© Copyright Claire Najjar 2012 · -9 Abelmoschus moschatus Click on map for details about points. IDnature guides Dicotyledoneae Hawaii flora Neotropical flora North American Invasives Panama Dicotyledoneae Taiwan Dicotyledoneae Weeds Links Associates Missouri Botanical Garden We parsed the following live from the Web into this page. Such content is managed by its original site and not cached on Discover Life. Please send feedback and corrections directly to the source. See original regarding copyrights and terms of use. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk Flora of Taiwan, National Taiwan University 1 thumbnail  •  slide show Names Scientific source: Integrated Taxonomic Information System Supported by National Biological Information Infrastructure National Science Foundation Associates · map Family Scientific name @ source (records) Mycosphaerellaceae   Cercospora malayensis @ BPI (2) go to Discover Life's Facebook group Following modified from Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk    Top | See original Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)   [   PIER species lists  ]   [   PIER home  ] Abelmoschus moschatus Medik., Malvaceae Click on an image for links to BIGGER PICTURES Present on Pacific Islands?   yes Primarily a threat at high elevations?   no Other Latin names:   Abelmoschus sagittifolius (Kurz) Merr.; Hibiscus abelmoschus L.; Hibiscus sagittifolius Kurz Common name(s): [ more details ] Austral : fautia Chamorro : caamung, kámang, kamang Chinese : huang kui Chuukese : karereon, karereon nikapwerik nik, kareron, likonokon, niikapwériik, niikownown, nikapwerik, nikokon, setmwechin, sotumo English : annual hibiscus, musk okra, muskmallow, musky-seeded hibiscus, native rosella, ornamental okra, tropical jewel hibiscus Fijian : aukiki, o‘e‘e, okeoke, vakeke, wakeke, wakewake, wakiwaki French : ambrette, gombo musqué, graine de musc, ketmie des marais, ketmie musquée Japanese : Ryûkyû tororo aoi Mangarevan : pukawa Maori (Cook Islands) : ‘aute, ta‘uri‘au, vavai tara Niuean : fou hele, fou ingo Palauan : gongul Pohnpeian : kaanth, matai, metei, metey, methey, tehmetei Samoan : ‘aute toga, fau Tagaloa, fau mageso, fau samasama, fau tagaloa, vavae Samoa Solomon Pijin : te vasivasiakarai Tagalog : dalupang, kastiokastiokan, kastuli Tahitian : fautia, foutheea, pukawa Tongan : fau‘ingo, loa Ulithian : hathongethong Wallisian : fau ingo Yapese : kamwayang Habit:   herb Description:   "Herb or undershrub, 0.25-1.50 m, with taproot or root-tuber.  Stems solid, rarely fistular, as the petioles and pedicels, and both surfaces of the leaves mostly hispid by simple hairs, usually also with minute stellate hairs, rarely glabrous.  Leaves extremely variable in shape and size, in outline mostly orbicular to transversally elliptic, at base usually cordate, not incised, angular, or 3-7-palmilobed to -palmiparted, of the upper leaves usually narrower and often hastate or sagittate, with deltoid, triangular, ovate, obovate, spatulate, oblong, lanceolate or linear, sometimes pennilobed, obtuse, acute or acuminate segments, coarsely serrate to dentate, rarely entire, at base 5-9-nerved, without nectaries.  Stipules linear to filiform, simply hairy.  Flowers axillary, solitary.  Pedicel ± accrescent.  Epicalyx segments 7-10, rarely more, free, persistent, linear, filiform, lanceolate or oblong, usually acute, with simple hairs.  Calyx outside stellate-tomentose, inside simply sericeous.  Petals obovate, at apex rounded, at base fleshy and ciliate by simple hairs, for the rest scattered gland-hairs or glabrous.  Staminal column mostly yellow, at base dark purple, glabrous.   Ovary ovoid, hirsute; style hairy.  Capsule ovoid or globose, occasionally fusiform, acuminate with a short  rostrum, somewhat angular, usually hispid by simple, stiff hairs, often also with short simple hairs and minute stellate hairs, rarely glabrous, black or dark brown; valves chartaceous, inside smooth and shining.  Seeds concentrically ribbed, somewhat warty, mostly glabrous, sometimes ferrugineously stellate-tomentose, black-brown" (Borssum Waalkes, 1966; p. 90) "Coarsely hispid herb to 1 or 1.5 m tall, leaves ovate-suborbicular, usually 3-5-lobed, to 15 cm long; stems hirsute; calyx greenish, spathe-like, caducous; corolla bright yellow with a darker or purplish eye, 8-10 cm wide; fruit a hirsute capsule 6-8 cm long, ovoid-cylindric; seeds musky-scented" (Stone, 1970; p. 408). Habitat/ecology:   Weedy in open and disturbed areas.  In Guam, "it occurs in marshy locations" (Stone, 1970; p 408).  In Fiji, "found from near sea level to an elevation of about 450 m as a weed naturalized in gardens, plantations, ricefields, and clearings, and also occurring along trails and on the edges of forest"  (Smith, 1981; p. 423). Propagation:   Seed Native range:   India, southern China and tropical Asia, into the Pacific (GRIN). Presence: Pacific Country/Terr./St.  & Island group Location Cited status  & Cited as invasive  & Cited as cultivated  & Cited as aboriginal introduction? Reference  & Comments American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ofu Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Whistler, W. A. (1990) (p. 7) Voucher cited: Whistler 3046 American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Olosega Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Whistler, W. A. (1990) (p. 7) Voucher cited: Whistler 3064 American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Olosega Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1945) (pp. 50-51) Voucher cited: Garber 1085 (BISH) American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Olosega Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1925) (voucher ID: BISH 157653) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Olosega Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1975) (voucher ID: BISH 430269) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Olosega Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 37087) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Whistler, W. A. (1990) (p. 7) Vouchers cited: Judd s.n., Garber 601, Yuncker 9035, Yuncker 9298, Whistler 1418 American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1945) (pp. 50-51) Vouchers cited: Yuncker 9298(BISH), Yuncker 9035 (BISH), Garber 601 (BISH) American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 