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Extracted from: Molly G. Rightmyer1, Terry Griswold1, Michael S. Arduser. 2010. A review of the non-metallic Osmia (Melanosmia) found in North America, with additional notes on palearctic Melanosmia (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) ZooKeys 60: 37–77 Diagnosis. Osmia maritima is one of two currently known species of the xanthomelana
species group in North America (species with more or less shining ventral area of
the propodeal triangle, apically widened mandible in females, and distinctly swollen
gonoforceps in males). Females of O. maritima are distinguished from the other North
American xanthomelana species group member, O. nearctica, by characteristics of the
mandible, outer hind tibial spur, and clypeus: the mandible has a third tooth that
is recessed below a distinct carina between the second and fourth teeth (Fig. 8) (O.
nearctica with the third tooth in the same plane as the second and fourth teeth and no
carina, Fig. 10); the outer hind tibial spur is strongly curved apically (O. nearctica with
outer hind tibial spur weakly curved apically), and the apical truncation of the clypeus
is not distinctly set apart from the lateral apical margin of the clypeus, Fig. 55 (O.
nearctica with the apical truncation forming a 90 degree angle with the lateral apical
margin of the clypeus, Fig. 35). Females of O. maritima also have almost entirely black
pubescence on the clypeus (signifi cant amounts of light hairs throughout the clypeus
in O. nearctica) and longer hair on the galea in dorsal view. Males of O. maritima are distinguished from O. nearctica by their relatively long,
sparse hairs on the lower surface of the fl agellar segments (O. nearctica with these hairs
microscopic) and weakly emarginate S2 (O. nearctica with S2 midapical margin not
emarginate). Distribution. In the Nearctic, O. maritima is known only from the Northwest
Territories and Alaska. In the Palearctic, O. maritima is known from the Netherlands,
Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland east to Mongolia and through
Russia to Far Eastern Siberia (Müller 2010). Comments. We have not found any male specimens of O. maritima in the material
of nearctic Osmia available to us. It is possible that once male specimens are discovered
they may prove to be a distinct species from their palearctic relatives (if, as in O.
aquilonaria, the novel diagnostic characters of the species are only found in the males);however, since a holarctic distribution is well established for other Osmia species (e.g.,
O. inermis and O. nigriventris), until proven otherwise we conservatively retain the
name O. maritima for this species. Interestingly, there appear to be two female morphs
of O. maritima. Specimens from Alaska and the Russian Far East share pale hair on
the paraocular area and mesepisternum and scarcely sculptured apical areas on T2 and
T3; females from the Northwest Territories and western Europe have dark hair on the
paraocular area and mesepisternum and microsculptured apical areas of T2 and T3. Osmia maritima from the Palearctic is known to be polylectic and nests in sandy soil
with cells composed of chewed leaves and sand grains (Müller 2010 and references therein).
Material examined. CANADA: NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, Inuvik Region,
17 June 1971 (1♀, Ottawa), 20–25 June 1971 (3♀, Ottawa), 28–30 June
1971 (1♀, Ottawa), 11 July 1948 (1♀, Ottawa); NETHERLANDS: Terschelling,
2 June 1969 (1♂, 1♀, Logan); RUSSIA: Siberia, 5 July 1992 (1♂, Davis), 12 July
1992 (1♀, Davis); USA: ALASKA, Fairbanks North Star Borough, 31 July 1985
(1♀, Davis); Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, 21 June 1984, Oxytropis campestris
(3♀, Davis); Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, 17 May 1991, Dodecatheon frigidum
(1♀, Davis), 19 June 1992, Penstemon gormanii (1♀, Davis).
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