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Coelioxys hunteri Crawford, 1914
Life   Insecta   Hymenoptera   Apoidea   Megachilidae   Coelioxys
Subgenus: Synocoelioxys

Coelioxys hunteri, male, side 2012-08-09-15.57.10
© Copyright source/photographer · 9
Coelioxys hunteri, male, side 2012-08-09-15.57.10

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Coelioxys hunteri, male, back 2012-08-09-15.36.02
© Copyright source/photographer · 9
Coelioxys hunteri, male, back 2012-08-09-15.36.02
Coelioxys hunteri, male, face 2012-08-09-15.45.41
© Copyright source/photographer · 9
Coelioxys hunteri, male, face 2012-08-09-15.45.41

Coelioxys hunteri, female, face
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Coelioxys hunteri, female, face
Coelioxys hunteri, female, side
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Coelioxys hunteri, female, side

Coelioxys hunteri, female, top
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Coelioxys hunteri, female, top
Coelioxys hunteri, female, wing
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Coelioxys hunteri, female, wing

Coelioxys hunteri, M, abdomen posterior, MD, Cecil County
© Copyright source/photographer · 5
Coelioxys hunteri, M, abdomen posterior, MD, Cecil County
Coelioxys hunteri, Donna K. Race
Donna K. Race · 1
Coelioxys hunteri, Donna K. Race

Coelioxys hunteri, Donna K. Raceb
Donna K. Race · 1
Coelioxys hunteri, Donna K. Raceb
Coelioxys hunteri, s6 tip obtuse without subapical notches or narrowing
© USDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Logan Utah · 1
Coelioxys hunteri, s6 tip obtuse without subapical notches or narrowing

Coelioxys hunteri, anterior impunctate area on scutum
© USDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Logan Utah · 1
Coelioxys hunteri, anterior impunctate area on scutum
Coelioxys hunteri, scutum and head
© USDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Logan Utah · 1
Coelioxys hunteri, scutum and head

Coelioxys hunteri sqamose hairs on vertex
© USDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Logan Utah · 1
Coelioxys hunteri sqamose hairs on vertex
Coelioxys hunteri, s6 tip obtuse without subapical notches or narro
© USDA Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Logan Utah · 1
Coelioxys hunteri, s6 tip obtuse without subapical notches or narro
Overview
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1962 Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 152.

FEMALE—Length 13-14.5 mm.; black, tegulae brownish-testaceous, legs more or less reddened; eyes slightly convergent below; lateral ocelli subequally distant from margin of vertex and each other, slightly more distant from eyes; cheeks somewhat narrower than eyes, subcarinate posteriorly, angulate below and slightly concave just above the angle, but this closely sculptured; clypeus very slightly convex, apical margin very broadly outcurved, median area more nearly straight, margin with a very narrow fringe of pale hairs; median tooth of mandibles low but distinct; median length of labrum somewhat greater than basal width; punctures rather coarse, sparse across vertex and between ocelli, area around anterior ocellus strongly swollen and impunctate; punctures of cheeks fine and close beneath the short and thin pubescence; punctures fine and close around antennae beneath the pubescence, supraclypeal area rather closely and deeply punctate on each side of an obscure, median, impunctate line; clypeus finely and irregularly rugoso-punctate; pubescence of head and thorax short, entirely pale, copious around antennae and sides of face, the clypeus largely bare; pubescence short and rather dense on cheeks, short and sparse on pleura, but more dense just below wing bases and around tubercles, the scutello-mesothoracic suture with a very fine line of pale tomentum, and scutum anteriorly with a pair of transverse lines of tomentum which end at a rather dense spot on each side of mid-line; pubescence of propodeum rather thin and elongate, entirely whitish; transverse carina of tubercle erect and conspicuous, somewhat incurved medially, extended somewhat along anterior margin of scutum, scutellum rather broadly rounded apically, subtriangular, posterior surface quite abrupt and densely tomentose; axillae acute, projecting conspicuously from sides of scutellum (fig. 64); front coxal spines represented by low, carinate tubercles; punctures of scutellum rather coarse, well separated over median area, becoming rather close between notaulices and tegulae; scutellum more closely and deeply punctate, the punctures only slightly separated; punctures of axillae separated, but rather numerous; pleura somewhat shining, punctures quite widely separated and sparse, becoming somewhat closer just below tegulae; lateral faces of propodeum somewhat smoother but dull, minutely and obscurely punctate beneath the elongate pubescence, posterior face minutely punctate toward sides but these disappearing medially, dorsal area velvety, becoming very narrowly and obscurely substriate along upper margin; wings subhyaline basally, becoming rather strongly infuscated toward apical margin, 2nd recurrent vein reaching 2nd submarginal cell slightly nearer apex than 1st does to base, or, in some specimens, these distances subequal; basal abdominal tergum with both basal and apical, white, tomentose fasciae; punctures rather sparse in large part; terga 2 and 3 with transverse, sub-basal grooves evident toward sides, but these obliterated medially, the grooves with tomentose fasciae, punctures rather fine and close between these and the base, remainder of disc sparsely punctate medially, becoming somewhat more closely punctate at extreme sides; terga 2-4 slightly depressed apically, with dense entire, white, tomentose fasciae, 4 rather sparsely punctate medially, becoming closely punctate toward sides; tergum 5 rather dull, more finely punctate, apical margin depressed but not definitely fasciate; tergum 6 dull, very finely, striately and closely punctate, apical third triangularly pointed, surface more deeply and striately punctate in part, but becoming impunctate along rim (fig. 65); sternum 6 considerably exceeding the tergum in length, triangularly acute at tip, surface rather dull, rather deeply punctate toward base but punctures becoming obscure toward apex, with a rather conspicuous, lateral and apical fringe of elongate hairs; sterna 1-4 shining, punctures deep, distinct, quite coarse, slightly separated in large part, somewhat closer at extreme sides, apical margins slightly depressed, yellowish-hyaline, and rather thinly, white fasciate; sternum 5 narrowly rounded apically, surface somewhat shining, doubly and finely punctate, with scattered, distinct punctures on a minutely and closely punctate background, apical margin very narrowly depressed but not fasciate.


