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Cosmocampus arctus O. P. Jenkins and B. W. Evermann, 1889
SNUBNOSE PIPEFISH
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Syngnathidae   Cosmocampus

Cosmocampus arctus
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Cosmocampus arctus

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Cosmocampus arctus
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Cosmocampus arctus
Cosmocampus arctus
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Cosmocampus arctus

Cosmocampus arctus
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Cosmocampus arctus
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • snout short; skin flaps near eye, on body
  • white stripe behind eye; white saddles on back
  • c: small
  • ridge on operculum
  • anal fin has 2-4 rays
Dorsal rays 18-20; anal rays 2-4; pectoral rays 10-12 (usually 11); body rings 14-17 (usually 15) + 36-41; upper longitudinal ridges on trunk and tail discontinuous; middle trunk ridge straight, ending near anal ring; lower trunk and tail ridges continuous; head length 8.1-13.2 in standard length; a ridge along operculum; snout short (length 2.3-4.0 in head length); skin flaps frequently present around eye and elsewhere on body; male brood pouch under tail; small tail fin.

Reddish to dark grey with narrow whitish bars and/or pale saddles on back; usually a whitish stripe on head behind eye.

Size: attains 13 cm.

Inhabits rock or coral reefs; often found among red algae.

From shallow depths to at least 20 m.

Southern California and through the Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos.

Dawson (1985) recognized three subspecies: C. arctus arctus from California to Mazatlan, Mexico, C. arctus coccineus (Herald) from Central Mexico to Peru, including Galapagos, and C. arctus heraldi. Fritzsche from San Felix Island in the Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 20 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); zooplankton.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=33; Southern limit=-9; Western limit=-118; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=42; Longitudinal range=40.
Egg Type: Brooded; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore; Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Macroalgae; Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 13 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Dawson, C.E., 1985., Indo-Pacific Pipefishes., Gulf Coast Research laboratory:230.
  • De la Cruz , J. , Galvan , F. , Abitia , L. A. , Rodriguez , J. and Gutierrez, F. J., 1994., Lista sistematica de los peces marinos de Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Systematic List of marine fishes from Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico)., Ciencias Marinas, 20:17-31.
  • Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
  • Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
  • Jenkins , O.P. and Evermann, B.W., 1889., Description of eighteen new species of fishes from the Gulf of California., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 11:137-158.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
  • Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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