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Andrena pruni Robertson, 1891
Andrena (Cryptandrena) pruni Robertson, 1891

Life   Insecta   Hymenoptera   Apoidea   Andrenidae   Andrena
Subgenus: Melandrena



Andrena pruni, Mid-Atlantic Phenology
© Copyright source/photographer · 9
Andrena pruni, Mid-Atlantic Phenology

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Andrena pruni, m, back, Frederick Co., MD
© Copyright source/photographer · 5
Andrena pruni, m, back, Frederick Co., MD
Andrena pruni, m, front, Frederick Co., MD
© Copyright source/photographer · 5
Andrena pruni, m, front, Frederick Co., MD

Andrena pruni, m, side, Frederick Co., MD
© Copyright source/photographer · 5
Andrena pruni, m, side, Frederick Co., MD
Andrena pruni
© Copyright Eli Wyman, 2009 · 5
Andrena pruni

Andrena pruni, head, fovea deep, pruni
David Cappaert · 4
Andrena pruni, head, fovea deep, pruni
Andrena pruni, female, head, fovea narrow and white, pruni
David Cappaert · 4
Andrena pruni, female, head, fovea narrow and white, pruni

Andrena pruni, female, head, labral process, best, pruni
David Cappaert · 4
Andrena pruni, female, head, labral process, best, pruni
Andrena pruni, male, s6 with long hairs
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, male, s6 with long hairs

Andrena pruni, male, S6 with long hairs1
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, male, S6 with long hairs1
Andrena pruni, male, T1-2, propodeal triangle
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, male, T1-2, propodeal triangle

Andrena pruni, female, light scopal hairs
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, light scopal hairs
Andrena pruni, female, clypeus 2
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, clypeus 2

Andrena pruni, female, clypeus
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, clypeus
Andrena pruni, female, fovea
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, fovea

Andrena pruni, female, ocelli, fovea
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, ocelli, fovea
Andrena pruni, female, propodeal triangle
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, propodeal triangle

Andrena pruni, female, pygidial plate
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, pygidial plate
Andrena pruni, female, T1-2 pitting
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, female, T1-2 pitting

Andrena pruni, male, long mandibles long form an X
© David Biddinger, 2024 · 2
Andrena pruni, male, long mandibles long form an X

See
IDnature guides
Index
email Sam Droege sdroege@usgs.gov for a excel spreadsheet of ID information for the Eastern Melandrena males.
Andrena pruni – A medium to large common vernal bee mining bee that visits many wildflower species. Females are noted for the lack of humeral angle, narrow facial fovea, light scopae, complete trochanteral floccus, and tergites basally pitted but impunctate in apical impressed area. Males are distinct from most similar species in having a tuft of branched hairs on sternum 6 whereas this area is bare or comprised of short hairs in other Melandrena.

Overview
Reprinted with permission of the American Entomological Society from: Bouseman, J. K., LaBerge, W. E. 1978. A revision of the bees of the genus Andrena of the Western Hemisphere. Part IX. Subgenus Melandrena. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 104: 275-390.

Please report text errors to: Leah at Discoverlife dot org.

Andrena pruni is a relatively scarce bee related to A. carlini and similar to the latter in the female labrum, clypeus and tergal punctation and in the male antennae, tergal punctation and terminalia. The female of pruni is readily separated from that of carlini by the pale tergal, pleural and leg hairs and from most members of the subgenus by the narrow facial foveae. The male of pruni is unique in the large tuft of extremely long plumose hairs hanging down from the sixth sternum.

FEMALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. N = 20; length, 8.0-12.5 mm; width 3-4 mm; wing length, M = 4.91 0.091 mm; FL/FW, M = 1.01 0.004; FOVL/FOVW, M = 4.19 0.057.

INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. Black except as follows: mandible with apical half rufescent; flagellum dark brown below; tegula rufescent; wing membranes slightly infumate, yellowish; veins dark reddish-brown; tergal 1-4 with apical areas translucent, ferrugineous; sterna 2-4 with apical areas hyaline to yellow; legs dark rufescent, middle and hind tarsi often lighter rufescent; tibial spurs testaceous.

STRUCTURE. Antennae as in carlini. Eyes each three and one-half times as long as broad or slightly longer, inner margins diverging slightly towards mandibles. Mandible, galea and stipes as in carlini. Maxillary palpus as in carlini but segmental ratio about as 1.0:1.0:1.0:0.9:0.9:0.9. Labial palpus as in carlini but ratio about as 1.0:0.8:0.8:0.8. Labral process and labrum apical to process as in carlini. Clypeus as in carlini but punctures slightly sparser and impunctate midline usually broad subapically and extremely narrow near base of clypeus. Supraclypeal area and face above antennal fossae as in carlini. Facial fovea long and shallow as in carlini but narrow, separated from lateral ocellus by about one ocellar diameter, occupying about half of space between compound eye and antennal fossa, with broad space between compound eye and outer margin of fovea. Vertex and genal area as in carlini.

Pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum as in carlini but punctures of mesoscutum and scutellum usually denser, separated largely by half a puncture width or slightly more. Propodeum as in carlini but lateral surface with distinct vermiculate rugulae absent or restricted to posterior fifth of surface or less. mesepisterna and wing venation as in carlini.

Metasomal terga 1-4 sculptured much as in carlini but surfaces duller, shagreening more distinct especially in apical areas where distinctly reticular. Pygidial plate V-shaped with rounded apex, slightly narrower that in carlini, with weakly marked internal triangular area. Sterna 2-5 sculptured as in carlini.

vestiture. Entirely pale ochraceous to ochraceous; dorsal thoracic hairs relatively short; terga 2-4 without apical pale fasciae; terga 5 and 6 with golden hairs; pollen-collecting hairs normal for subgenus.

MALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. N = 20; length, 7-10 mm; width, 2.5-3.5 mm; wing length, M = 4.16 0.165 mm; FL/FW, M = 0.91 0.003; FS1/FS2, M = 1.15 0.018.

INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. Black with same exceptions as in female but mandible with apical third or less rufescent and occasionally middle and hind basitarsi dark brown.

STRUCTURE. Antennae as in carlini but flagellar segment 1 usually distinctly longer than segment 2 (as much as one and one-fourth times as long) and about equal in length to segment 3. Eyes broader than in carlini, each about three times as long as broad or slightly longer, inner margins diverging slightly towards mandibles. Mandible and galea as in carlini. Maxillary palpus as in carlini but segment ratio about as 0.9:1.0:0.9:0.9:0.9:0.9. Labral palpus as in carlini but ratio about as 1.0:0.6:0.5:0.5. Labral process and labrum below process as in carlini. Clypeus, supraclypeal area and face above antennal fossae as in carlini. Vertex as in carlini but above lateral ocellus usually equal to about one and one-half ocellar diameters. Genal area as in carlini.

Thoracic form and sculpturing as in carlini but mesoscutal punctures slightly denser, separated largely by half a puncture width or slightly more. Wing venation as in carlini.

Metasomal terga 1-5 sculptured as in carlini but occasionally apical areas less shiny, more distinctly shagreened. Tergum 7 with shiny pygidial area pointed, narrow. Sterna 2-5 as in carlini. Sternum 6 with apical margin straight (not emarginate or produced), without slightly raised triangular area.

Terminalia as in figures 33-38; note form of gonostylus in dorsal and ventral views, sternum 7 with almost spherical apicomedian emargination, sternum 8 with narrow apical lobe and extremely curved in lateral view.

VESTITURE. In general ochraceous to pale ochraceous; head and terga without dark brown hairs; terga 2-5 without trace of apical fasciae; sterna 2-5 without subapical fimbriae; sternum 6 with distinct tuft of long, weak, plumose hairs in apical half of sternum, hairs distinctly longer than subapical hairs of sterna 2-5.




Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.



FEMALE. Length 10 mm.; clypeus strongly convex, projecting about one-half below suborbital line, somewhat shining, with distinct but rather fine and shallow, well separated punctures on each side of a median, slightly elevated, impunctate line; facial foveae narrow, occupying above hardly more than half the space between eyes and lateral ocelli and separated from inner margins of eyes by a space fully equal in width to the width of the foveae below, covered with pale ochraceous tomentum; space between margin of vertex and lateral ocelli subequal to distance between them; cheeks slightly broader than eyes, rounded posteriorly, rather dull, punctures exceedingly minute and obscure; malar space quite short; basal segment of flagellum subequal to 2nd and 3rd combined; process of labrum very large, much broader than long, broadly semicircular; pubescence of head, thorax and legs pale ochraceous; thoracic integument rather dull, punctures of scutum uniformly rather close and fine over entire disc, more minute and sparse on the somewhat more shining scutellum; pleura somewhat more densely tessellate but rather smooth, punctures minute, well separated, evenly distributed; enclosure of propodeum rather smooth but dull and densely tessellate; propodeal corbicula well developed but rather short, with a distinct anterior fringe; trochanteral floccus well developed; tibial scopa quite dense, entirely pale ochraceous, hairs simple, relatively long; hind tibiae relatively long and slender, all basitarsi slightly narrower than their respective tibiae; 2nd submarginal cell nearly as long as 3rd, receiving 1st recurrent near middle; abdominal terga rather dull, very slightly depressed apically, depressed area equal to about one-third median length of discs, becoming slightly reddened toward apical rims, nearly impunctate, remainder of discs rather closely and finely punctate toward sides, becoming somewhat more sparsely so toward middle, discal pubescence very short and thin, suberect, entirely pale, fasciae not developed, tergum 5 with a rather dense, pale ochraceous, apical fimbria.