DISTRIBUTION — New Mexico and Texas to Indiana, North Carolina and Florida; April to August.
FLOWER RECORDS — Bidens, Heleniurn and Mentha.
It seems possible that hunteri is the female of floridana Cresson, but the relationship remains to be proven.






Reprinted with permission from: Baker J. R. 1975. Taxonomy of five nearctic subgenera of Coelioxys (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 50(12):649-730.


FEMALE. Agrees with figures and description of Coelioxys texana except as follows: (1) Length 10.5.13.5 mm; (2) integument with scape, legs and metasoma darker than ferruginous, scape and metasome sometimes black; (5) clypeus medially with slightly raised impunctate line, apically with 0.1 mm fringe of slender setae barely obscuring margin, medioapically with 5-10 setae 02-0.3 mm long; (6) clypeoantennal distance shorter than lateral margin of clypeus; (7) lateral third of paraocular area hidden by setae, medial area visible between erect setae; (8) rest of face closely punctate except for slightly raised median line; (11) interocellar and ocelloccipital distances equal, greater than ocellocular distance; (15) mandible more slender than Figure 11A (Fig. 11C); (17) lateral surface of mesepisternum with about as many or more punctures than minute punctures; (21) front coxal spine rounded in frontal view; (22) tergum 6 narrowly rounded apically (Fig. 14C); (23) sternum 6 acute apically (Fig. 14C).

MALE. Agrees with figures and description of Coelioxys texana except as follows: (24) Length 10-12.5 mm; (25) integument as in female (2 above); (29) clypeoantennal distance as in female (5 above); (30) paraocular area hidden except for small inner area by setae 0.4 mm long; (34) interocellar distance less than ocellocular distance which is less than ocelloccipital distance; (37) hypostomal area of gena with setae much shorter than genal setae; (38) mandible as in female (15 above); (40) mesepisternum as in female (17 above); (45) carina of tergum 6 crenulate or more commonly denticulate, asymmetrical (Fig. 12G) tergum 7 with apical projection slightly more attenuate than shown in Figure 13A.
DISTRIBUTION AND SEASON OF FLIGHT. Coelioxys hunteri has a range similar to that of C. texana except C. hunteri has been taken further north (Fig. 18). As with C. texana, the longest series has been taken in the vicinity of the Southwestern Research Station five miles west of Portal, Arizona. Coelioxys hunteri has been taken from March 14 (Florida) to September 18 (Oregon).
HABITAT. Coelioxys hunteri extends through a wide variety of vegetation types in the United States. In the West, it is associated with areas classified as fir-hemlock (Abies-Tsuga), pine-spruce (Pinus-Picea), juniper-pinyon (Juniperus-Pinus) forests as well as western shrub (Atriplex-Sarcobatus) and shrub-grassland (Bouteloua, Hilaria, Larrea) vegetation types. In the central United States, C. hunteri has been collected in shinnery (Quercus-Andropogon), bluestem prairie (Andropogon, Panicum, Sorghastrum), and oak-hickory (Quercus-Carya) vegetation types. Further east, it extends from the northern hardwood forests down to marl-everglades (Mariscus and Persea, Taxodium), subtropical-pine (Pinus-Tetrazygia), and mangrove (Avicennia-Rhizophora) vegetation types.
GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION. Size, using head width of males as an index, was found to vary geographically in Coelioxys hunteri (Females were not used in this study because sample sizes from the eastern United States were too small to yield meaningful results). Head widths of nine males from Florida (3.64 ± 0.133 mm) were significantly larger than those of 15 males from the rest of the eastern United States (3.48 ± 0.130 mm) or 109 males from Southern California, Arizona, New Mexico, western Texas and Mexico (3.38 ± 0.144).
COMPARATIVE COMMENTS. Coelioxys hunteri, a medium to large bee, most closely resembles C. texana but differs in the males by the bare appearance of the hypostomal area and in the females by the apically very narrowly rounded sixth sternum. Also in the males of C. hunteri. the lateral ocellus is subequally distant from the eye and occipital margin, whereas in C. texana the lateral ocellus is closer to the eye than to the occipital margin.

Names
Scientific source:

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FamilyScientific name @ source (records)
Asteraceae  Baccharis glutinosa @ AMNH_BEE (3)

Gutierrezia @ AMNH_BEE (1)
Fabaceae  Melilotus alba @ BBSL (1)

Melilotus officinalis @ AMNH_BEE (18)
_  Withheld @ BBSL (13); BBSL__ZION (3)

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