Abdominal apex | Abdominal base | Antennae | Body regions | Body shape | Cerci | Compound eyes | Forelegs | Head shape | Hind legs | Mouthparts | Palps | Pretarsus | Pronotum shape | Tarsomere number | Wing base | Wing development | Wing number | Wing shape | Wing texture | Wing venation

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Number scored for a state is in green.
1. Wing number

22, fore pair reduced to small clubs    72, hind pair reduced to tiny clubs or absent    214    20Absent   




2. Wing shape

20Broad, lacking a fringe of long hairs    21Narrow, lacking a fringe of long hairs    7Narrow, with a fringe of long hairs   



3. Wing texture

19Both pairs of wings membranous, of similar texture, covered in microscopic hairs    4Forewings hard, opaque, forming close-fitting covers over abdomen    10Forewings leathery, hind wings transparent   



4. Wing development

25Absent    14Reduced to small pads that are not suitable for flight    23Well developed, functional   



5. Wing venation

13With few cross veins and often with fewer longitudinal veins    20With many veins and cross veins   


6. Wing base

22Normal, without fracture line    6With fracture line   


7. Forelegs

6Armed with stout spines and modified for seizing prey    1Foretarsi with basal segment swollen, containing silk glands    30Not modified for siezing prey   



8. Hind legs

4Enlarged, modified for jumping    30Normal, not modified for jumping   


9. Tarsomere number

61    122    123    84    175   





10. Pretarsus

2With bladder-like swelling    30With claws   


11. Head shape

4Bulbous regions between mouthparts and antennae    7Drawn into a beak with mouthparts at apex    30Normal, rounded   



12. Antennae

4Absent    4Club-like or clavate    1Elbowed or geniculate    1Feather-like or plumose    1Large segment bearing a bristle or aristate    5Minute and bristle-like    27Segments filiform    13Segments moniliform   








13. Compound eyes

15Absent    6Meeting in midline dorsally    27Separated   



14. Mouthparts

9Absent    22External, with chewing mandibles    1Forming a coiled, cylindrical tube beneath head    4Forming a straight, cylindrical tube beneath head    1Mandibles and tubular structure    8Present but hidden inside head capsule   






15. Palps

9Absent    29Present   


16. Body regions

313 body regions    5Body segmentation not apparent   


17. Body shape

8Broad and flattened    3Laterally compressed    15Long, elongate and stick-like    27Not elongate, flattened or laterally compressed   




18. Pronotum shape

2Completely or almost completely covering head    6Elongate, length at least 2 times width    29Short and not covering head or sides of prothorax    5With lobes descending over sides of prothorax   




19. Abdominal base

31Broadly attached to thorax    2Constricted to a narrow waist flexibly hinged to body   


20. Cerci

17Absent    10Elongate with more than 2 segments    14Short with 1 or 2 segments   



21. Abdominal apex

26Simple, without long filaments, jumping organ or forceps    10With 2 long filaments    4With 3 long filaments    1With a forked jumping organ    6With a single long filament    4With hardened forceps