D I S C O V E R    L I F E   
Bee Hunt! Odonata Lepidoptera 
  HomeAll Living ThingsIDnature guidesGlobal mapperAlbumsLabelsSearch
  AboutNewsEventsResearchEducationProjectsStudy sitesHelp


Tsuga heterophylla (Raf. ) Sarg.
WESTERN HEMLOCK-SPRUCE
Abies heterophylla Raf; Tsuga albertiana (A Murray bis) Sénéclauze; Tsuga mertensiana auct, non Carrière; Western hemlock

Life   Plantae   Gymnospermae   Pinaceae   Tsuga

Tsuga heterophylla, whole tree - view up trunk
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, whole tree - view up trunk

Click on map for details about points.

Links
80x5 - 240x3 - 240x4 - 320x1 - 320x2 - 320x3 - 640x1 - 640x2
Set display option above.
Click on images to enlarge.
Tsuga heterophylla, cone - female - mature open
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, cone - female - mature open
Tsuga heterophylla, whole tree - view up trunk
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, whole tree - view up trunk

Tsuga heterophylla, bark - of a large tree
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, bark - of a large tree
Tsuga heterophylla, whole tree - view up trunk
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, whole tree - view up trunk

Tsuga heterophylla, leaf - showing orientation on twig
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, leaf - showing orientation on twig
Tsuga heterophylla, leaf - entire needle
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, leaf - entire needle

Tsuga heterophylla, twig - showing attachment of needles
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, twig - showing attachment of needles
Tsuga heterophylla, twig - after fallen needles
© Copyright Steve Baskauf, 2002-2011 · 4
Tsuga heterophylla, twig - after fallen needles

Tsuga heterophylla
© Copyright Malcolm Storey 2011-2118 · 3
Tsuga heterophylla
Tsuga heterophylla
© Copyright Malcolm Storey 2011-2118 · 3
Tsuga heterophylla

Tsuga heterophylla
© Copyright Malcolm Storey 2011-2118 · 3
Tsuga heterophylla
Tsuga heterophylla
© Copyright Malcolm Storey 2011-2118 · 3
Tsuga heterophylla

Tsuga heterophylla
© Copyright Malcolm Storey 2011-2118 · 3
Tsuga heterophylla
Tsuga heterophylla
© Copyright Malcolm Storey 2011-2118 · 3
Tsuga heterophylla

Associates · map
FamilyScientific name @ source (records)
Annulatascaceae  Ceratostomella @ BPI (1)
Aphididae  Cinara ( @ AMNH_PBI (2)
Auriculariaceae  Auricularia auricula @ BPI (3)
Bolbitiaceae  Naucoria bellula @ BPI (1)
Botryobasidiaceae  Botryobasidium danicum @ BPI (1)
Botryosphaeriaceae  Botryosphaeria tsugae @ BPI (1)
Chionosphaeraceae  Stilbum resinarium @ BPI (1)
Coniophoraceae  Coniophora corrugis @ BPI (1)

Coniophora puteana @ BPI (1)
Corticiaceae  Corticium arachnoideum @ BPI (1)

Corticium berkeleyi @ BPI (1)

Corticium byssinum @ BPI (1)

Corticium corruge @ BPI (1)

Corticium giganteum @ BPI (4)

Corticium hariotii @ BPI (2)

Corticium lembosporum @ BPI (1)

Corticium ochraceum @ BPI (1)

Corticium pelliculare @ BPI (1)

Corticium subseriale @ BPI (1)

Corticium tessulatum @ BPI (1)

Corticium vagum @ BPI (1)

Corticium @ BPI (1)
Corynidae  Coryne sarcoides @ BPI (3)
Dacrymycetaceae  Dacrymyces aurantia @ BPI (11)

Dacrymyces palmatus @ BPI (2)
Dermateaceae  Atropellis treleasei @ BPI (1)

Chlorosplenium aeruginascens @ BPI (1)

Chlorosplenium @ BPI (1)

Mollisia pinastri @ BPI (1)
Echinodontiaceae  Echinodontium tinctorium @ BPI (9)
Elaphomycetaceae  Elaphomyces granulatus @ BPI (1)
Entolomataceae  Claudopus nidulans @ BPI (1)
Eriococcidae  Keithia @ BPI (1)
Exidiaceae  Exidia recisa @ BPI (1)
Ganodermataceae  Ganoderma lucidum @ BPI (1)

Ganoderma oregonense @ BPI (2)

Ganoderma tsugae @ BPI (2)
Glomerellaceae  Colletotrichum acutatum @ BPI (1)
Helotiaceae  Godronia treleasei @ BPI (1)
Hemiphacidiaceae  Fabrella tsugae @ BPI (1)
Hericiaceae  Hericium abietis @ BPI (5)

Hericium ramosum @ BPI (1)
Hyaloscyphaceae  Cistella parksii @ BPI (1)

Dasyscyphus agassizii @ BPI (1)

Dasyscyphus arida @ BPI (1)

Dasyscyphus calyciformis @ BPI (1)

Dasyscyphus @ BPI (3)

Lachnellula chrysophthalma @ BPI (4)

