aspects of these cases and have found that Townes' statements about their history are correct
(see Hemming, 1943). I also learned that Opinion 135, which pertains to suppression of the
names of Jurine which were vaUdated in 1801 (including Cryptus), has no vaUdity on the same
grounds. However, in 1973 I discovered that Opinion 135 is of no consequence with respect to
the homonymy of Cryptus Fabricius (1804) because the latter would be preoccupied by Cryptus
Panzer (1804) if Cryptus Jurine (1801) had been suppressed. The fact that Panzer's usage of the
name Cryptus predates the Fabrician usage is demonstrated by Fabricius' (1804, p. 35) citation
of fascicle 88 of Panzer's "Faunae insectorum Germanicae", wherein Panzer (1804) validated the
name Cryptus segmentarius, which is the type-species of Cryptus Jurine by subsequent
monotypy and which is a synonym of Arge rustica (Linnaeus). After pondering this matter for a
considerable time, I decided to use the name Cryptus Fabricius in the present catalog in spite of
its homonymy for the following reasons: (1) the name Cryptus Jurine was never applied more
than sparingly to sawflies of the genus Arge for a variety of reasons, the principal ones being
the obscurity of the publication in which Cryptus Jurine (1801) appeared and the fact that most
authors thought the name had been validated only by Jurine (1807) and treated it either as a ju-
nior homonym of Cryptus Fabricius or a junior synonym of Hylotomma (itself a junior synonym
of Arge); (2) neither Cryptus Jurine nor Cryptus Panzer are likely to be hereafter treated as
available names by specialists working on Symphyta; (3) the historic significance of the names
Cryptus and Cryptinae for ichneumonology is secondary only to that of Ichneumon and Ichneu-
monidae.

Fitton and Gauld (1976, p. 249) apparently made independent discovery of the Fabrician cita-
tion of Panzer (1804, fasc. 88), and opted in favor of the group name Hemitelinae. I am not cer-
tain that the latter will gain wide acceptance among ichneumonid workers, a question which also
influenced my decision in favor of Cryptus and Cryptinae. In any event, the paper of Fitton and
Gauld did not appear untU after the computerization of my manuscript for the Cryptinae, and it
is not feasible for me to now alter my decision.

I have applied the names Ichneumon and Pimpla according to the type-species designations
of Curtis (1828 and 1839, respectively). I regard application of the names Pimpla Fabricius
(1804) and Pimplini to Coccygomimus and Echthromorphini, respectively (in accordance with
the illegal Opinion 159), as a nomenclatural absurdity of incredible magnitude. Fabricius placed
no species of Coccygomimus in Pimpla; he invariably placed them in Cryptus in 1804. Thus
Ichneumon instigator Fabricius (the type-species of Pimpla according to Opinion 159) was not
one of the species which Fabricius had included in Pimpla.

I regard Ephialtes Schrank (1802, p. 316) as an available name. Schrank's partial misidentifica-
tion of the type-species (see his p. 269-270 description of Ichneumon compunctor Unnaeus)
makes it a case analogous to that of his genus Paniscus (see introductory discussion of Netelia),
except for the fact that Paniscus is suppressed as a junior synonym of Ophion.

Questions of synonymy of supergeneric names have here been decided in favor of the oldest
available supergeneric names having type-genera which are currently valid (i.e. not suppressed
as junior objective or subjective synonyms). The resultant usage is largely in agreement with
that in the paper by Fitton and Gauld (1976) on the ichneumonid supergeneric names other than
those of Ichneumoninae. The most noteworthy differences between their usages and mine per-
tain to Ephialtini (not used here), Pimplini, and names based upon Cryptus.

The following is a discussion of some of the most important publications on Ichneumonidae
pertinent to studies of the Nearctic fauna; to a limited extent, some of the authors are also
discussed. Biographical data on these and additional authors who published on Ichneumonidae
were compUed by Sachtleben (1962b, p. 720-726).

The first real specialist to study Ichmeumonidae was Gravenhorst (my reference to him as an
ichneumonid speciahst should not be misconstrued; he is also well known for his taxonomic work
on certain Coleoptera, and he published on subjects other than entomology). In 1815 Graven-
horst published the first sizeable taxonomic paper that dealt strictly with Ichneumonidae. In
1819 he published a conspectus (i.e. outline) of the 1829 work that is the foundation for modern
ichneumonology. The appearance of the latter work was preceded by Gravenhorst's (1820) paper
on the ichneumonids of the Italian Piedmont and by Thunberg's (1822, 1824) revision of
"Ichneumonidea," (Ichneumonoidea, Gasteruptiidae, and Aulacidae). Thunberg's revision was
based largely upon Fabricius (1804), but the nine generic names which Fabricius had proposed
for the species Thunberg treated were suppressed by Thunberg as synonyms of Ichneumon.
This resulted in much homonymy, and Thunberg proposed many replacement names. Fortunate-




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ly, most of the replacement names are unavailable by virtue of having been proposed to replace
senior homonyms.

