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Verbenaceae
QUEENS-WREATH
Verbena; Vervains; Verbenas; Verbena Family; Chaste trees; Black mangrove; American beautyberry

Life   Plantae   Dicotyledoneae

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Aegiphila panamensis, leaf bottom
© Tomas Pickering and Graham Wyatt, 2006 · 9
Aegiphila panamensis, leaf bottom
Aegiphila cephalophora, leaf bottom
© Tomas Pickering and Graham Wyatt, 2006 · 9
Aegiphila cephalophora, leaf bottom

Verbena hastata, Blue Vervain
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 9
Verbena hastata, Blue Vervain
Lippia lanceolata, Frogfruit
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 9
Lippia lanceolata, Frogfruit

Aegiphila panamensis, leaf bottom stem
© Tomas Pickering and Graham Wyatt, 2006 · 8
Aegiphila panamensis, leaf bottom stem
Aegiphila cephalophora, leaf bottom stem
© Tomas Pickering and Graham Wyatt, 2006 · 8
Aegiphila cephalophora, leaf bottom stem

Verbena simplex, Narrow-leaved Verbena
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 8
Verbena simplex, Narrow-leaved Verbena
Verbena urticifolia, White Vervain
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 8
Verbena urticifolia, White Vervain

Verbena hastata, Blue Vervain
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 8
Verbena hastata, Blue Vervain
Verbena simplex, Narrow-leaved Verbena
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 8
Verbena simplex, Narrow-leaved Verbena

Lippia lanceolata, Frogfruit
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 8
Lippia lanceolata, Frogfruit
Phryma leptostachya, Lopseed
© Copyright Sheryl Pollock 2011 · 8
Phryma leptostachya, Lopseed

Callicarpa americana, American Beautyberry
© John Pickering, 2004-2023 · 8
Callicarpa americana, American Beautyberry
Callicarpa americana, American Beautyberry
© John Pickering, 2004-2023 · 7
Callicarpa americana, American Beautyberry

17.Verbena bracteata, _plant_+_leaf_+_flower, _PK27.320.jpg
© Photographer/source
17
Verbena bracteata, plant + leaf + flower, 320
_PK27
18.Verbena stricta, _plant_+_leaf_+_flower, _SJ31.320.jpg
© Photographer/source
18
Verbena stricta, plant + leaf + flower, 320
_SJ31

19.Glandularia canadensis, _leaf_+_flower, _TF34.320.jpg
© Photographer/source
19
Glandularia canadensis, leaf + flower, 320
_TF34
20.Phyla lanceolata, _plant_+_leaf_+_flower_+_fruit, _TZ19.320.jpg
© Photographer/source
20
Phyla lanceolata, plant + leaf + flower + fruit, 320
_TZ19

21.Verbena urticifolia, _plant_+_leaf_+_fruit, _TZ4.320.jpg
© Photographer/source
21
Verbena urticifolia, plant + leaf + fruit, 320
_TZ4
22.Phryma leptostachya, _flower_+_fruit, _UU5.320.jpg
© Photographer/source
22
Phryma leptostachya, flower + fruit, 320
_UU5

23.Verbena simplex, _leaf_+_flower, _XG15.320.jpg
© Photographer/source
23
Verbena simplex, leaf + flower, 320
_XG15

Associates · map
FamilyScientific name @ source (records)
Elsinoaceae  Sphaceloma @ BPI (1)
Psathyrellaceae  Ozonium @ BPI (1)

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Following modified from University of Hawaii
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Verbenaceae

The Verbenaceae are herbs, shrubs, or trees comprising about 100 genera and 2,600 species that are further characterized by the common occurrence of quadrangular twigs and/or aromatic herbage. The leaves are nearly always opposite or whorled, mostly simple; stipules are lacking. The flowers are nearly always bisexual and zygomorphic. The calyx is synsepalous and most commonly 5-merous. The corolla is sympetalous, usually unequally 5-lobed, and sometimes strongly 2-lipped. The androecium most commonly consists of 4 didynamous stamens adnate to the corolla tube or perigynous zone, alternate with the lobes. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of nearly always 2 carpels, a single terminal or subterminal style, and an unlobed or shallowly lobed ovary, usually with 4 locules (by false septation), each with a single axile ovule. A weakly developed annular nectary disk occurs around the base of the ovary in many species. The fruit is usually a drupe or nutlets.

Each "thumbnail" image below is linked to a larger photograph.


Citharexylum spinosum , fidd lewood. Tree from the West Indies with light wood good for little except firewood.
Clerodendrum magnificum
Clerodendrum myricoides , blue glorybower. Notice the strongly zygomorphic flower with didynamous stamens and a filamentous style with two stigma lobes.
Clerodendrum quadriloculare . The flowers of this species have a very long corolla tube. (Formerly Verbenaceae)
Clerodendrum thomsonae , bleeding heart.  An ornamental shrub from tropical West Africa cultivated for its attractive flowers.
Clerodendrum sp., OSU campus, Corvallis, OR, July, 2003.
Duranta repens , golden dew drop. The flowers in this species are only weakly zygomorphic. Opposite leaves are apparent.
Gmelina philippensis
Holmskioldia sanguinea , cup and saucer. The rotate calyx constitutes the saucer referred to in the common name while the corolla comprises the cup. Notice the two-lipped and strongly zygomorphic nature of the corolla.
Lantana camara . The flowers of this species are only moderately zygomorphic. The herbage is strongly aromat ic.
Petrea volubilis , sandpaper vine. The common name refers to the scratchy textur e of the leaves. The petaloid lavender calyx persists after the darker purple corolla falls away.
Stachytarpheta urticifolia , Kaneohe, HI, December, 2004.
Tectona grandis , Verbenaceae, teak. Timber tree from India to Java. The wood is valued for heavy construction as well as fine furniture. Powdered wood is also used medicinally; young leaves and root bark yield a yellowish-brown dye. UH Manoa Campus, Honolulu, HI, 2005.
Verbena bonariensis , purpletop verbena, Brazilian verbena, OSU campus, Corvallis, OR, July 2003.
Verbena gooddingii , Goodding's verbena, scented or fragrant verbena, vic. Saguaro Natl. Park, AZ, Mar. 2004.
Verbena litoralis , seashore vervain.
Vitex rotundifolia , beach vitex. This Hawaiian native species exhibits zygomorphic flowers, didynamous stamens, bilobed stigma and terminal style characteristic of the family.

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Updated: 2024-03-19 03:11:11 gmt
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