Reprinted with permission of the University of Nebraska State Museum from:
LaBerge, W. E. 1967. A revision of the bees of the genus Andrena of the Western Hemisphere. Part I. Callandrena (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 7: 1-316.
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A. levipes is a very small and distinctive species of Callandrena from California and Oregon. The female of levipes is readily identified by the narrow facial fovea which is separated from the lateral ocellus by more than one ocellar diameter and which is slightly broader in the lower third than in the upper third. Both sexes (.en have the abdomen red or banded with red and the face unusually long, as described below. The male is less distinctive than the female but can be distinguished from other small species of Callandrena by the sixth sternum having a moderately deep, V-shaped, median emargination and the apicolateral angles forming distinct, blunt, recurved teeth.
Mr. P. H. Timberlake, according to labels he left on certain specimens, considered this species as representative of a new monotypic subgenus. The present author has placed A. levipes in the subgenus Callandrena because, in spite of the unique characteristics of the female, levipes does have the diagnostic Callandrena features of barbed scopal hairs, short maxillary palpi, bidentate labral process, incomplete propodeal corbicula and banded terga. Furthermore, the male of levipes does not bear features which are unique or which would distinguish them from all other Callandrena.
FEMALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — N = 20; length, 7.5-9.0 mm; width, 1.5-2.5 mm; wing length, M= 2.53 ± 0.105 mm; FL/FW, M= 1.21 ± 0.018; FOVL/FOVW, M =7.72 ± 0.123.
INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Black except as follows: mandible rufescent or mostly so; flagellar segments 2 or 3 to 10 red below; tegula piceous; wing membranes hyaline, veins dark brown; terga entirely red or dark with apical margins hyaline, bases red and just basad of apical margins red forming three or four, more or less red bands or in between these extremes; sterna red with hyaline apical margins; distitarsi dark rufescent; tibial spurs yellow.
STRUCTURE. — Antennae short, scape length equals first three and one-half flagellar segments; flagellar segment 1 subequal in length to segments 2 plus 3; segment 2 about equal in length to 3 and slightly shorter than 4; segments 2-5 broader than long, 6-8 quadrate, 9-10 longer than broad. Eye about tour times as long as broad or slightly longer, inner margins parallel or converging slightly towards ocelli. Malar space linear Mandible bidentate, in repose surpassing middle of labrum by about one-third its length; basoventral angle and lamella absent; subgenal coronet well developed. 1 Galea pointed, rounded from dorsum to side, lateral surface equals about half of dorsal or more; surface moderately dulled by coarsely reticular shagreening, punctures minute, sparse. Maxillary palpus about as long as gale; o; slightly shorter, segmental ratio about 1.1:1.0:0.8:0.7:0.7:0.8. Labial palpus with first segment slightly curved, broadest near tip, segmental ratio about 1.7:1.0:0.8:0.9. Labral process sharply bidentate, slightly deflected. Clypeus evenly rounded from side to side, protruding beyond level of lower margins of eyes by about one-third its median length; punctures medially separated mostly by one-half to one puncture width, more crowded laterally and near posterior margin, surface shiny, unshagreened. Supraclypeal area moderately shiny, with minute, crowded punctures and fine shagreening. Genal area slightly broader than eye in profile, with small punctures separated mostly by one puncture width and delicate shagreening, surface moderately shiny. Vertex above lateral ocellus equals one ocellar diameter or less; punctures crowded above ocelli and in small area above facial fovea, elsewhere sparse, surface shiny, shagreening absent or delicate. Face above antennal fossae with strong parallel longitudinal rugulae teaching ocelli and between lateral ocellus and facial foveae, interrugal spaces with coarse punctures, shiny. Facial fovea narrow, well separated from eye margin, broader in lower third than in upper third, extending below to level of lower margins of antennal fossae or almost, above separated from lateral ocellus usually by about one and one-half ocellar diameters, always by more than one diameter.
