Islands and in the Gulf of California., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 14:539-566.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Parmaturus&speciesname=xaniurus ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Parmaturus&speciesname=xaniurus http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Parmaturus&speciesname=xaniurus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Parmaturus&speciesname=xaniurus https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Parmaturus&speciesname=xaniurus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Parmaturus-xaniurus.html
Parmaturus xaniurus, Filetail catshark
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Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes
(Ground sharks) >
Pentanchidae
(Deepwater catsharks)
Etymology:
Parmaturus:
parma
(L.), from
parme
(Gr.), small shield;
oura
(Gr.), tail, presumably referring to upper edge of caudal fin “armed with modified” scales (per Garman 1913). (
See ETYFish
)
;
xaniurus:
xanion
(Gr.), comb for carding wool;
oura
(Gr.), tail, referring to crest-like row of tooth-like projections along upper edge of caudal fin. (
See ETYFish
)
.
More on author:
Gilbert
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; bathydemersal; depth range 88 - 1250 m (Ref.
96339
). Subtropical; 39°N - 20°N
Eastern Central Pacific: central California, USA to the Gulf of California.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
45.0
, range 43 - 47.5 cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
244
); 55.0 cm TL (female)
Found on the outer continental shelf and upper slope. Feeds on a variety of small fish (e.g. lanternfish) and invertebrates. Oviparous. Possesses an enlarged gill region which is an adaptation to areas with low dissolved oxygen levels. Has a high concentration of squalene in its liver which affords it neutral buoyancy. Regularly caught by bottom trawlers but not utilized at all.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
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Reproduction
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Spawning
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Eggs
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Fecundity
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Larvae
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref.
50449
).
Compagno, L.J.V.
, 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref.
244
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
24 November 2014
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 6 - 14.9, mean 7.9 °C (based on 29 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00282 (0.00160 - 0.00498), b=3.08 (2.92 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
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Updated: 2024-06-15 22:30:40 gmt
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