Portulaca neglecta
Mackenzie & Bush;
P. retusa
Engelmann
Plants
annual, glabrous; taproot 2-10 cm.
Stems
prostrate, succulent; trichomes at nodes and in inflorescence absent or inconspicuous; branches to 56 cm.
Leaf blades
obovate or spatulate, flattened, 4-28 × 2-13 mm, apex round to retuse or nearly truncate; involucrelike leaves 1-4.
Flowers
3-10 mm diam.; petals yellow, oblong, 3-4.6 × 1.8-3 mm; stamens 6-12(-20); stigmas 3-6.
Capsules
ovoid, 4-9 mm diam.
Seeds
black or dark brown, orbiculate or elongate, flattened, 0.6-1.1 mm; surface cells ± smooth, granular, or stellate, with rounded tubercles.
2
n
= 18, 36, 54.
Flowering late spring-early fall. Fields, waste places; 0-2800 m; introduced; Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask.; Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo.; Europe
A. P. Simopoulos and N. Salem Jr. (1986) and A. P. Simopoulos et al. (1992) have shown
Portulaca oleracea
to have the highest content of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants of any green leafy vegetable examined to date, suggesting that common purslane should be considered for its nutritional value and not for its weediness. It has long been used as fodder and may have been present in the New World in pre-Columbian times (R. Byrne and J. H. McAndrews 1975). Currently, it is fed to poultry to reduce egg cholesterol.
Portulaca
oleracea
is a highly variable species with worldwide distribution in temperate to warm regions and is the most winter-hardy of all the portulacas. It is a very aggressive weed, one of the ten most noxious weeds worldwide (J. S. Singh and K. P. Singh 1967). As such, many variants have been named (C. D. Legrand 1962) based on seed surface differences, size of seeds, or on variable characters of growth habit, leaf length, and number of stamens. Seven subspecies were recognized by A. Danin et al. (1978): subsp.
oleracea
, subsp.
impolita
Danin & H. G. Baker, subsp.
granulatostellulata
Danin & H. G. Baker, subsp.
nicaraguensis
Danin & H. G. Baker, subsp.
nitida
Danin & H. G. Baker, subsp.
papillatostellulata
Danin & H. G. Baker, and subsp.
stellata
Danin & H. G. Baker.