Pronotum normal with scattered punctures, dulled above reticular shagreening, moderately shiny laterally. Mesoscutum with minute round punctures separated mostly by half a puncture width (slightly more posteromedially). sin (arc shiny. Tegula normal, punctate. Scutellum as in mesoscutum. Metanotum dulled by minute crowded punctures and fine tessellation. Propodeum with dorsal enclosure with extremely fine, irregular rugulae basally, surface moderately dulled by fine tessellation; dorsolateral and posterior surfaces with round punctures separated mostly by two puncture widths or less and dulled by dense tessellation; lateral surface shiny, with coarsely reticular shagreening and punctures scattered throughout. Mesepisternum dulled by small crowded punctures and fine tessellation, punctures sparse posteriorly. Metepisternum impunctate and shiny in lower two-thirds, minutely punctate above. Fore wing with three submarginal cells, second cell along posterior margin not much longer than one-third of first cell; veins 1st m-cu meets second submarginal cell near or before middle of cell; pterostigma about as broad as from inner margin prestigma to wing margin. Claws and tibial spurs normal.
Metasomal tergum 1 with minute punctures separated mostly by one to two puncture widths, surface shiny. Terga 2-4 with minute punctures separated mostly by one-half to one puncture width, surface shiny, shagreening present on terga 3 and 4 but delicate. Pygidial plate V-shaped with apex rounded, sides usually slightly concave. Sterna 2-5 with small punctures separated mostly by one to two puncture widths, surfaces slightly dulled by fine reticular shagreening.
VESTITURE. — Generally pale ochraceous, vertex and thoracic dorsum slightly darker. Mesoscutal and scutellar hairs short, erect. Terga 2-4 with pale apical fasciae, that on tergum 2 interrupted medially by about one-third width of tergum; tergum 1 with short al patches of apical fasciae. Propodeal corbicula incomplete anteriorly, internally with scattered long plumose hairs throughout. Trochanteral flocculus complete, well developed. Tibial scopal hairs long, with minute, close-set barbs in outer half or more of ach hair; posterior half of scopa brown in darker specimens, entirely pale ochraceous in pale specimens. Inner surfaces tarsi pale yellow.
MALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — N = 20; length, 6-8 mm; Width, 1.5-2.0 mm; wing length, M = 2.40 ± 0.098 mm; FL/FW, M = 1.19 ± 0.008; FS1/FS2, M = 1.80 ± 0.040.
INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Black except as follows: mandible with apices rufescent; clypeus cream-colored or pale yellow except apical margin brown, lateral angles black, dark maculae mesad and below tentorial pits and, rarely, slightly infuscated along posterior margin; flagellar segments 3-11 reddish-brown below; tegula piceous to translucent reddish-brown; wing membranes hyaline, veins dark brown to reddish-brown; terga often piceous except apical margins; terga 1-5 usually hyaline and reddish just basad of apical margins and at extreme bases of terga 2-6 to form red bands across metasoma at least at apices of terga 1-3, often on terga 4 and 5 as well; occasionally terga 2 and 3 largely red and rarely 2 and 3 entirely red and 4 largely so; sterna 2-5 red with hyaline apical margins; distitarsi dark rufescent; tibial spurs pale yellow.
STRUCTURE. — Antennae moderately short, in repose barely surpassing tegulae; scape almost as long as first three flagellar segments; flagellar segment 1 slightly longer than segment 3 and twice as long as 2; segment 3 distinctly shorter than 4; segments 4-11 longer than broad. Eye about three and one-half times as long as broad, inner margins converging slightly towards mandibles. Malar space, mandible and galea as in female. Maxillary palpus as in female but segmental ratio about 1.0:1.0:0.9:0.7:0.6:0.7. Labial palpus as in female but segmental ratio about 1.6:1.0:0.6:0.8. Labral process as in female. Clypeus as in female but punctures separated 1 mostly by half a puncture width. Supraclypeal area, genal area and vertex as in female. Face above antennal fossae as in female but median rugulae diverging towards ocelli. Facial fovea represented by narrow impression near inner margin compound eye.
Thoracic sculpture and structure as in female except as follows: mesoscutal and scutellar punctures slightly coarser; propodeum with dorsolateral and posterior surfaces with punctures more crowded and tessellation coarser; lateral surface propodeum moderately dulled by fine tessellation. Metasomal terga as in female but tergum 5 as in terga 2-4. Pseudopygidial area present, with narrow median ridge slightly broadened basad. Sterna 2-5 with apical margins narrowly impunctate, basally with small punctures separated mostly by two to three puncture widths. Sternum 6 rather deeply emarginate medially, apicolateral angles forming piceous, recurved, blunt teeth.