157643) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 157644) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1930) (voucher ID: BISH 157646) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1930) (voucher ID: BISH 157647) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1921) (voucher ID: BISH 157648) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1930) (voucher ID: BISH 157649) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1991) (voucher ID: PTBG 11056) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Manu‘a Islands Ta‘u Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 34601) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Tutuila Islands Tutuila Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Setchell, William Albert (1924) (p. 71) American Samoa Tutuila Islands Tutuila Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1920) (voucher ID: BISH 157654) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. American Samoa Tutuila Islands Tutuila Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 409636) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands Anatahan Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands Anatahan Island introduced invasive Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 32) Voucher cited: Falanruw 1646 (US) Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands Anatahan Island introduced Ohba, T. (1994) (p. 60) Voucher cited: CBM-BS-58829 Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands Anatahan Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1984) (voucher ID: BISH 667815) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Saipan Saipan Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Saipan Saipan Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1950) (voucher ID: BISH 157677) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Aitutaki Atoll   McCormack, Gerald (2013) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands ‘Atiu Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Mangaia Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Ma‘uke Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Miti‘aro Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Miti‘aro Island introduced invasive Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 96) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Rarotonga Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Rarotonga Island introduced invasive Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 63) Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Rarotonga Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 157658) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands Rarotonga Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1990) (voucher ID: BISH 664884) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Chuuk Islands   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 157681) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Chuuk Islands   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 157692) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Dublon (Tonowas) Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Dublon (Tonowas) Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 157688) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Fefan Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Tol Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Uman Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Weno (Moen) Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Weno (Moen) Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 157689) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands Yanagi Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1993) (voucher ID: BISH 633397) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island Kosrae Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island Kosrae Island introduced Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Waguk, Erick E. (2000) (p. Voucher specimen) Voucheer: BMW 5755 (BISH, BRI, GUAM) Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island Kosrae Island introduced invasive Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy (2010) (p. 19) Voucher cited: Lorence 7860 (PTBG) Naturalized Federated States of Micronesia Kosrae Island Kosrae Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1996) (voucher ID: PTBG 21125) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Glassman, S. F. (1952) (p. 67) Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island introduced invasive Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 107) Vouchers cited: M.J. Balick 4103 (NY, PTBG), A. Dores 67 (BISH, NY, PTBG), A. Dores 141 (BISH, NY, PTBG), A. Dores 189 (NY, PTBG), B. Ekiek 68 (NY, PTBG), B. Ekiek 108 (PTBG), F.R. Fosberg 26334 (BISH), F.R. Fosberg 60462 (BISH, PTBG), S.F. Glassman 2760 (BISH), S. Perlman 21397 (PTBG), A. Raynor 93 (NY, PTBG), S.H. Riesenberg 80 (BISH), M. Takamatsu 764 (BISH), M. Takamatsu 886 (BISH), N.S. Tangalin 1262 (PTBG) Naturalized Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 157685) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 157686) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 157691) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1949) (voucher ID: BISH 157694) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 157695) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1978) (voucher ID: BISH 188889) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1980) (voucher ID: BISH 652816) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1980) (voucher ID: PTBG 22138) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2000) (voucher ID: PTBG 42987) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 43581) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 43678) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 46134) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2002) (voucher ID: PTBG 48902) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Islands Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2007) (voucher ID: PTBG 50090) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands Fais Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands Fais Island introduced invasive Fosberg, F. R./Evans, M. (1969) (p. 9) Voucher cited: Fosberg 46714 (US) Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands Ifalik (Ifaluk) Atoll introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands Ifalik (Ifaluk) Atoll   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 157693) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands Ulithi Atoll introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands Ulithi Atoll   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1947) (voucher ID: BISH 157683) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Federated States of Micronesia Yap Islands Yap (Waqab) Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Fiji Fiji Islands Fiji Islands   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1928) (voucher ID: BISH 157631) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Kambara Island introduced invasive Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 423) Voucher cited: Bryan 499 Fiji Fiji Islands Kambara Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1924) (voucher ID: BISH 157632) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Rotuma Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 637946) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Taveuni Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1928) (voucher ID: BISH 157633) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Vanua Levu Island introduced invasive Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 423) Vouchers cited: Greenwood 571, DA 10755, DA 12039, DA 13115, Seemann 19, Gillespie 4773 Fiji Fiji Islands Vanua Levu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1957) (voucher ID: BISH 14745) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Vanua Levu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1957) (voucher ID: BISH 698397) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Vanua Mbalavu Island introduced invasive Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 423) Voucher cited: Garnock-Jones 1111 Fiji Fiji Islands Viti Levu Island introduced invasive Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 423) Vouchers cited: Degener 15061, Gillespie 2933, Gillespie 4385.2, DA 10029, DA 2086, DA 10941, DA 5614, Storck 869 Fiji Fiji Islands Viti Levu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1927) (voucher ID: BISH 157634) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Viti Levu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1927) (voucher ID: BISH 157635) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Fiji Fiji Islands Viti Levu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1941) (voucher ID: BISH 157637) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. French Polynesia Gambier Islands Akamaru Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Gambier Islands Akamaru Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Gambier Islands Akamaru Island introduced St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 18) Voucher cited: St. John 14670 (BISH) French Polynesia Gambier Islands Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Gambier Islands Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Gambier Islands Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 18) Voucher cited: Agassiz 115 (GH) French Polynesia Society Islands Bora Bora Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Society Islands Bora Bora Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Society Islands Huahine Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Society Islands Huahine Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Society Islands Maupiti (Maurua) Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Society Islands Maupiti (Maurua) Island introduced invasive Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1987) (p. 46) Voucher cited: Fosberg 64954 (US) Rare French Polynesia Society Islands Maupiti (Maurua) Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Society Islands Raiatea (Havai) Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 173) Vouchers cited: Moore 265, Florence 3460, BRY 26420 French Polynesia Society Islands Raiatea (Havai) Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Society Islands Raiatea (Havai) Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Voucher cited: J. Florence 3460 (PAP) Adventice French Polynesia Society Islands Raiatea (Havai) Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 491364) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. French Polynesia Society Islands Taha‘a Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 173) French Polynesia Society Islands Taha‘a Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Society Islands Taha‘a Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Society Islands Taha‘a Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 586801) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. French Polynesia Society Islands Taha‘a Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1982) (voucher ID: BISH 586803) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. French Polynesia Society Islands Tahiti Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 173) Vouchers cited: BRY 26043, BRY 26345 French Polynesia Society Islands Tahiti Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) Also subsp. tuberosus (J.B. Spanoghe) J. Borssum-Waalkes French Polynesia Society Islands Tahiti Island introduced invasive cultivated Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Vouchers cited: J. Florence 2906 (PAP), J. Florence 4659 (PAP), J. Florence 7614 (PAP), J. Florence & J.-C. Jolinon 8095 (PAP), P. Birnbaum 200 (PAP), J.