MALE. Length 10 mm.; clypeus rather broadly convex, short, projecting but very slightly below suborbital line, closely and deeply punctuate beneath the dense pubescence; space between margin of vertex and lateral ocelli subequal to distance between them; cheeks broader than eyes, rounded posteriorly (as in hilaris, fig. 21), rather dull, punctures exceedingly minute and obscure; malar space very short; basal segment of flagellum slightly longer than 2nd, subequal to 3rd and following segments; process of labrum very large, occupying most of surface of labrum, broadly semicircular; mandibles rather slender, slightly curved, with a distinct, subapical, inner tooth, overlapping about one-third; pubescence of head, thorax and legs entirely pale ochraceous; thoracic integument dull, punctures of scutum very fine and obscure, well separated, rather evenly distributed, but somewhat more sparse posteriorly, those on scutellum very minute and obscure, scattered; pleura densely tessellate, punctures rather close and distinct above, becoming obscure below; enclosure of propodeum dull and tessellate; all basitarsi slender and elongate, much narrower than their respective tibiae; 2nd submarginal cell slightly shorter than 3rd, receiving 1st recurrent just beyond middle; abdominal terga somewhat shining, rather distinctly but not deeply depressed apically, depressed areas more sparsely punctate than remainder of discs where punctures are fine, but deep, distinct and rather close, discal pubescence very short, thin and erect, entirely pale, fasciae not developed; apical portion of sternum 8 with a very pronounced, subapical, carinate, ventral projection which is nearly as long as the remainder of the apex, broadly rounded, area between this and apex densely pubescent, apex narrowly constricted, acute, almost spine-like; penis valves rather broadly dilated toward base but not excavated, gonocoxites broadly dilated toward apex, with a submembraneous tip, gonocoxal lobes strongly produced, subtriangular.



DISTRIBUTION. Minnesota and Illinois to Massachusetts, south to North Carolina and Georgia; March to June.



FLOWER RECORDS. Viburnum, Robertson (1929) records pruni On the following: Aruncus, Claytonia, Crataegus, Dentaria, Heracleum, Pastinaca, Polemonium, Prunus, Ribes, Rubus, Salix, Staphylea, Uvularia and Zanthoxylum.

Identification
Extracted from: Charles, R. (1895). Notes on bees, with Descriptions of New Species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society Vol. 22, No. 2. pp. 115-128.

The male of this species closely resembles that of A. sayi. It is distinguished by its somewhat smaller size, clearer wings, the abdomen more shining, less pubescent, and the last segment beneath provided with a conspicuous tuft of hair.

Names
Scientific source:
Hosts · map
FamilyScientific name @ source (records)
Adoxaceae  Viburnum @ AMNH_BEE (1)
Apocynaceae  Apocynum @ UCRC_ENT (1)
Berberidaceae  Berberis thunbergii @ AMNH_BEE (1)
Brassicaceae  Alliaria petiolata @ AMNH_BEE (2)

Brassica rapa @ UCMS_ENT (1)

Brassica sp @ UCMS_ENT (1)
Ericaceae  Pieris japonica @ UCMS_ENT (1)

Vaccinium sp @ UCMS_ENT (1)

Vaccinium @ AMNH_BEE (6)
Fabaceae  Amorpha fruticosa @ AMNH_BEE (1)
J. rykken  1073 @ JRYB__SHEN (1)

667 @ JRYB__SHEN (1)
Rosaceae  Aruncus aruncus @ AMNH_BEE (3)

Malus @ AMNH_BEE (1)

Physocarpus opulifolius @ CUIC_ENT (1)

Prunus @ AMNH_BEE (1)

Pyrus @ AMNH_BEE (2)

Rosa multiflora @ UCMS_ENT (1)

Rubus @ AMNH_BEE (1)
_  apple @ NLA (6)

blueberry @ NLA (9)

pollinator strip @ I_DJB (2)

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Updated: 2024-10-11 05:12:36 gmt
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