Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Perdita halictoides, male, face |
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Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Perdita halictoides, male, side |
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Perdita halictoides, male, top |
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Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Perdita halictoides, male, wing |
© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014
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Perdita halictoides FEM CFP comp |
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© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014
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Perdita halictoides MALE mm .x ZS PMax |
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Perdita halictoides, F, Back, St johns Co, Fl |
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Perdita halictoides, F, Back, VT, Chittenden County |
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Perdita halictoides, F, Face, St johns Co, Fl |
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Perdita halictoides, F, Face, VT, Chittenden County |
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Perdita halictoides, F, Side, VT, Chittenden County |
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Perdita halictoides, F, Sidewith vibration, VT, Chittenden County |
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Perdita halictoides, male, face |
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Perdita halictoides, M, U, back |
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Perdita halictoides, M, U, face |
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Overview |
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960 Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.
FEMALE—Length 4 mm.; head and thorax bluish-green, abdomen piceous, without conspicuous maculae; face slightly longer than distance between eyes; eyes parallel; cheeks subequal to eyes in width; vertex rather broad, lateral ocelli subequally distant from its hind margin and from eyes; foveae elongate, rather broad, quite deep and distinct; mandibles yellow with ferruginous tips; labrum dark ferruginous; clypeus rather narrow and elongate, protruding considerably below suborbital line, entirely piceous, with shallow, fine, well separated and rather inconspicuous punctures; facial mnculae absent; scape obscurely yellowish at extreme base anteriorly, otherwise dark, the flagellum pale brownish beneath, somewhat darker above; face and cheeks rather dull, the punctures barely evident; pubescence of head and thorax extremely short and thin, entirely white; thorax entirely dark, without maculae; tegulae yellowish-hyaline; wings subhyaline, veins pale testaceous, the stigma rather dark brownish; legs dark brownish, front tibiae yellow anteriorly and front tarsi entirely yellow; scutum and scutellum dull, almost black, the punctures very fine and indistinct, rather sparse, pleura more bluish-green, dull above, but somewhat shining below, with very fine but somewhat closer punctures; abdomen piceous, tergum 3 with a pair of very small, lateral, yellow maculations, but these sometimes absent, depressed apical margins of the terga concolorous with discs, the more apical terga with some fine, scattered, inconspicuous punctures.
MALE—Length 5 mm.; head and thorax dark greenish-piceous, abdomen entirely piceous, face with yellow maculae; face slightly shorter than distance between eyes; eyes parallel; cheeks considerably broader than eyes, without tubercles; vertex quite broad, but lateral ocelli considerably nearer its hind margin than to eyes; foveae somewhat elongated, rather deep and quite distinct, located near top of eyes; mandibles yellow, with ferruginous tips; labrum yellow; clypeus yellow except for a pair of small, lateral, brownish spots above; face marks broad and conspicuous, filling area between clypeus and lower margin of eye, extending about to level of antennae on inner margin of eye, supraclypeal area yellow; scape yellow anteriorly, dark posteriorly, flagellum testaceous beneath, slightly darker above; lower portion of face and cheeks somewhat shining, upper portion rather dull, punctures hardly evident; pubescence of head and thorax extremely short, thin, entirely white; thorax without distinct maculae, but tubercles somewhat brownish; tegulae yellowish-hyaline; wings subhyaline, veins pale testaceous, stigma somewhat more brownish; femora brownish, narrowly yellowish at tips, all tarsi and front tibiae entirely yellow, mid and hind tibiae brownish, becoming somewhat yellowish at base; scutum and scutellum dull, very dark green, punctures exceedingly minute, barely visible, rather sparse; pleura somewhat more shining, but with punctures even more indistinct; basal abdominal terga entirely impunctate, the more apical terga with barely evident, very minute and sparse punctures, surface of all somewhat shining; apical margin of sternum 6 broadly and shallowly incurved; apical margin of sternum 7 with a deep, broad, rounded, median emargination; apical portion of sternum 8 gradually narrowed to the rather abruptly and narrowly truncate tip, slightly compressed laterally, forming an obscure median longitudinal carina, tip with some short pubescence; gonostyli broad basally, rather short, somewhat curved and slender apically except for a dorsal, sharply compressed, rounded flange, penis valves slender apically, broadened toward base, slightly exceeding tips of the gonostyli, volsellae composed of a slender elongate cuspis and a considerably longer and much flattened digitus, the gonocoxites produced apically to form broadly rounded lobes.
DISTRIBUTION—Colorado to Illinois and Michigan, south to Florida; April to September.
FLOWER RECORDS—Physalis.
Timberlake (1958) in his revision of Perdita did not synonymize maura with halictoides, but indicated their close relationship, expressing the opinion that they probably are no more than forms of a single species. After his manuscript was submitted for publication, two males, apparently typical maura, came to hand which had been collected in Florida. These were sent to him, and he concurs in the opinion that they constitute strong evidence for the common identity of the two. Since these males were collected in the same general region in which typical halictoides females have been collected, it would seem that the differences between the two are due to individual variability rather than to any geographic racial distinction. The type of halictoides in the British Museum has been compared with a female collected in Florida and no differences could be found.
