Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
Birds Checklist
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Index |
Code | Natural History Status |
A | Abundant; over 25 seen on a given day in proper habitat/season |
C | Common; 5-25 seen per day in proper habitat/season. |
F | Fairly common; at least one individual per day in proper habitat/season. |
U | Uncommon; at least one seen per season of occurrence or several seen per year. |
O | Occasional; one seen per year or less. |
X | Rare; has occurred in park at least once, but is not to be expected. |
R | Permanent Resident |
S | Summer Resident |
W | Winter Resident |
M | Migrant |
* | Considered to breed within park |
*? | Suspected to breed within park |
cc | Cades Cove |
lr | Look Rock fire tower |
he | High elevation (above 3,500 ft) |
ri | Reintroduced |
Index |
Order Anseriformes - Geese & Ducks | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Anatidae | ||
Subfamily Anatinae | ||
Aix sponsa | Wood Duck | OR* cc |
Anas americana | American Wigeon | XM |
Anas rubripes | American Black Duck | UW cc |
Anas platyrhynchos | Mallard | UW cc |
Anas discors | Blue-winged Teal | UM, OW |
Anas clypeata | Northern Shoveler | XM |
Anas acuta | Northern Pintail | XM |
Anas crecca | Green-winged Teal | XM |
Aythya collaris | Ring-necked Duck | OW |
Aythya affinis | Lesser Scaup | XM |
Melanitta fusca | White-winged Scoter | XW cc |
Melanitta nigra | Black Scoter | XW |
Bucephala albeola | Bufflehead | XW |
Bucephala clangula | Common Goldeneye | XW |
Lophodytes cucullatus | Hooded Merganser | UW, XS cc |
Mergus merganser | Common Merganser | OW |
Mergus serrator | Red-breasted Merganser | XM |
Oxyura jamaicensis | Ruddy Duck | OM cc |
Subfamily Anserinae | ||
Chen caerulescens | Snow Goose | XM |
Branta canadensis | Canada Goose | UR* |
Branta bernicla | Brant | XM |
Order Apodiformes - Swifts & Hummingbirds | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Apodidae | ||
Subfamily Chaeturinae | ||
Chaetura pelagica | Chimney Swift | CS* |
Family Trochilidae | ||
Subfamily Trochilinae | ||
Archilochus colubris | Ruby-throated Hummingbird | FS,* CM-fall |
Order Caprimulgiformes - Nighthawks & Nightjars | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Caprimulgidae | ||
Subfamily Chordeilinae | ||
Chordeiles minor | Common Nighthawk | FM |
Subfamily Caprimulginae | ||
Caprimulgus carolinensis | Chuck-will's-widow | US |
Caprimulgus vociferus | Whip-poor-will | FS* |
Order Charadriiformes - Shorebirds, Gulls, Terns | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Charadriidae | ||
Family Charadriinae | ||
Pluvialis dominica | American Golden-Plover | XM |
Charadrius semipalmatus | Semipalmated Plover | OM cc |
Charadrius vociferus | Killdeer | UR* cc |
Family Scolopacidae | ||
Tringa melanoleuca | Greater Yellowlegs | OM |
Tringa flavipes | Lesser Yellowlegs | XM |
Tringa solitaria | Solitary Sandpiper | UM |
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus | Willet | XM |
Actitis macularia | Spotted Sandpiper | UM |
Calidris pusilla | Semipalmated Sandpiper | XM |
Calidris minutilla | Least Sandpiper | OM cc |
Philomachus pugnax | Ruff | XM |
Gallinago gallinago | Common Snipe | UMW cc |
Scolopax minor | American Woodcock | UR* |
Phalaropus lobatus | Red-necked Phalarope | XM |
Phalaropus fulicaria | Red Phalarope | XW |
Family Laridae | ||
Subfamily Larinae | ||
Larus atricilla | Laughing Gull | XM |
Larus philadelphia | Bonaparte's Gull | XM |
Larus delawarensis | Ring-billed Gull | XMW |
Larus argentatus | Herring Gull | XW |
Subfamily Sterninae | ||
Sterna fuscata | Sooty Tern | XS |
Order Ciconiiformes - Bitterns, Herons & Vultures | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Ardeidae | ||
Botaurus lentiginosus | American Bittern | OM |
Ixobrychus exilis | Least Bittern | OM |
Ardea herodias | Great Blue Heron | UR cc |
Ardea alba | Great Egret | OM |
Egretta caerulea | Little Blue Heron | OM |