Lachnellula @ BPI (1)
Hydnaceae  Hydnum @ BPI (1)
Hymenochaetaceae  Hymenochaete fimbriata @ BPI (1)

Hymenochaete spreta @ BPI (1)

Hymenochaete tabacina @ BPI (8)

Hymenochaete tenuis @ BPI (3)
Lachnocladiaceae  Scytinostroma arachnoideum @ BPI (1)
Lophiostomataceae  Herpotrichia nigra @ BPI (2)
Lygaeidae  Kleidocerys @ AMNH_PBI (33)
Marasmiaceae  Armillaria mellea @ BPI (3)
Melampsoraceae  Melampsora epitea @ BPI (1)
Meruliaceae  Merulius tremellosus @ BPI (1)

Phlebia albida @ BPI (3)
Microascaceae  Graphium rigidum @ BPI (1)
Microthyriaceae  Microthyrium harrimani @ BPI (1)
Miridae  Atractotomus cooperi @ AMNH_PBI (1)

Deraeocoris piceicola @ AMNH_ENT (1)

Dichaetocoris gillespiei @ AMNH_ENT (2)

Lygocoris pabulinus @ AMNH_ENT (1)

Phytocoris neglectus @ AMNH_PBI (9); AMNH_ENT (2)

Pinalitus approximatus @ AMNH_ENT (6)

Psallovius piceicola @ AMNH_PBI (1)
Mytilinidiaceae  Lophium mytilinum @ BPI (1)
Nectriaceae  Nectria cinnabarina @ 551358A (1); 551358B (1)

Nectria episphaeria @ BPI (1)

Nectria neomacrospora @ BPI (2)
Odontasteridae  Asterodon ferruginosus @ BPI (2)
Parodiellaceae  Parodiella @ BPI (1)
Parodiopsidaceae  Dimeriella balsamicola @ BPI (23)

Dimeriella tsugae @ BPI (5)
Peniophoraceae  Peniophora carnosa @ BPI (8)

Peniophora crassa @ BPI (2)

Peniophora gigantea @ BPI (2)

Peniophora glebulosa @ 286276A (1); 286276B (1)

Peniophora globifera @ BPI (4)

Peniophora nivea @ BPI (1)

Peniophora @ BPI (1)
Pezizaceae  Peziza @ BPI (1)
Pleosporaceae  Epicoccum atropunctum @ BPI (2)
Pleurotaceae  Pleurotus ostreatus @ BPI (1)

Pleurotus pulmonarius @ BPI (1)
Polyporaceae  Fomes annosus @ BPI (27)

Fomes applanatus @ BPI (8)

Fomes carneus @ BPI (1)

Fomes hartigii @ BPI (2)

Fomes laricis @ BPI (1)

Fomes nigrolimitatus @ BPI (3)

Fomes nobilissimus @ BPI (1)

Fomes officinalis @ BPI (1)

Fomes pini @ BPI (16)

Fomes pinicola @ BPI (17)

Fomes putearius @ BPI (1)

Fomes repandus @ BPI (2)

Fomes robustus @ BPI (7)

Fomes roseus @ BPI (2)

Fomes subroseus @ BPI (2)

Lenzites saepiaria @ BPI (13)

Panus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus abietinus @ BPI (16)

Polyporus adustus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus alboluteus @ BPI (3)

Polyporus alutaceus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus amorphus @ BPI (2)

Polyporus aurantiacus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus balsameus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus benzoinus @ BPI (4)

Polyporus borealis @ BPI (1)

Polyporus caesius @ BPI (1)

Polyporus cuneatus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus dichrous @ BPI (5)

Polyporus dryadeus @ BPI (9)

Polyporus fibrillosus @ BPI (9)

Polyporus fragilis @ BPI (1)

Polyporus guttulatus @ BPI (3)

Polyporus hirsutus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus lapponicus @ BPI (3)

Polyporus melanopus @ BPI (2)

Polyporus mollis @ BPI (1)

Polyporus osseus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus perdelicatus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus picipes @ BPI (2)

Polyporus radiatus @ BPI (2)

Polyporus resinosus @ BPI (5)

Polyporus schweinitzii @ BPI (6)

Polyporus sulphureus @ BPI (1)

Polyporus versicolor @ BPI (5)

Polyporus @ BPI (2)

Poria alutacea @ BPI (1)

Poria calcea @ BPI (1)

Poria callosa @ BPI (3)

Poria carbonica @ BPI (1)

Poria cinerascens @ BPI (4)

Poria colorea @ BPI (6)

Poria crustulina @ BPI (3)

Poria dichroa @ BPI (1)

Poria ferrea @ BPI (1)

Poria nigrescens @ BPI (1)

Poria punctata @ BPI (1)

Poria rixosa @ BPI (2)

Poria serialis @ BPI (1)

Poria sericeo-mollis @ BPI (2)

Poria sinuosa @ BPI (1)

Poria stellae @ BPI (1)

Poria subacida @ BPI (26)

Poria subtilis @ BPI (1)

Poria tsugina @ BPI (9)

Poria versipora @ BPI (1)

Poria weirii @ BPI (1)

Poria xantha @ BPI (1)

