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- Australian Faunal Directory
- FishBase
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Overview |
Main identification features
- 8-11 ~horizontal lines on back
- gill rakers: 8-13
Dorsal fins close together, the first without prolonged spines anteriorly, its outline sloping in a straight line posteriorly, with XVII-XIX spines; second dorsal fin lower than first with 15-16 rays followed by 7-8 finlets; anal fin with 14-16 rays followed by 5-6 finlets; pectoral rays 23-26; gill rakers on first arch 8-13; lateral line wavy; body entirely covered with minute, front scales with well-developed corselet covered by large scales; tail base with a prominent lateral keel between two smaller keels on each side; top of tongue without cartilaginous crest; teeth large, conical.
Back and upper sides steel blue, with 8-11 dark, slightly oblique stripes; lower sides and belly silvery; first dorsal fin entirely black.
Size: grows to 117 cm; all- tackle world record 10.65 Kg.
Habitat: pelagic in coastal and ocean waters.
Depth: 0-30 m.
Indo-Pacific; the mouth of the Gulf of California to Peru and all the oceanic islands except Clipperton.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 30 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: bony fishes; octopus/squid/cuttlefish; Pelagic crustacea.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=26; Southern limit=-6; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=32; Longitudinal range=37.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Pelagic.
Global Endemism: All Pacific (West + Central + East); Indo-Pacific only (Indian + Pacific Oceans); TEP non-endemic; "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific); All species.
Habitat: Water column.
Inshore Offshore: Offshore; Offshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 117 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Eastern Pacific non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Mid Water; Near Surface; Surface; Water column only;
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Names | |
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Links to other sites | |
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References |
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Collette , B. B. and Chao, L. N., 1975., Systematics and morphology of the bonitos (Sarda) and their relatives (Scombridae, Sardini)., United States National Marine Fisheries Service Fisheries Bulletin, 73:516-625.
- Collette , B. B. and Nauen, C. E., 1983., Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. FAO species catalogue Vol. 2., FAO Fish. Synop. No 125, 125.
- Collette, B.B., Reeb, C. and Block, B.A., 2001., Systematics of the tunas and mackerels (Scombridae)., Fish Physiology, 19:1-33.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
- Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
- Franke , R. and Acero P., A., 1992., Peces óseos comerciales del Parque Gorgona, Pacífico Colombiano (Osteichthyes: Elopidae, Chanidae, Exocoetidae, Belonidae y Scombridae)., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 40:117-124.
- Grove , J.S. and Lavenberg, R. J., 1997., The fishes of the Galápagos islands., Stanford University Press:863 pp.
- Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
- Humann, P., 1993., Reef Fish Identification: Galapagos., New World Publishing:192pp.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Joseph , J. , Klawe , W. and Murphy, P., 1988., Tuna and Billfish - fish without a country., Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission:69.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1923., The marine fishes of Panama. Part I., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:1-330.
- Molina, L., Danulat, E., Oviedo, M., González, J.A., 2004., Guía de especies de interés pesquero en la Reserva Marina de Galápagos., Fundación Charles Darwin / Agencia Espeñola de Cooperación Internacional / Dirección Parque Nacional Galápagos, 115pp.
- Ricker, K.E., 1959., Mexican shore and pelagic fishes collected from Acapulco to Cape San Lucas during the 1957 cruise of the "Marijean"., Univ. Brit. Columbia Inst. Fish., Mus. Contrib., 3:18pp.
- Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
- Temminck , C. J. and Schlegel, H., 1844., Pisces. In: Fauna Japonica, sive descriptio animalium quae in itinere per Japoniam suscepto annis 1823-30 collegit, notis observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit P. F. de Siebold., Pisces, Fauna Japonica, (Parts 5-6):73-112.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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Following modified from Australian Faunal Directory
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Top | See original
| &pull 20q v5.145 20180528: Error 301 Moved Permanently http://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/40839d10-0e34-4b2b-ad1e-6449cf427039 |
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Following modified from FishBase
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sarda&speciesname=orientalis ---> http://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sarda&speciesname=orientalis
http://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sarda&speciesname=orientalis ---> https://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sarda&speciesname=orientalis
https://fishbase.de/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Sarda&speciesname=orientalis ---> http://fishbase.de/summary/Sarda-orientalis.html
http://fishbase.de/summary/Sarda-orientalis.html ---> https://fishbase.de/summary/Sarda-orientalis.html
Sarda orientalis, Striped bonito : fisheries, gamefish
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Scombriformes
(Mackerels) >
Scombridae
(Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology:
Sarda:
Latin and Greek, sarda = sardine; name related to the island of Sardinia (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on authors:
Temminck
&
Schlegel
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; pelagic-neritic; oceanodromous (Ref.
51243
); depth range 1 - 167 m (Ref.
58302
). Subtropical; 14°C - 23°C (Ref.
168
); 43°N - 41°S, 24°E - 77°W (Ref.
168
)
Indo-Pacific: widespread but with many gaps in its known distribution. Eastern Pacific: Hawaiian Islands and Pacific coast of USA to southern tip of Baja California and Tres Marias Islands extending to Cabo Blanco, Peru (especially during El Niño events), the Galapagos Islands and Gulf of Guayaquil.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
47.8
, range 45 - ? cm
Max length : 102 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9684
); common length : 55.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
55763
); max. published weight: 10.7 kg (Ref.
168
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 17 - 19;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 14 - 16;
Vertebrae
: 44 - 45. Mouth moderately large. Laminae of olfactory rosette 21 to 39. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Body completely covered with very small scales posterior to the corselet. Swim bladder absent. Spleen large and prominent in ventral view. Liver with elongate left and right lobes and a short middle lobe. Back with narrow oblique stripes.
A coastal species (Ref.
9340
) found schooling with small tunas. Also found around some islands (Ref.
9684
). Feeds on clupeoids, other fishes, squids and decapod crustaceans. Spawning varies with the monsoon season (Ref.
9684
). Also caught with troll lines, encircling nets (Ref.
9340
) and drift nets (Ref.
9684
). Marketed mainly fresh; also dried-salted (Ref.
9684
), canned and frozen (Ref.
9987
).
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen
, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref.
168
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
05 December 2009
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Fisheries:
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 20.5 - 29, mean 27.6 °C (based on 2552 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00520 - 0.01924), b=3.05 (2.89 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.2 ±0.69 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Assuming tm=3-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649
): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
High
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 37.8 [21.1, 63.0] mg/100g; Iron = 2.61 [1.51, 4.59] mg/100g; Protein = 20.7 [19.5, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.356 [0.167, 0.745] g/100g; Selenium = 32.3 [18.0, 56.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.9 [5.5, 37.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.462 [0.350, 0.686] mg/100g (wet weight);
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