Gravenhorst (1829), on the other hand, attempted to redefine the Fabrician genera of Ichneu-
monidae and give them phyletic meaning by excluding all but a few of the originally included
species and adding others. With the exception of Gelis Thunberg (1827), Gravenhorst also util-
ized the generic names which had been proposed by other authors who had preceded him.
Although Gravenhorst's generic nomenclature was not altogether sound with respect to present
rules (see Townes, 1969, p. 10), many of the nomenclatural problems which surfaced in the early
part of the 20th Century were not caused by anything Gravenhorst did (although he is culpable
in the cases of Bassus and Xorides), and could not have been avoided by anything he could have
foreseen. In the case of Pimpla, Gravenhorst (1819) did not indicate the precise group of species
for which he would use the name in his familial (our generic) sense; therefore, Curtis (1828)
could not have known that his choice of type-species would not agree with Gravenhorst's (1829)
usage.

Townes (1959) described the general condition of the Gravenhorst collection. Additional infor-
mation on the collection and its labeling were published by Townes (1965).

Foerster (1868) was the next person to publish a major work dealing with the entire family.
All of the 489 genera newly described in his 1868 paper had no included species. Foerster in-
tended that his generic names would apply to the European fauna, but the first included species,
European or otherwise became the only ones eligible for selection as type-species. In many cases
the type-species fixation was by subsequent monotypy (Intematl. Code Zool. Nomencl., art. 69
[A] [ii] [2]). Perkins (1962) dealt with the type-species of the Foerster genera, and except for
the few cases in which corrections are made here or elsewhere, or in which species have been
referred to Foerster genera since 1962, the type-species I have cited are those cited by Perkins.

Holmgren, Cresson, and Provancher were contemporaries who between 1855 and 1890
published many descriptions of new species of Ichneumonidae, and, in the case of Holmgren,
many new genera also. The majority of the new species described by Cresson are Nearctic.
Cresson's (1887) synopsis of Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico included keys to the sub-
families and genera of Ichneumonidae and a catalog of the species and their synonyms. Cresson
(1916) published a list of species he had described, and he indicated which single specimen was to
be regarded as the type for each; thus he selected lectotypes for those cases in which he had
described a species from more than one specimen. His 1916 paper also included a list of all the
papers he had published on Hymenoptera, but there is no published list which excludes those
that do not involve Ichneumonidae. Cresson's (1928) paper (published posthumously) on the
types of other authors concerns only those to be found in the collection at the Academy of Natu-
ral Sciences of Philadelphia. Therefore, in cases where all the type material of a given species
was not deposited at the A. N. S. P., Cresson's citations of individual specimens may not con-
stitute lectotype selection. It is apparent, however, that they were accepted as such by Townes
(1944, 1945) and in cases where only one syntype (or only one syntype from the locality indicated
as the type locality) was deposited at the A. N. S. P., "Townes may technically be the lectotype
selector.

Provancher dealt mostly with the Fauna of Canada, most particularly with that of Quebec. He
published most of his original descriptions in "le Naturaliste canadien," but in 1883 published a
compilation of them. Additions and corrections to the ichneumonid parts of this 1883 compilation
were published by Provancher (1886, 1888, 1889). Gahan and Rohwer (1917, 1918) selected lecto-
types for many of Provancher's Hymenoptera (except bees). Barron (1975) restudied the Ichneu-
monidae in the Provancher collections. He located some types not found by Gahan and Rohwer
and in some cases rejected lectotypes that Gahan and Rohwer had selected. In most cases, Bar-
ron's grounds for rejecting particular Gahan and Rohwer lectotypes seem valid, but in a number
of the cases there was no proof that the Gahan and Rohwer lectotypes had not been syntypes. In
those cases (which I discuss under the species in question) I have regarded the Gahan and
Rohwer lectotypes as being valid. Barron discussed Provancher's life, collections., and
methodology; he also tabulated Provancher's publications on Ichneumonidae (p. 414).

Holmgren dealt mainly with the fauna of Sweden, but did describe six species from California
(Holmgren, 1869a) and seven from Greenland (Holmgren, 1869b, 1872). According to information
published by Persson (1971) all of the California species were probably collected in the vicinity
of San Francisco.

