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Nomeus gronovii (Gmelin, 1789)
BLUEBOTTLE-FISH
Bluebottle Fish; Portuguese Man-o'-war Fish; Portuguese Man-o-war Fish; Shepherd; Shepherd Fish; Nomeus dyscritus Whitley, 1931; Gobius gronovii Gmelin, 1789; Man-of-war Fish; Man-of-war fish -

Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Nomeidae   Nomeus

Nomeus gronovii
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Nomeus gronovii
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Overview
Main identification features
  • elongate
  • d: origin behind pectoral base
  • scales before eyes
  • tongue: without teeth
  • pelvic origin before/under pectoral base
  • juveniles: pelvics very large
Man-of-war fish

Dorsal rays IX-XII + I, 24-28, origin of 1st dorsal behind pectoral base; anal rays I or II, 24-29; pectoral rays 19-24; pelvic fins of juvenile greatly enlarged, origin under or before pectoral base; gill rakers on first arch 8 + 15 -19; scales on head to before eye; body elongate; tongue without teeth.

Juveniles silvery with black bars and spots, pelvic fins black with white blotches; adults uniformly dark brown.

Size: reaches 40 cm.

Inhabits surface layers of the high seas; young are associated with drifting Man-of-War siphonophores (Physalia).

Depth: 0-20 m.

Worldwide in warm temperate and tropical seas. The tip of Baja California to the eastern Gulf of California to Peruand the oceanic islands.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 20 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: pelagic jellyfish/ctenophores.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=29; Southern limit=-4; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=33; Longitudinal range=37.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore; Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Circumtropical ( Indian + Pacific + Atlantic Oceans); East Pacific + Atlantic (East +/or West); Transisthmian (East Pacific + Atlantic of Central America); East Pacific + all Atlantic (East+West); All Pacific (West + Central + East); TEP non-endemic; "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific); All species.
Habitat: Jellyfish; Water column.
Inshore Offshore: Offshore; Offshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 40 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Eastern Pacific non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Mid Water; Near Surface; Surface; Water column only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Ahlstrom , E. H. , Butler , J. L..and Sumida, B. Y., 1976., Pelagic stromateoid fishes (Pisces, Perciformes) of the eastern Pacific: Kinds, distributions and early life histories and observations on five of these from the northwest Atlantic., Bull. Mar. Sci., 26:285-402.
  • Allen , G.R. and Robertson, D.R., 1994., Fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific., Crawford House Press Pty Ltd:1-332.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
  • Gmelin, J. F., 1789., Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species; cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decimo tertia, aucta, reformata. 3 vols. in 9 parts. Lipsiae, 1788-93., Systema Naturae Linné, 1:1033-1516.
  • Grove , J.S. and Lavenberg, R. J., 1997., The fishes of the Galápagos islands., Stanford University Press:863 pp.
  • Kendall , W.C. and Radcliffe, L., 1912., The shore fishes. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, ... by the U.S. Fish Commission steamer ALBATROSS, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L.M. Garret, U.S.N., Commanding. XXV., Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 35(3):75-171.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1925., The marine fishes of Panama. Part II., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:331-707.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Nomeus&speciesname=gronovii ---> http://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Nomeus&speciesname=gronovii
http://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Nomeus&speciesname=gronovii ---> https://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Nomeus&speciesname=gronovii
https://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Nomeus&speciesname=gronovii ---> http://fishbase.de/summary/Nomeus-gronovii.html
http://fishbase.de/summary/Nomeus-gronovii.html ---> https://fishbase.de/summary/Nomeus-gronovii.html
Nomeus gronovii, Man-of-war fish : fisheries
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Nomeus gronovii ( Gmelin , 1789 )

Man-of-war fish Add your observation in Fish Watcher
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Nomeus gronovii   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pictures | Google image Image of Nomeus gronovii (Man-of-war fish) Nomeus gronovii
Picture by O'Donnell, P.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Nomeidae (Driftfishes)
Etymology: Nomeus: Greek, nomeys, -eos = shepherd (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on author: Gmelin .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 200 - 1000 m (Ref. 58302 ). Subtropical; 52°N - 45°S

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Newfoundland, Canada and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil (Ref. 7251 ). Eastern Atlantic: north-west Africa and the Canary Islands (Ref. 4777 ); also São Tomé Island (Ref. 34088 ). Not recorded from the Mediterranean and most of the eastern Atlantic (Ref. 9834 ). Indian and Pacific: widely distributed.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4412 )

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 9 - 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 24-28; Anal spines : 1-2; Anal soft rays : 24 - 29; Vertebrae : 41. Juveniles whitish or silvery with dark blue mottlings; pelvic fins black (Ref. 4412 ). Dark blue above, side silvery with patches of dark blue. Pelvic fin with inner rays joined to abdomen by membrane for its entire length (Ref. 26938 ).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found offshore in warm waters. Juveniles pelagic in coastal and offshore waters down to at least 30 m, but adults possibly demersal in deep water (Ref. 9563 ). Occur in association with floating Portuguese man-of-war, Physalia , feeding on its tentacles and gonads and may drift with it into shore waters with proper wind conditions (Ref. 4777 ). Probably also feed on other soft-bodied jellyfish as well as on zooplankton (Ref.4777).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Haedrich, R.L. , 1986. Nomeidae. p. 1183-1188. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4777 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 29 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 7.7 - 15.4, mean 10.4 °C (based on 658 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00420 - 0.02273), b=3.09 (2.88 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.7   ±0.38 se; based on food items. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). Price category (Ref. 80766 ):   Unknown .

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