Genitalia and sterna 7 and 8 (Figs. 336-340) similar to those of gardineri. Note the following structures: penis valves penned apically; sternum 7 long medially, with narrow V-shaped apical emargination; sternum 8 with neck region somewhat broadened in lower, half, expanded apically, shallowly emarginate. _
VESTITURE. — Generally pale ochraceous or cinereous, vertex and thoracic dorsum slightly darker. Terga 2-5 with pale apical fasciae that on tergum 2 broadly interrupted medially, on tergum 3 narrowly so. Sterna 2-5 with relatively short subapical fimbriae, that on sternum 2 less distinctly formed. Inner surfaces tarsi pale yellow.
TYPE MATERIAL. — The holotype (UCB) female and the allotype (UCB) male from Lockwood Creek near Stauffer, Ventura County, California, were collected on Linanthus aureus by P. D. Hurd In addition, 52 female and 23 male paratypes (UCB; INHS; PHT; GEB) from Ventura County, California, are as follows: Lockwood Creek near Stauffer, 16 females, 5 males, same data as the holotype; 1 female, May 5, 1959, on L. aureus, G. I. Stage; 15 females, 9 males, May 7, 1959, on L. aureus, P. H. Timberlake. Chuchupate Ranger Station (Frazier Mountain). 2 females, 2 males, May 2, 1959, on Baeria chrysostoma, P. D. Hurd; 1 female, May 2, 1959, on B. chrysostoma, G. I. Stage; 1 female, May 5, 1959, on B. chrysostoma, Powell; 2 males, May 5, 1959, on B. chrysostoma, P. D. Hurd; 2 females, 2 males, May 8, 1959, on B. chrysostoma, P. D. Hurd; 4 females, 1 male, May 8, 1959, on B. chrysostoma, P. H. Timberlake; 8 females, May 10, 1959, on B. chrysostoma, P. H. Timberlake. Hungry Valley, 5 miles S. of German. 1 female, 1 male, April 10, 1960, G. I. Stage; 1 female, May 6, 1959, . Powell. Mt. Pinos. 1 male, May 31, 1943, R. M. Bohart.
DISTRIBUTION. — A. levipes is known from California and Oregon. It has been collected from April 2nd through June 17th but chiefly in May. In addition to the type material, 98 females and 17 males have been examined from localities listed below (type localities included).
CALIFORNIA: Canebrake Creek (3 miles W. of Walker Pass), Kern Co.; Carrville; Chuchupate Ranger Station, Frazier Mt., Ventura Co.; Del Puerto Canyon, Stanislaus Co.; Desert Springs; Fawn Lodge, Trinity Co.; Finley (4 miles W.); Hemet Reservoir (San Jacinto Mts.), Riverside Co.; Hungry Valley (5 miles S. of German), Ventura Co.; Kern Camp, San Jacinto Mts.; Idylwild, Riverside Co..; Indian Wells (3.5 miles N.W.), Kern Co.; Lockwood Creek linear Stauffer), Ventura Co.; Mather; McKittrick; Morongo Valley; Mt. Pinos, Ventura Co.; New Cuyama; Pearlblossom (5 miles N.); Panoche Hills, San Benito Co.; Santa Rosa Summit, Riverside Co.; Shasta County; Short Canyon (6 miles W. of Inyokern), Kern Co.; Temblor Range (12 miles E. of Simmler), S. L. Obispo Co.; Walker Pass, Kern Co.; Weldon (16 miles S.) OREGON: Antelope Mt., Harney Co.
FLORAL RECORDS. — A. levipes seems to be somewhat polylectic in pollen-collecting habits. It has been taken most frequently on flowers of Linanthus aureus (10 out of 25 collections with floral a) and next most frequently on Baeria chrysostoma. A, levipes been taken from flowers of the following plants: Baeria sp., B. chrysostoma. Coreopsis bigelovii, Cryptantha sp., Linanthus sp., L. aureus, Phacelia distans.
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