Butorides virescens | Green Heron | FS* cc |
Nycticorax nycticorax | Black-crowned Night-Heron | XS |
Nyctanassa violacea | Yellow-crowned Night-Heron | US* cc |
Family Cathartidae | ||
Coragyps atratus | Black Vulture | FR* cc |
Cathartes aura | Turkey Vulture | CR* cc |
Order Columbiformes - Doves | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Columbidae | ||
Columba livia | Rock Dove | XR |
Zenaida macroura | Mourning Dove | CR* cc |
Order Coraciiformes - Kingfishers | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Alcedinidae | ||
Ceryle alcyon | Belted Kingfisher | FR* |
Order Cuculiformes - Cuckoos | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Cuculidae | ||
Subfamily Coccyzinae | ||
Coccyzus erythropthalmus | Black-billed Cuckoo | US* |
Coccyzus americanus | Yellow-billed Cuckoo | FS* |
Order Falconiformes - Hawks & Eagles | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Accipitridae | ||
Subfamily Pandioninae | ||
Pandion haliaetus | Osprey | OM |
Subfamily Accipitrinae | ||
Elanoides forficatus | Swallow-tailed Kite | XS |
Ictinia mississippiensis | Mississippi Kite | XM |
Haliaeetus leucocephalus | Bald Eagle | OM |
Circus cyaneus | Northern Harrier | OMW |
Accipiter striatus | Sharp-shinned Hawk | UR* |
Accipiter cooperii | Cooper's Hawk | UR* |
Accipiter gentilis | Northern Goshawk | XR |
Buteo lineatus | Red-shouldered Hawk | OMW, OR* |
Buteo platypterus | Broad-winged Hawk | FS*, CM, lr |
Buteo jamaicensis | Red-tailed Hawk | UR* |
Aquila chrysaetos | Golden Eagle | XMW cc XS |
Family Falconidae | ||
Subfamily Falconinae | ||
Falco sparverius | American Kestrel | UR* cc |
Falco columbarius | Merlin | XMS |
Falco peregrinus | Peregrine Falcon | OWM, OS* ri |
Order Galliformes - Grouse, Turkeys & Quails | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Phasianidae | ||
Subfamily Tetraoninae | ||
Bonasa umbellus | Ruffed Grouse | FR* |
Subfamily Meleagridinae | ||
Meleagris gallopavo | Wild Turkey | UR* cc |
Family Odontophoridae | ||
Colinus virginianus | Northern Bobwhite | FR* |
Order Gaviiformes - Loons | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Gaviidae | ||
Gavia immer | Common Loon | OM |
Order Gruiformes - Cranes, Rails, Gallinules & Coots | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Rallidae | ||
Rallus elegans | King Rail | XMS |
Rallus limicola | Virginia Rail | XM |
Porzana carolina | Sora | OM |
Gallinula chloropus | Common Moorhen | XM |
Fulica americana | American Coot | XMWS |
Family Gruidae | ||
Subfamily Gruinae | ||
Grus canadensis | Sandhill Crane | XM |
Order Passeriformes - Songbirds | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Tyrannidae - Flycatchers | ||
Subfamily Fluvicolinae | ||
Contopus cooperi | Olive-sided Flycatcher | US,* he |
Contopus virens | Eastern Wood-Pewee | CS* |
Empidonax flaviventris | Yellow-bellied Flycatcher | XM |
Empidonax virescens | Acadian Flycatcher | CS* |
Empidonax alnorum | Alder Flycatcher | OM |
Empidonax traillii | Willow Flycatcher | OS |
Empidonax minimus | Least Flycatcher | US* |
Sayornis phoebe | Eastern Phoebe | CR* (UW) |
Subfamily Tryanninae | ||
Myiarchus crinitus | Great Crested Flycatcher | FS* |
Tyrannus verticalis | Western Kingbird | XM |
Tyrannus tyrannus | Eastern Kingbird | FS* cc |
Tyrannus forficatus | Scissor-tailed Flycatcher | XM cc |
Family Laniidae - Shrikes | ||
Lanius ludovicianus | Loggerhead Shrike | OR cc |
Family Vireonidae - Vireos | ||
Vireo griseus | White-eyed Vireo | FS* |
Vireo flavifrons | Yellow-throated Vireo | CS* |
Vireo solitarius | Blue-headed Vireo | CS* he |
Vireo gilvus | Warbling Vireo | OS |
Vireo philadelphicus | Philadelphia Vireo | OM |
Vireo olivaceus | Red-eyed Vireo | AS* |
Family Corvidae - Jays, Crows and Ravens | ||
Cyanocitta cristata | Blue Jay | CR* |
Corvus brachyrhynchos | American Crow | CR* |
Corvus corax | Common Raven | FR* he |
Family Alaudidae - Larks | ||