-Y. Meyer 484 (PAP), F.R. Fosberg 65032 (PAP); also subsp. tuberosus (J.B. Spanoghe) J. Borssum Waalkes, cultivated. Adventice French Polynesia Society Islands Tahiti Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1987) (voucher ID: BISH 553688) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. French Polynesia Society Islands Tahiti Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1985) (voucher ID: BISH 659370) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Raivavae (Raevavae) Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Raivavae (Raevavae) Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Vouchers cited: J. Florence & W.R. Sykes 11224 (PAP), J. Florence & W.R. Sykes 11305 (PAP) Adventice French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Raivavae (Raevavae) Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 643334) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Rapa Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Rapa Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Rimatara (Rimitara) Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Tubuai Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Florence, J. (2004) (pp. 156-159) French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Tubuai Island introduced invasive Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013) Adventice French Polynesia Austral (Tubuai) Islands Tubuai Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1922) (voucher ID: BISH 157657) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Guam Guam Island Guam Island introduced invasive Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (p. 408) Vouchers cited: Stone 4312 (GUAM), Stone 4449 (GUAM) Guam Guam Island Guam Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Guam Guam Island Guam Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1918) (voucher ID: BISH 157675) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Guam Guam Island Guam Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1962) (voucher ID: BISH 157676) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Guam Guam Island Guam Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1918) (voucher ID: BISH 157682) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands Kaua‘i Island introduced invasive cultivated Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 870) Voucher cited: Rock s.n. (BISH) Present status unknown. State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands O‘ahu Island introduced Wester, Lyndon (1992) (p. 142) Japan (offshore islands) Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands introduced Kato, Hidetoshi (2007) Marshall Islands Ratak Chain Arno Atoll introduced invasive cultivated Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2007) (p. 4) Confirmed by personal communication. Marshall Islands Ratak Chain Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll introduced invasive cultivated abo. intro. Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 25) New Caledonia Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands) Îles Ouvéa (Ouvea Atoll) introduced invasive MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 96) Voucher cited: Däniker 3010 (Z) Spontané New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago Île Grande Terre introduced invasive MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 96) Vouchers cited: Balansa 1054, Däniker 2563 (Z), MacKee 29408 Spontané Niue Niue Niue Island introduced Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 112) Vouchers cited: CHR 170324, CHR 170325, CHR 170326, CHR 170333 Niue Niue Niue Island introduced invasive abo. intro. Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 29) Niue Niue Niue Island introduced invasive Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 7) Voucher: Flynn 6700 (PTBG, US, NIUE) Niue Niue Niue Island introduced invasive Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (p. 92) Vouchers cited: Yuncker 9636 (BISH), Yuncker 10162 (BISH) "Frequent in clearings and waste areas". Niue Niue Niue Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2000) (voucher ID: PTBG 30172) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Palau Hatohobei Group Tobi Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 625621) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Palau Hatohobei Group Tobi Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1992) (voucher ID: BISH 625687) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Palau Hatohobei Group Tobi Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1992) (voucher ID: BNM 93) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medic. Palau Kayangel Atoll Kayangel Islet introduced invasive Miles, Joel (2015) (p. 2) ref cites other taxa as "Cultivated," but not this one, so implication is that this taxon was found in a non-cultivated situation (PT@PhilipT.com/20170602) Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group) Babeldaob Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group) Babeldaob Island   Raulerson, L./Rinehart, A. F./Falanruw, M. C. (1996) (p. 31) Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group) Babeldaob Island introduced invasive Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 8) Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group) Kayangel (Ngcheangel) Island introduced invasive Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 8) Voucher: Lorence 9796 (PTBG, BNM, NY,TAMU, US) Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group) Kayangel (Ngcheangel) Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2008) (voucher ID: PTBG 89) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Palau Palau (Belau ) (main island group) Peleliu (Beliliou) Island introduced Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 161) Papua New Guinea Bismarck Archipelago Bismarck Archipelago invasive Peekel, P. G. [translated by E. E. Henty] (1984) (p. 365) Abundant, waste places particularly on damp ground. Also var alba , abundant in Imperata grassland. The plant has a tuberous root which enables it to survive fires and dry periods. Papua New Guinea Bougainville Islands Bougainville Island   Foreman, D. B. (1971) (p. 46) Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Philippines Philippine Islands Philippine Islands native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Philippines Philippine Islands Philippine Islands   Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 40) In open, usually moist grasslands, old clearings, etc., at low and medium altitudes. Samoa Western Samoa Islands Savai‘i Island introduced invasive Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 69) Voucher: Flynn 6949 (PTBG, US, SAMOA) Samoa Western Samoa Islands Savai‘i Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 157651) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Samoa Western Samoa Islands Savai‘i Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 157652) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Samoa Western Samoa Islands Savai‘i Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1906) (voucher ID: BISH 157655) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Samoa