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Reprinted with Permission from: R.J. Oram. 2018. Revision of the Genus Hylaeus Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) in Canada. Master’s Thesis University of Regina
Diagnosis: Females of Hylaeus basalis can be easily identified by their large size and completely black bodies. Males can be easily identified by the enlarged scape, being three times the width of the flagellum and covering half the face, which is extensively maculated.
Females: average face width = 2.55mm; average thorax length = 2.72mm; average intertegular width = 2.15mm; average forewing length = 6.27mm. (n=5) Black, no maculations present on the body
Head: Scape straight, with sparse, shallow punctures covering the surface (i = 1pd) interspaces polished, F1–2 quadrate, F3 broader than long, about half the length of F1, F4–F9 quadrate, subequal in length to F1, F10 slightly longer than broad; clypeus as long
as broad, with shallow punctures (i > 1–2pd), interspaces teselate; superclypeal area with shallow punctures dense (i < 1pd ) apically below antennal sockets, becoming impunctate apically; lower paraocular area with sparse, shallow punctures (i = 1.5pd) with shallow grooves filling the interspaces; upper paraocular area and frons with coarse punctures (interspaces hardly visible); vertexal area not elevated, punctures (interspaces hardly visible), punctures more spaced between the compound eye and ocellus (i = 1pd) with an impunctate ring (1pd) around lateral ocellus; compound eyes with inner margin very weakly converging below; facial fovea short, with lower margin at level of bend of inner eye margin, extending to upper curve of eye, fovea separated from upper margin (width of two fovea); face with sparse, short, erect, pale hairs, with long pale hairs at the top of
the vertexal and genal area; mandibles with short pale erect hairs.
Thorax: black, wing membranes clear, veins brown. Pronotal collar rounded anteriorly, width of collar even throughout; mesoscutum with shallow punctures (i = 1 pd), interspaces tesselate; parapsidal lines faint, about the length of the tegula; scutellum with deep uniform punctures (i = 1.5pd), interspaces smooth; metanotum with course, dense punctures (interspaces hardly visible); mesepisternum with anterior and lateral faces rounded, with deep punctures (i < 1pd) with interspaces tesselate; metepisternum with shallow punctures (i < 1pd) with interspaces tesselate and roughened; propodeum with basal heavily rugose, sloping downwards and rounding onto the posterior surface, posterior surfaces smooth, posterior surface rounded onto the lateral surface, lateral surface with shallow punctures (i = 2pd) with interspaces extremely teselate; fore coxae rounded. Mesoscutum and scutellum with sparse, erect white hairs; metanotum with with
elongate, white branched hairs laterally; pleuron with sparse, long, erect white hairs; propodeum with short, white branched hairs on the posterior and lateral surfaces, with longer branched white hairs located under the wing base on the posterior and lateral surface; foreleg with a mixture of short and long white branched hairs on coxa, mixture of short erect pale simple hairs and long branched white hairs on femur, flattened pale hairs on tibia, short, dense pale hairs on tarsi; mid leg with short branched white hairs on coxa, short pale hairs on femur, short, flat pale hairs on tibia, short, sparse pale hairs on tarsi; hind leg with short, semi-erect white hairs on coxa, with short, pale hairs throughout on remaining segments, with erect hairs intermixed on basitarsus.
Abdomen: T1 with pale apical fascia laterally, T1–T5 smooth and polished, with small pits from which short, fine pale white hairs arise, T6 smooth and polished, with long pale erect hairs arising from apical portion; S1–S5 smooth, with course punctures (i = 2pd) and small pits from which small fine pale white hairs arise, S5 with short erect dark hairs and a line of sparse black hairs delimiting an apical golden crescent; S6 with long dark hairs covering apical half.
Males: average face width = 2.49mm; average thorax length = 2.56mm; average intertegular width = 2.13mm; average forewing length = 6.23mm. (n=) Black, except for yellow maculations on the clypeus, supraclypeal area, sides of face with maculation covering lower paraocular area extending from malar area to just antennal
sockets, maculation tapering at top, close to the eye, scape maculated, covering the outer half, pale yellow maculations on the fore femur basally, tibia maculated in full dorsally, fore basitarsus and mediotarsus yellow, mid tibia with basal and apical dot, mid
basitarsus and mediotarsus yellow, hind tibia with maculation on basal half, basitarsus and mediotarsus yellow; wing membranes slightly tinted brown and clear, veins brown.