Eremophila alpestris | Horned Lark | OR cc |
Family Hirundinidae - Swallows | ||
Progne subis | Purple Martin | US |
Tachycineta bicolor | Tree Swallow | OM |
Stelgidopteryx serripennis | Northern Rough-winged Swallow | FS* |
Riparia riparia | Bank Swallow | OM |
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota | Cliff Swallow | UM |
Hirundo rustica | Barn Swallow | CS* |
Family Paridae - Chickadees & Titmice | ||
Poecile carolinensis | Carolina Chickadee | CR* |
Poecile atricapillus | Black-capped Chickadee | FR* he |
Baeolophus bicolor | Tufted Titmouse | CR* |
Family Sittidae - Nuthatches | ||
Sitta canadensis | Red-breasted Nuthatch | CR* he |
Sitta carolinensis | White-breasted Nuthatch | FR* |
Family Certhiidae - Creepers | ||
Certhia americana | Brown Creeper | FR* he |
Family Troglodytidae - Wrens | ||
Thryothorus ludovicianus | Carolina Wren | CR* |
Thryomanes bewickii | Bewick's Wren | XR* (formerly OR*) |
Troglodytes aedon | House Wren | OR, FM |
Troglodytes troglodytes | Winter Wren | CR* he |
Cistothorus platensis | Sedge Wren | OM |
Cistothorus palustris | Marsh Wren | OM |
Family Regulidae - Kinglets | ||
Regulus satrapa | Golden-crowned Kinglet | CR* he |
Regulus calendula | Ruby-crowned Kinglet | FMW |
Family Sylviidae - Gnatcatchers | ||
Subfamily Polioptilinae | ||
Polioptila caerulea | Blue-gray Gnatcatcher | CS* |
Family Turdidae - Thrushes | ||
Sialia sialis | Eastern Bluebird | FR* cc |
Catharus fuscescens | Veery | CS* he |
Catharus minimus | Gray-cheeked Thrush | FM |
Catharus ustulatus | Swainson's Thrush | CM |
Catharus guttatus | Hermit Thrush | FW, US (*?) |
Hylocichla mustelina | Wood Thrush | CS* |
Turdus migratorius | American Robin | FR,* CM |
Family Mimidae - Thrashers | ||
Dumetella carolinensis | Gray Catbird | FS,* OW |
Mimus polyglottos | Northern Mockingbird | UR* |
Toxostoma rufum | Brown Thrasher | FS,* UW |
Family Sturnidae - Starlings | ||
Sturnus vulgaris | European Starling | CR* |
Family Motacillidae - Pipits | ||
Anthus rubescens | American Pipit | OWM |
Family Bombycillidae - Waxwings | ||
Bombycilla cedrorum | Cedar Waxwing | FR* (erratic) |
Family Parulidae - Wood Warblers | ||
Vermivora pinus | Blue-winged Warbler | FM |
Vermivora chrysoptera | Golden-winged Warbler | US* |
Vermivora peregrina | Tennessee Warbler | CM |
Vermivora celata | Orange-crowned Warbler | OMW |
Vermivora ruficapilla | Nashville Warbler | FM |
Parula americana | Northern Parula | FS* |
Dendroica petechia | Yellow Warbler | FS* |
Dendroica pensylvanica | Chestnut-sided Warbler | CS* he |
Dendroica magnolia | Magnolia Warbler | CM (*?) |
Dendroica tigrina | Cape May Warbler | FM |
Dendroica caerulescens | Black-throated Blue Warbler | CS,* he |
Dendroica coronata | Yellow-rumped Warbler | A-CMW |
Dendroica virens | Black-throated Green Warbler | CS* |
Dendroica fusca | Blackburnian Warbler | FS* he |
Dendroica dominica | Yellow-throated Warbler | FS* |
Dendroica pinus | Pine Warbler | FS,* OW |
Dendroica discolor | Prairie Warbler | US* |
Dendroica palmarum | Palm Warbler | FM, OW |
Dendroica castanea | Bay-breasted Warbler | FM |
Dendroica striata | Blackpoll Warbler | FM (spr.), OM (fall) |
Dendroica cerulea | Cerulean Warbler | FM, OS |
Mniotilta varia | Black-and-white Warbler | CS* |
Setophaga ruticilla | American Redstart | FS* |
Protonotaria citrea | Prothonotary Warbler | OM, XS* |
Helmitheros vermivorus | Worm-eating Warbler | FS* |
Limnothlypis swainsonii | Swainson's Warbler | US* |
Seiurus aurocapillus | Ovenbird | CS* |
Seiurus noveboracensis | Northern Waterthrush | OM |
Seiurus motacilla | Louisiana Waterthrush | CS* |
Oporornis formosus | Kentucky Warbler | CS* |
Oporornis formosus | Kentucky Warbler | CS* |
Oporornis agilis | Connecticut Warbler | OM |
Geothlypis trichas | Common Yellowthroat | FS* |
Wilsonia citrina | Hooded Warbler | CS* |
Wilsonia pusilla | Wilson's Warbler | OM |
Wilsonia canadensis | Canada Warbler | CS* he |