Poria zonata @ BPI (1)

Poria @ BPI (4)

Trametes americana @ BPI (1)

Trametes heteromorpha @ BPI (8)

Trametes isabellina @ BPI (3)

Trametes odorata @ BPI (2)

Trametes pini @ BPI (3)

Trametes serialis @ BPI (3)

Trametes setosus @ BPI (1)

Trametes variiformis @ BPI (3)
Pseudoperisporiaceae  Epipolaeum tsugae @ BPI (3)

Eudimeriolum tsugae @ BPI (1)
Pucciniastraceae  Pucciniastrum vaccinii @ BPI (2)
Reduviidae  Rasahus @ AMNH_PBI (3)
Rhizinaceae  Rhizina undulata @ BPI (2)
Rhytismataceae  Discocainia treleasei @ BPI (1)

Lophodermium @ BPI (2)

Propolis leonis @ BPI (1)
Steccherinaceae  Fibricium lapponicum @ BPI (1)

Odontia abietina @ BPI (4)

Odontia lactea @ BPI (1)

Steccherinum @ BPI (1)
Stereaceae  Aleurodiscus penicillatus @ BPI (5)

Stereum abietinum @ BPI (5)

Stereum chailletii @ BPI (9)

Stereum rugisporum @ BPI (8)

Stereum sanguinolentum @ BPI (13)

Stereum sulcatum @ BPI (11)
Strophariaceae  Flammula @ BPI (1)

Pholiota adiposa @ BPI (3)
Tubeufiaceae  Acanthostigma scopulum @ BPI (1)
Valsaceae  Cytospora abietis @ BPI (1)

Valsa abietis @ BPI (1)
_  Blitridium signatum @ BPI (2)

Caeoma abietis-canadensis @ BPI (1)

Caeoma dubium @ 156096B (1); BPI (49); 156096A (1)

Clithris crispa @ BPI (6)

Dimeriopsis tsugae @ BPI (1)

Dimerosporium tsugae @ BPI (2)

Grandinia @ BPI (4)

Hypochnus umbrinus @ BPI (1)

Neopatella dematium @ BPI (1)

Sirococcus tsugae @ BPI (3)

Ulocolla foliacea @ BPI (1)

Uraecium holwayi @ BPI (6)

Uredo holwayi @ 155038B (1); BPI (11); 155038A (1)

go to Discover Life's Facebook group

Following modified from The Gymnosperm Database
   Top | See original

&pull 20q v5.145 20180528: Error 301 Moved Permanently http://conifers.org/pi/ts/heterophylla.php

Following modified from US Forest Service
   Top | See original

&pull 20q v5.145 20180528: Error 500 Can't connect to www.na.fs.fed.us:80 (Name or service not known) http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/silvics_manual/Volume_1/tsuga/heterophylla.htm

Following modified from Virginia Tech Dendrology
   Top | See original

&pull 20q v5.145 20180528: Error 500 Can't connect to www.cnr.vt.edu:80 (Name or service not known) http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus/Theterophylla.htm

Following modified from Flora of North America
   Top | See original

Link to Flora of North America home
 
All Floras       Advanced Search
FNA Vol. 2 Login | eFloras Home | Help
FNA | Family List | FNA Vol. 2 | Pinaceae | Tsuga

4. Tsuga heterophylla (Rafinesque) Sargent, Silva. 12: 73, plate 605. 1898.

Western hemlock, pruche de l'ouest

Abies heterophylla Rafinesque, Atlantic J. 1: 119. 1832

Trees to 50m; trunk to 2m diam.; crown narrowly conic. Bark gray-brown, scaly and moderately fissured. Twigs yellow-brown, finely pubescent. Buds ovoid, gray-brown, 2.5--3.5mm. Leaves (5--)10--20(--30)mm, mostly appearing 2-ranked, flattened; abaxial surface glaucous with 2 broad, conspicuous stomatal bands, adaxial surface shiny green (yellow-green); margins minutely dentate. Seed cones ovoid, (1--)1.5--2.5(--3) ´ 1--2.5cm; scales ovate, 8--15 ´ 6--10mm, apex round to pointed. 2 n =24.

Coastal to midmontane forests; 0--1500m; Alta., B.C.; Alaska, Calif., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash.

Tsuga heterophylla is a dominant species over much of its broad distributional range. It has become the most important timber hemlock in North America. The wood is superior to that of other hemlocks for building purposes and it makes excellent pulp for paper production.

Tsuga × jeffreyi (Henry) Henry was described from southwestern British Columbia and western Washington as a hybrid between T . heterophylla and T . mertensiana . Hybridization is rare, if it occurs at all, and it is therefore of little consequence (R.J. Taylor 1972). At the upper elevational limits of its distribution and under stressful conditions, T . heterophylla tends to resemble T . mertensiana , e.g., leaves are less strictly 2-ranked and stomatal bands on the abaxial leaf surfaces are less conspicuous than at lower elevations.

Western hemlock ( Tsuga heterophylla ) is the state tree of Washington.

Updated: 2024-04-23 16:42:09 gmt
Discover Life | Top
© Designed by The Polistes Corporation