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Western Atlantic: Newfoundland in Canada and northern Gulf of Mexico in USA to Jamaica. Eastern Atlantic: Norway and south of Cap Lopez, west of Mayumba (Gulf of Guinea) (Ref.
4936
); reported from Iceland (Ref.
12462
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
7251
)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray
, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref.
7251
)
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 6.7 - 24.3, mean 10 °C (based on 523 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01820 (0.00782 - 0.04232), b=2.96 (2.76 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming tmax>10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
High
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 61.8 [23.5, 128.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.985 [0.414, 2.030] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.8, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.445 [0.187, 1.094] g/100g; Selenium = 20 [5, 66] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10 [2, 42] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.539 [0.347, 0.867] mg/100g (wet weight);
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- 20 July 2016
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