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Naso lituratus (Bloch &. Schneider, 1801)
CLOWN UNICORNFISH
Black-finned Unicornfish; Clown Surgeonfish; Orange-spine Unicorn; Orange-spine Unicornfish; Orangespine Unicornfish; Pacific Orange-spine Unicorn; Smooth-headed Unicornfish; Stripe-face Unicornfish; Stripe-faced Unicorn Fish; Stripe-faced Unicorn-fish; Acanthurus lituratus Bloch and Schneider, 1801

Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Acanthuridae   Naso

Naso lituratus
© Copyright John Rangall, 2006 · 0
Naso lituratus

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Overview
Main identification features
  • no horn
  • dark brown; yellow stripe eye to mouth
  • tail base : 2 keels in orange blotches
  • c: yellow margin
Body elongate, oval; snout pointed, slopes at about 45°; adult without horn; teeth small, conical, with tips slightly depressed, smooth or with slight denticulations 2 pairs of large, forward pointing cutting keels on plates on narrow tail base; pelvics I, 3; tail concave, males with long filaments from top and bottom; dorsal VI, 27-30; anal II, 28-30; pectoral 16-17 rays.

Grey brown body and head; lips orange; snout, between eyes and behind mouth black, with yellow edging; nape yellow; dorsal black, grey and white margin; cutting plates on tail base in 2 orange spots; tail black, thin yellow margin; anal orange, thin black and white marginal lines; pelvics yellowish; pectoral dark grey.

Size: 45 cm.

Habitat: reefs and rocky shores; usually in sheltered habitats, although also on exposed outer reefs.

Depth: 0-35 m; juveniles usually 5-15 m; adults usually 5-20 m.

An Indo-Pacific species observed at Clipperton Island.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 35 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: benthic macroalgae.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=11; Southern limit=11; Western limit=-110; Eastern limit=-110; Latitudinal range=1; Longitudinal range=1.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Herbivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: All Pacific (West + Central + East); Indo-Pacific only (Indian + Pacific Oceans); TEP non-endemic; "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific); All species.
Habitat: Corals; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 45 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s) only; Island (s); Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Eastern Pacific non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Vagrant.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Near Bottom; Bottom + water column;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Allen , G.R. and Robertson, D.R., 1997., An Annotated Checklist of the fishes of Clipperton Atoll, Tropical Eastern Pacific., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 45:813-843.
  • Bloch , M. E. and Schneider, J. G., 1801., M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. Sumtibus Austoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum., Systema Ichthyol., :1-584.
  • Robertson , D.R. and Allen, G.A., 1996., Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll., Coral Reefs, 15:121-131.
  • Smith , M. M. and Heemstra, P., 1986., Smith's Sea Fishes. Johannesburg: Macmillan South Africa. 1047 pp., Macmillan South Africa:1047pp.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Naso&speciesname=lituratus ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Naso&speciesname=lituratus
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Naso&speciesname=lituratus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Naso&speciesname=lituratus
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Naso&speciesname=lituratus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Naso-lituratus.html
Naso lituratus, Orangespine unicornfish : fisheries, aquarium
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Naso lituratus ( Forster , 1801 )

Orangespine unicornfish Add your observation in Fish Watcher
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Nasinae
Etymology: Naso: Latin, nasus = nose (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on author: Forster .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 90 m (Ref. 9710 ), usually 5 - 30 m (Ref. 37792 ). Tropical; 35°N - 30°S, 105°E - 130°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

East Indian Ocean from Christmas Pacific Ocean: Honshu, Japan south to the Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia and east to the Hawaiian Islands, French Polynesia, and Pitcairn. Eastern Pacific: Clipperton Island. Once regarded a wide-ranging Indo-Pacific species, the Indian Ocean population is now recognized as a separate species, Naso elegans .

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 37792 ); max. published weight: 2.3 kg (Ref. 125599 )

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 26-29; Anal spines : 2; Anal soft rays : 27 - 30. This species is distinguished by the following characters: D VI (rarely V or VII),26-29(modally 27); A II,27-30 (rarely 27 or 30); pectoral rays usually 17; body depths of adults 2.6-3.0 in SL; head dorsal profile sloping and smoothly convex (forehead no horn nor protuberances); two large peduncular plates, the keels with forward-projecting points in adults; caudal fin emaginate in young and truncate in adults; body brown to bluish gray, ventral half yellowish gray to yellow, the demarcation along middle of side often abrupt and irregular; edge of opercle and preopercle usually with a dark brown band; margin of lower lip broadly white with upper surface of tongue black in adults; gill rakers are blackish basally; blue caudal fin with a broad, brownish yellow, posterior border which narrows toward corners of fin; it is capable of changing overall into light grayish blue, as when at a cleaning station; when in courtship the males quickly display a broad, bluish white zone on the nape and anterior part of the body , followed by narrow bars of the same color that extend onto lower side (Ref. 54980 ).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found in areas of coral, rock, or rubble of lagoon and seaward reefs, Ref. 48637. Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302 ). Adults usually in small groups. Juveniles in shallow rocky reefs, sometimes in small aggregations mixed with other acanthurids of similar size (Ref. 48637 ). Feed mainly on leafy brown algae ( Sargassum and Dictyota ). Sometimes in large aggregations (Ref. 37792 ). Very seldom poisonous (Ref. 4795 ). Pair-spawning has been observed.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Probably spawn in pairs (Ref. 240 ).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Randall, John E. | Collaborators

Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene , 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 06 May 2010

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Venomous (Ref. 4716 )





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 24.5 - 28.9, mean 27.7 °C (based on 734 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02512 (0.01372 - 0.04599), b=2.97 (2.80 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  2.3   ±0.19 se; based on food items. Generation time: 3.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.3). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100). Price category (Ref. 80766 ):   Medium . Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 39.2 [20.9, 64.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.548 [0.291, 0.982] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.0, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.107 [0.068, 0.183] g/100g; Selenium = 42.6 [22.1, 79.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.3 [8.6, 134.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.18 [0.78, 1.74] mg/100g (wet weight);

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