3.
Pyrola chlorantha
Swartz, Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Akad. Nya Handl. 31: 190, plate 5. 1810.
Green-flower wintergreen, pyrole fleurs verd4tres
Pyrola oxypetala
Austin ex A. Gray;
P. virens
Schweigger;
P. virens
var.
convoluta
(W. P. C. Barton) Fernald
Plants
rhizomatous, (0.7-)1.4- 2.2(-2.7) dm.
Leaves
sometimes reduced or absent; petiole 8-60 mm, channeled adaxially, glabrous; blade not or, rarely, obscurely maculate, dull and light green to purplish abaxially, shiny and dark green, rarely with white tissue bordering larger veins adaxially, ovate, elliptic, obovate, or round, (6-)18-28(-33) × (5-)10-30 mm, coriaceous, base rounded to truncate or decurrent, margins entire or crenulate to crenulate-serrulate, apex obtuse to rounded.
Inflorescences
1-2(-3) per stem, (1-)2-8(-17)-flowered; peduncular bracts absent or 1(-2), subulate to linear-lanceolate, 2.8-5 × 0.5-0.8 mm, membranous, margins entire or erose-denticulate; inflorescence bracts subulate to lanceolate, usually shorter than, rarely longer than, subtended pedicels, (2.3-)3-5(-7.7) × 0.5-0.8 mm, membranous.
Pedicels
3-8 mm.
Flowers:
calyx lobes appressed or spreading in fruit, green or pinkish with margins hyaline to white, deltate to deltate-ovate, (0.9-)1.2-1.7 × (0.9-)1.3-1.9 mm, margins entire or obscurely erose-denticulate, apices acute to obtuse; petals greenish white to yellowish white, obovate, (4-)4.5-9 × 3.3-5.5 mm, margins entire or obscurely erose-denticulate; stamens 4-7.5 mm; filament base 0.7-1.2 mm wide; anthers (2.1-)2.5-3(-3.7) mm, apiculations absent or less than 0.1 mm, thecae creamy white or tan to yellowish, tubules yellowish brown, 0.7-1.1 mm, abruptly narrowed from thecae, lateral walls not touching or connivent distally, pores 0.2-0.4 × 0.1-0.2 mm; ovary smooth; style exserted, (4-)5-7 mm; stigma 0.9-1.5 mm wide, lobes erect.
Capsules
depressed-globose, 3-4.5 × 3.5-6.4 mm.
2
n
= 46.
Flowering Jun-Aug. Moist to dry, coniferous and deciduous forests; 10-3700 m; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Nunavut, Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Ariz., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., Idaho, Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.; Europe.
E. Haber (1993) interpreted some herbarium specimens with intermediate morphologies and abnormal pollen as putative hybrids between
Pyrola chlorantha
and
P. minor
, and between
P. chlorantha
and
P. picta
. Leafless forms of
P. chlorantha
can be distinguished reliably from those of
P. picta
by the size and shape of the calyx lobes.