Head: Scape enlarged, three times the width of the flagellum, with dense, shallow punctures covering surface, F1 and F2 subequal in length, quadrate, F3–F11 longer than broad; clypeus length equal to width, with course punctures (i = 1pd) and interspaces smooth; supraclypeal area short, length equal to half of clypeus, impunctate; upper paraocular area and frons with punctures coarse and dense (interspaces hardly visible); vertexal area not elevated, densely punctured (interspaces hardly visible), with an impunctate ring around the lateral ocellus about 1pd; compound eyes with inner margin
converging below; facial fovea extremely short, localized at the upper edge of compound eye not diverging; face with long, sparse, erect, pale hairs; mandibles with short erect hairs; genal area with short white branched hairs.
Thorax: Pronotal collar sloped, width of collar even throughout; mesoscutum with punctures coarse and dense (i < 1 pd), interspaces tesselate; parapsidal evanescent, half the length of the tegula; scutellum with deep, sparse punctures (i = 1pd), with interspaces polished; metanotum rugosopunctate; mesepisternum with anterior and lateral faces rounded, punctures coarse and close (i = 1pd); metepisternum rugosopunctate; propodeum with basal area heavily rugose, sloping steeply onto posterior surface, posterior surface rugosopunctate, posterior surface separated rounded onto lateral surface, lateral surfaceimpunctate and tesselate; fore coxa rounded. Mesoscutum and scutellum with intermixed short and long, erect, pale simple hairs; metanotum with intermixed short and long, pale white hairs medially, with long, white, branched hairs laterally; pleuron
with extremely long, white, hairs; propodeum with short, white branched hairs at edge of posterior surface, with long, white branched hairs under the wing base on posterior and lateral surfaces; foreleg with long white branched hairs on coxa, short pale erect hairs
dorsally and long pale erect hairs ventrally on femur, flattened pale hairs on tibia, long, dense pale hairs on tarsus and basitarsus; mid leg with short simple hairs throughout, with pale erect hairs on the tarsus and basitarsus; hind leg with short, semi-erect branched,
white hairs on coxa, with short, pale hairs throughout on remaining segments, with erect hairs intermixed on basitarsus.
Abdomen: T1with pale apical fascia laterally, surface smooth and shiny, with small, spaced punctures (i > 2pd), T2 –T7 with small dense pits from which short, fine pale white hairs arise causing the surface to look roughened, T7 with short erect golden hairs on apical portion; S1–S6 smooth, with small pits from which small fine pale white hairs arise and deep punctures (i = 1pd) on apical halves, S6 with erect dark hairs on apical edge, S6 with short erect dark hair on apical half.
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960 Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.
FEMALE�Length 8-9 mm.; entirely black, with neither facial nor thoracic maculations; facial foveae well developed, linear, separated from eyes by a wider space, slightly diverging from eyes above; basal segment of flagellum slightly longer than pedicel or 2nd segment, which are subequal; cheeks broader than eyes; malar space very short, almost absent; pleural punctures slightly more coarse and sparse than those of scutum, subequal to those of scutellum; abdomen shining and impunctate at base, becoming more closely punctate and dull apically, but the punctures exceedingly minute and obscure; tegulae reddish-piceous; wings lightly infuscated; antennae and legs obscurely reddened.
MALE�Length 8-9 mm.; entire thorax and abdomen black; head and legs blackish except for the following pale yellow maculations; outer half of scape, entire face below antennae but excluding labrum and mandibles, apical third of inner face of front femora, front tibiae anteriorly, basal and apical spots on mid tibiae and basitarsi, basal third and an apical spot on hind tibiae and basitarsi; tarsi otherwise reddish; antennae and tegulae reddish-piceous; wings lightly infuscated; scape enormously enlarged, fully as broad as long, and covering entirely the upper third of the face; cheeks broader than eyes; thorax rather closely and deeply punctate throughout; abdomen very finely and obscurely punctate, rather sparsely so toward base.
DISTRIBUTION � Southern Canada, from British Columbia to Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, south to Idaho, Colorado, Wisconsin, Michigan and New York; May to August.
Extracted from Studies on North American Bees of the Genus Hylaeus. 4. The Subgenera Cehalylaeus, Metziella and Hylaeana by Snelling, R.R. (1868)
Prosopis basalis. F . Smith. 1853. Catalogue of Hymenoptera in the British
Museum, 1 :22. ~ 3.
Prosopis basalis, Melz, 1911. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 37: 102-103. Q t.
Hylaeus (Cephalylaells) basalis, Michener, 1942. Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc.,
50:274. Milchell, 1960. Tech. Bul. 141 , North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sla., pp.
76-77.
This is a widely distributed species in montane areas of the United States
and Canada. In the southern portions of its range it is found only at high
elevations in the various major north-south mountain ranges. It is, however,
rarely taken in large numbers, and, like its close relative H. nunenmacheri
Bridwell , exhibits a decided preference for flowers of the family Rosaceae.
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