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Andrena livida LaBerge, 1977
Life   Insecta   Hymenoptera   Apoidea   Andrenidae   Andrena
Subgenus: Thysandrena


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Overview
Reprinted with permission of the American Entomological Society from: LaBerge, W. E. 1977. A revision of the bees of the genus Andrena of the Western Hemisphere. Part VIII. Subgenera Thysandrena, Dasyandrena, Psammandrena, Rhacandrena, Euandrena, Oxyandrena. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 103: 1-144.

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This small pale species from the southwest is closely related to Andrena medionitens which it resembles in the complete tergal bands, the short thoracic hairs and the shiny clypeus. However, it also resembles knuthiana in frequently having dark hairs on the thoracic dorsum and on the last few terga and in having the pale hairs mostly white to extremely pale ochraceous. Occasional specimens of livida with interrupted tergal bands are almost indistinguishable from smaller, paler specimens of knuthiana (especially males). Most livida specimens have dark legs and wing veins as in knuthiana and w-scripta but rarely these structures are somewhat reddened and approach the usual condition in medionitens. The clypeus of livida is shiny with moderate-sized punctures and usually with an impunctate midline as in medionitens.

FEMALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — N = 20; length, 7-9 mm; width,; 2-3 mm; wing length, M = 3.09 ± 0.236 mm; FL/FW, M = 0.99 ± 0.006; FOVL/FOVW, M = 3.19 ± 0.056.

INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Black except as follows: mandible with apical half to one-third rufescent; flagellum black to dark brown below; wing veins black to dark reddish-brown, membranes hyaline, not infumate or extremely slightly so; tegula black to slightly reddened; terga 2-4 often with apical areas slightly translucent (holotype); tarsi dark, rarely slightly rufescent (dark in holotype); tibial spurs testaceous.

STRUCTURE. — Antennal scape length equals about first three and one-half flagellar segments; flagellar segments as in medionitens. Eyes each almost Be and one-half times as long as broad, inner margins parallel to converging slightly towards mandibles. Malar space, mandible and galea as in medionitens. Maxillary palpus as in medionitens but segmental ratio about 11.0:1.0:0.8:0.8:0.7:0.7. Labial palpus as in medionitens but ratio about as 1.0:0.5:0.5:0.7. Labral process distinctly bidentate, labrum apical to process with distinct but relatively weak median crista. Clypeus as in medionitens but punctures relatively small, impunctate midline usually present. Genal area as in medionitens. Vertex above lateral ocellus slightly less than one ocellar diameter, sculptured as in medionitens. Pace above antennal fossae as in medionitens. Facial fovea as in medionitens but separated from lateral ocellus by slightly less than one ocellar diameter (about as 7:8).

Pronotum normal, laterally moderately shiny to dull, with coarse reticulate shagreening and minute, obscure punctures. Mesoscutum with punctures as in medionitens, surface dulled by reticular shagreening except usually shiny posteromedially. Scutellum similar but usually shiny medially. Propodeum and mesepisternum as in medionitens. Wing venation, pterostigma and vannal lobe as in medionitens.

Metasomal tergum 1 with punctures minute, separated mostly by two to four punctures widths, surface moderately shiny to dull, reticularly shagreened. Terga 2-4 as in tergum 1 but punctures often more evident and more crowded especially along base of apical areas, surfaces often dulled by coarse, dense, reticular shagreening but usually transversely reticular at least at extreme bases of terga. Pygidial plate much as in medionitens but often more blunted apically. Sterna as in medionitens.

VESTITURE. — Generally white or extremely pale ochraceous except as follows: facial fovea often (holotype) with upper half brown; vertex usually with dark brown hairs; mesoscutum posteromedially and scutellum medially often with brown hairs mixed with pale (holotype); terga 3-4 with white apical fasciae complete (holotype), rarely extremely narrowly interrupted on tergum 3 (often due to wear); tergum 2 with fascia narrowly interrupted medially; terga 5 and 6 brown with pale hairs laterally; sternal hairs short and usually brown basally, white and long apically; scopal hairs white except near basitibial plate; outer surface mid-tibia usually brown (holotype). Pollen-collecting hairs normal for subgenus. Clypeal hairs sparse to absent except basally.

MALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — N = 20; length, 6-9 mm; width, 1.3-2.0 mm; wing length, M = 2.98 ± 0.244 mm; FL/FW, M = 0.98 ± 0.004; FS1/FS2, M = 0.99 ± 0.012.

INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Black with same exceptions as female but flagellum usually dark brown below.

STRUCTURE. — Antenna moderately long, reaching metascutum in repose scape length equals first two and one-half flagellar segments; flagellar segment 1 about as long as segment 2, shorter than 3, all longer than broad but none as long as one and one-half times its breadth. Eyes each about three and one-half times as long as broad, inner margins converging slightly towards mandibles. Malar space, mandible, galea, maxillary palpus, and labial palpus as in female. Labral process bidentate, labrum without cristae or with a single extremely weak median crista present. Clypeus as in female but punctures smaller and median impunctate line often absent (as in allotype). Supraclypeal, area, genal area, vertex and face as in female.

Thoracic sculpturing as in female except mesoscutum and scutellum usually dulled by coarse reticular shagreening (as in allotype) and propodeum with surfaces more distinctly roughened. Wings as in female.

Metasomal terga sculptured as in female but more often moderately shiny in apical areas (although with fine reticular shagreening present). Sterna 2-5 as in female but punctures sparse. Sternum 6 flat, shallowly emarginate. Terminalia as in Figures 52-56.

VESTITURE. — White to extremely pale ochraceous except as follows: head hairs often largely black except on clypeus, face and lower genal area (as in allotype) to white with black on vertex; mesoscutum and scutellum with abundant dark hairs mixed with pale to entirely pale; mesepisterna often with dark hairs mixed with pale (allotype) to entirely pale; tergum 2 with pale apical band interrupted medially usually by less than one-third width of tergum; terga 3 and 4 with apical white fasciae usually complete, rarely narrowly interrupted on tergum 3; tergum 5 usually with a weak pale apical fringe; terga 6 and 7 with hairs all pale, golden to white (allotype) to pale brown medially; sternal hairs white. Sternum 6 with hairs not forming a thick apical fringe or brush.

Names
Scientific source:

Supported by

Hosts · map
FamilyScientific name @ source (records)
Asteraceae  Baileya multiradiata @ BBSL (1)

Pectis sp @ BBSL (2)

Verbesina sp @ BBSL (1)
Berberidaceae  Berberis sp @ BBSL (9)
Brassicaceae  Descurainia pinnata @ BBSL (4)

Lesquerella sp @ BBSL (1)
Hydrophyllaceae  Phacelia sp @ BBSL (1)
Malvaceae  Sphaeralcea @ AMNH_BEE (1)
Onagraceae  Camissonia sp @ BBSL (1)
Rhamnaceae  Ceanothus perplexans @ UCRC_ENT (2)
Rosaceae  Prunus fasciculata @ UCRC_ENT (2)
_  Withheld @ BBSL (24); BBSL__ZION (1)

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Updated: 2024-03-28 16:28:33 gmt
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