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Identification | |
Extracted from: Timberlake P.H., (1958). A Revisional Study of The Bees of the Genus Perdita F. Smith, with Special Reference to the Fauna of the Pacific Coast (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) Part III. University of Caifornia Press Berkeley and Los Angeles 1958, Volume 14, No. 5, pp. 303-410, plates 4-15.
P. halictoides and maura have nearly identical characters of structure and color, but halictoides is considerably smaller, with three joints in the maxillary palpi, facial foveae less broad and more removed from eye margin, and head perhaps a little more distinctly longer than broad. It is perhaps doubtful that halictoides is more than a form of maura, but the two should be kept separate, until halictoides is better understood.
Female.—Dark blue-green, with a variable luster on mesonotum, the disk of which appears blackish in some aspects. No light markings but mandibles pale yellowish at base, grading through testaceous to red at apex. Abdomen blackish. Legs dark, the anterior tibiae, front and middle tarsi pale yellowish, the hind tarsi pale brown. Antenna dark, the flagellum yellowish beneath. Tegulae testaceous. Wings dusky hyaline, the nervures testaceous, the subcosta and stigma more brownish.
Head a little longer than wide because of the projecting clypeus. The latter large, the disk about as long as wide, with a little more than half in front of a line tangent to base of mandibles; lateral extensions of clypeus not visible in frontal aspect. Mandibles simple, tapering, and acute at apex. Facial foveae elongate, extending from level of middle of antennal sockets about four fifths of distance to level of anterior ocellus, slightly widened at their upper end and about their own width from margin of eyes. Proboscis moderately elongate and probably in repose would reach about the front coxae. Maxillary palpi short, thin, and three-jointed, the first joint about equal to the other two together. Labial palpi normal, elongate, and about equal in length to the galeae, which are rather slender and acute at apex. Tarsal claws very small and provided with a basal expansion. Stigma of wing rather broad but not equaling width of submarginal cells. Marginal cell rather short and broad, a little obliquely truncate at apex and with the parts beneath and beyond stigma equal. Pygidium rather broad, with the sides arcuately converging to the ogival apex. Head and thorax nearly uniformly tessellate, rather dull, and obscurely punctured, the punctures very fine except on clypeus. Pubescence moderately abundant for a Perdita, with hair erect, minutely plumose, and that of mesonotum moderately long. Front coxae with long, simple, and moderately sparse hair. Scopal hair of hind tibiae of about the usual density in most species of Perdita and twice as long as width of tibia. Length, 4.5 mm.; anterior wing, 3.2 mm.
Extracted from: Timberlake P.H., (1958). A Revisional Study of The Bees of the Genus Perdita F. Smith, with Special Reference to the Fauna of the Pacific Coast (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) Part III. University of Caifornia Press Berkeley and Los Angeles 1958, Volume 14, No. 5, pp. 303-410, plates 4-15.
Perdita maura Cockerell
Female:—Head and thorax dull blue-green, the clypeus, lower end of lateral plates of face, supraclypeal area, mesoscutum except anterior border, and scutellum black or blackish. No light markings on face and thorax, but the mandibles yellowish at base and shading through testaceous into red at apex. Abdomen black, or brownish black, sometimes with a small yellow spot or dot on each side of tergite 3, or tergites 3 and 4 (these marks when fairly large are closer to the base than to lateral margins). Legs dark, the anterior side of front tibiae, and the front tarsi yellowish. Antennae entirely dark. Wings dusky hyaline, with dark nervures and stigma.
Head as broad as long, the mandibles simple. Facial foveae twice as wide as space between them and adjacent eye, and extending from level of middle of antennal sockets almost to level of anterior ocellus. Proboscis moderately exceeding the proboscidal fossa. Maxillary palpi very short and thin, the joints obscure and certainly not more than two. Pygidial plate smooth, broad, and broadly rounded at apex. Head and thorax tessellate and dull, the lower face and pleura more shining. Length, about 6 mm.; anterior wing, 4 mm.
Male.—Similar to female, but mark at anterior end of cheeks, mandibles except tips, labrum, clypeus, transversely triangular lateral marks, a supraclypeal mark, and sometimes subantennal marks bright yellow; sometimes the supraclypeal mark reduced to two small spots, the lateral marks eroded on upper margin, and the clypeus with a dark blotch on summit of disk. Apex of all the femora, anterior side of front and middle tibiae, and all the tarsi yellow or brownish yellow.
Antennae brown, the scape yellow, and flagellum brownish yellow beneath.
Head a little broader than long, the eyes slightly diverging in front. Mandibles acute and reaching a little beyond far margin of proboscidial fossa. Facial foveae faint, about twice as long as wide. Apex of tergite 7 similar to pygidial plate of female but more narrowly rounded at apex. Subgenital plate somewhat longer than wide, the apex with three equal facets. Caulis of aedeagus deeply divided above, the two sections diverging and ending obtusely at base of pa-rameral lobes; the latter as long as the caulis, rather slender and incised on inner margin to form an acute backward-directed projection; fused part of sagittae rapidly expanding and becoming very broad across the middle in dorsal view, and thence much narrowed to apex. Length, 4.5-5.5 mm.; anterior wing, 3-3.5 mm.
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Updated: 2024-04-23 10:09:14 gmt
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