Icteria virens | Yellow-breasted Chat | US* |
Family Thraupidae - Tanagers | ||
Piranga rubra | Summer Tanager | FS* |
Piranga olivacea | Scarlet Tanager | CS* |
Family Emberizidae - Sparrows | ||
Pipilo erythrophthalmus | Eastern Towhee | CR* |
Aimophila aestivalis | Bachman's Sparrow | XS (formerly OS) |
Spizella passerina | Chipping Sparrow | CS* |
Spizella pusilla | Field Sparrow | CR* |
Pooecetes gramineus | Vesper Sparrow | UM cc |
Chondestes grammacus | Lark Sparrow | XS cc |
Passerculus sandwichensis | Savannah Sparrow | UMW cc |
Ammodramus savannarum | Grasshopper Sparrow | OSM cc |
Ammodramus henslowii | Henslow's Sparrow | XM |
Ammodramus leconteii | Le Conte's Sparrow | XMW cc |
Passerella iliaca | Fox Sparrow | O-FW |
Melospiza melodia | Song Sparrow | CR* |
Melospiza lincolnii | Lincoln's Sparrow | OM |
Melospiza georgiana | Swamp Sparrow | FW |
Zonotrichia albicollis | White-throated Sparrow | C-AW |
Zonotrichia leucophrys | White-crowned Sparrow | OM, OW |
Junco hyemalis | Dark-eyed Junco | AR* he (lower elv. W) |
Plectrophenax nivalis | Snow Bunting | XW he |
Family Cardinalidae - Cardinals, Grosbeaks and Buntings | ||
Cardinalis cardinalis | Northern Cardinal | CR* |
Pheucticus ludovicianus | Rose-breasted Grosbeak | FS* he |
Guiraca caerulea | Blue Grosbeak | OM, OS cc (*?) |
Passerina cyanea | Indigo Bunting | C-AS* |
Spiza americana | Dickcissel | XW cc |
Family Icteridae - Meadowlarks, Blackbirds, and Orioles | ||
Dolichonyx oryzivorus | Bobolink | UM cc |
Agelaius phoeniceus | Red-winged Blackbird | FM, CS,* cc, UW |
Sturnella magna | Eastern Meadowlark | CR* cc |
Euphagus carolinus | Rusty Blackbird | UM, OW |
Quiscalus quiscula | Common Grackle | FS,* UW |
Molothrus ater | Brown-headed Cowbird | FM, FR* |
Icterus spurius | Orchard Oriole | UM, US* |
Icterus galbula | Baltimore Oriole | UM, OS,* cc |
Family Fringillidae - Finches | ||
Subfamily Cardulinae | ||
Carpodacus purpureus | Purple Finch | U-FW |
Carpodacus mexicanus | House Finch | XW, OR |
Loxia curvirostra | Red Crossbill | UR he (erratic) (*?) |
Loxia leucoptera | White-winged Crossbill | XW |
Carduelis flammea | Common Redpoll | XW |
Carduelis pinus | Pine Siskin | US, U-CW (erratic) (*?) |
Carduelis tristis | American Goldfinch | FR* |
Coccothraustes vespertinus | Evening Grosbeak | U-CW (erratic) |
Family Passeridae - Old World Sparrows | ||
Passer domesticus | House Sparrow | UR* |
Order Pelecaniformes - Pelicans & Cormorants | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Pelecanidae | ||
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos | American White Pelican | XM |
Family Phalacrocoracidae | ||
Phalacrocorax auritus | Double-crested Cormorant | XM |
Order Piciformes - Woodpeckers | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Picidae | ||
Melanerpes erythrocephalus | Red-headed Woodpecker | UR* cc |
Melanerpes carolinus | Red-bellied Woodpecker | FR* |
Sphyrapicus varius | Yellow-bellied Sapsucker | US,* he, FW |
Picoides pubescens | Downy Woodpecker | FR* |
Picoides villosus | Hairy Woodpecker | FR* |
Picoides borealis | Red-cockaded Woodpecker | OR* (formerly) |
Colaptes auratus | Northern Flicker | FR* |
Dryocopus pileatus | Pileated Woodpecker | FR* |
Order Podicipediformes - Grebes | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Podicipedidae | ||
Podilymbus podiceps | Pied-billed Grebe | UM |
Podiceps auritus | Horned Grebe | OM |
Order Procellariiformes - Storm-Petrels | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Hydrobatidae | ||
Oceanodroma castro | Band-rumped Storm-Petrel | XM |
Order Strigiformes - Owls | ||
Scientific name | Common name | Code |
Family Tytonidae | ||
Tyto alba | Barn Owl | OR |
Family Strigidae | ||
Otus asio | Eastern Screech-Owl | FR* |
Bubo virginianus | Great Horned Owl | UR* |
Strix varia | Barred Owl | FR* |
Aegolius acadicus | Northern Saw-whet Owl | FR* he |
Index |
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