Western Samoa Islands Savai‘i Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1906) (voucher ID: BISH 440245) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Samoa Western Samoa Islands Savai‘i Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2002) (voucher ID: PTBG 281) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Samoa Western Samoa Islands Upolu Island introduced invasive Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 65) Samoa Western Samoa Islands Upolu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1968) (voucher ID: BISH 28554) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Samoa Western Samoa Islands Upolu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 157650) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Samoa Western Samoa Islands Upolu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1973) (voucher ID: BISH 417680) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Anuta Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1971) (voucher ID: BISH 80084) Taxon name on voucher: Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Solomon Islands introduced cultivated Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 43) Tonga Ha‘apai Group Ha‘apai Islands   Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 41) Voucher cited: Soakai 562 Tonga Ha‘apai Group ‘Uiha Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1959) (voucher ID: BISH 41302) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Tonga Tongatapu Group ‘Eua Island   Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 41) Voucher cited: Parks 16208 Tonga Tongatapu Group ‘Eua Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 183) Voucher cited: Yuncker 15585 Tonga Tongatapu Group ‘Eua Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 157641) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Tonga Tongatapu Group ‘Eua Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1926) (voucher ID: BISH 157645) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Tonga Tongatapu Group Tongatapu Island   Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 41) Voucher cited: Soakai 200 Tonga Tongatapu Group Tongatapu Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1958) (voucher ID: BISH 41190) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Tonga Vava‘u Group Late Island introduced Sykes, W. R. (1981) (p. 349) Tonga Vava‘u Group Vava‘u Island   Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 41) Voucher cited: Crosby 5 Tonga Vava‘u Group Vava‘u Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 183) Voucher cited: Yuncker 16030 Tonga Vava‘u Group Vava‘u Island   Burkill, I. H. (1900) (p. 28) Tonga Vava‘u Group Vava‘u Island   Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1953) (voucher ID: BISH 157642) Taxon name on voucher: Hibiscus abelmoschus Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands Wallis (‘Uvea) Island introduced invasive Morat, Ph./Veillon, J.-M. (1985) Morat & Veillon, 1985, cited in Meyer, 2007 Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands Wallis and Futuna Islands   Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 29) Pacific Rim Country/Terr./St.  & Island group Location Cited status  & Cited as invasive  & Cited as cultivated  & Cited as aboriginal introduction? Reference  & Comments Australia Australia (continental) Australia (continental) native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Western Australia Australia Australia (continental) Australia (continental) native Hyland, B. P. M./Whiffin, T./Zich, F. A. (2013) subsp. tuberosus (Span.) Borss.Waalk. Western Australia Australia Australia (continental) Northern Territory native Hyland, B. P. M./Whiffin, T./Zich, F. A. (2013) subsp. tuberosus (Span.) Borss.Waalk. Australia Australia (continental) Queensland native Hyland, B. P. M./Whiffin, T./Zich, F. A. (2013) subsp. tuberosus (Span.) Borss.Waalk. Cambodia Cambodia Cambodia (Kingdom of) native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) China China China (People's Republic of) native Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013) China China Hong Kong native Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 97) Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia (Republic of) native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Malaysia Malaysia Malaysia (country of) native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Mexico Mexico Mexico (United Mexican States) introduced invasive U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized Singapore Singapore Singapore (Republic of) introduced invasive Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 9) Casual Taiwan Taiwan Island Taiwan Island native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Thailand Thailand Thailand (Kingdom of) native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Vietnam Vietnam Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) native U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Indian Ocean Country/Terr./St.  & Island group Location Cited status  & Cited as invasive  & Cited as cultivated  & Cited as aboriginal introduction? Reference  & Comments Maldives Maldive Islands Maldive Islands   Fosberg, F. R. (1957) (p. 26) Seychelles Seychelles Islands Frégate Island   Robertson, S. A./Todd, D. M. (1983) (p. 54) Voucher cited: Todd 2741 Seychelles Seychelles Islands Seychelles Islands introduced Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017) Also reported from Country/Terr./St.  & Island group Location Cited status  & Cited as invasive  & Cited as cultivated  & Cited as aboriginal introduction? Reference  & Comments United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states) United States (other states) introduced invasive U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized Comments:   Smith (1981, p. 423) says it's probably an inadvertent aboriginal introduction to Fiji. Drake et al. (1996, pp. 65-77) list it as a Polynesian introduction to Tonga. It was not seen on ‘Eua or Vava‘u, Tonga, in 2001 (Space & Flynn) so it must be fairly rare at those locations. Control:   If you know of control methods for Abelmoschus moschatus, please let us know . Need more info? Have questions? Comments? Information to contribute? Contact PIER! 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