Thomson published on Ichneumonidae between 1783 and 1897, mostly in his "Opuscula en-




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tomologica"; the latter has continuous pagination, but is in most other respects a serial publica-
tion, and in this catalog I have bibliographically treated it as such. Thomson was an important
adopter of Foerster names. In adopting them, however, he often altered their terminations (see
Perkins, 1962, p. 387-390). The Thomson spellings have most recently been treated as emenda-
tions (see Walkley, 1958, p. 57; Perkins, 1962, p. 387; Townes, 1969, p. 13-14), and I have cited
them as such in this catalog. However, Thomson never cited the original spellings in any of these
cases, and although it is obvious in most cases that his spellings were deliberate, they technically
should be treated as lapses. Thomson was good at finding characters for distinguishing genera,
and also seems to have been very talented at distinguishing closely related species. His ability in
the latter respect, at least, seems to have been much greater than that of any of his contempora-
ries who worked on Ichneumonidae. The weaknesses in Thomson's work stem from the fact that
he apparently never traveled to study the collections even of prior Scandinavian workers (e.g.
Hobngren, Thunberg, Woldstedt), but instead ignored their names (i.e. in the case of Thunberg)
or attempted to identify their species from their descriptions. Many of Thomson's errors in the
identification of the species of others are being corrected in current papers.

Ashmead published on Ichneumonidae between 1888 and 1906. His 1900 treatment of the
Ichneumonoidea was hastily contrived and full of errors. It is based largely upon the generic
keys of Foerster and, with respect to Ichneumonidae, is significant mostly for its fixation of
some type-species and for the validation of new generic and specific names. Some of the names
validated by Ashmead (1900) were discussed by Cushman (1942). Crawford (1900) published a
list of Ashmead's entomological papers and an index to the generic names of Ashmead; there is
no published list of only those Ashmead papers which involve Ichneumonidae.

The ichneumonid part (1901-1902) of Dalla Torre's catalog of Hymenoptera is, for the most
part, bibliographically accurate and nearly complete. Those inaccuracies which are found in his
catalog appear to have resulted from the fact that he either did not have all of the primary
literature available to him or did not have time to check it. He connot be faulted on either ac-
count, but those who can feasibly check his cataloging of older works probably would be wise in
doing so.

Viereck published a significant number of papers on Ichneumonidae and other Hymenoptera
between 1902 and 1928, but is probably best known for his publications on the type- species of
Ichneumonoidea (1914, 1921) and the Hymenoptera of Connecticut (1917, with other collaborat-
ing authors). His work on the ichneumonoid type-species was based largely upon Dalla Torre's
catalog; some of his oversights of first inclusions of species in ichneumonid genera of Foerster
could have been avoided if he had studied Dalla Torre's catalog more carefully. Viereck was not
a careful worker, however, and the characters he used for distinguishing what he called genera
and species were poorly chosen. Consequently, his 1917 treatment of the Ichneumonidae in
Hymenoptera of Connecticut has served only to befuddle or mislead those who have attempted
to use it. Apparently, there is no published list of Viereck's publications.

Roman (Sweden) and Cushman (U. S. A.) were specialists who published numerous papers on
Ichneumonidae over periods of time that were largely overlapping (1903-1940 and 1913-1947,
respectively). I have cited below the four taxonomic papers of Cushman (1921 [with Gahan],
1922, 1928, 1942) which deal with Ichneumonidae in a more or less general fashion. A complete
listing of Cushman's publications was given by Townes (1957).

Roman (1912, 1932, 1936) published important papers on ichneumonid type specimens of Thun-
berg and Linnaeus. His papers on the Ichneumonidae of Greenland are some of the most recent
ones on the subject; these and other papers on Greenland Ichneumonidae were cited by
Sachtleben (1962c, p. 923). Sachtleben (1962a, p. 171-173) listed most of Roman's papers on
Ichneumonidae.

The Nearctic catalog of Ichneumonidae by Townes (1944, 1945) differs from the present
catalog in showing all the published generic combinations for each species and in citing type lo-
calities and type repositories. Those types of Viereck cited in that catalog as being at the Conn.
Agr. Expt. Sta. have since been transferred to the U. S. Natl. Museum. Other corrections to the
1944-1945 catalog of Townes were given by Townes (1973, p. 359-369).

The Nearctic catalog of Townes and Townes (1951) did not cite either the nomina nuda which
had been cited in synonymy by Townes (1944, 1945) or those he had left unplaced (1945, p.
768-770). The nomina nuda are reinserted here because they have some historic significance, that
significance being greatest when they pertain to specimens which subsequently became types of
valid names.




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Short's (1959, 1970) study of final-instar larvae was more complete and detailed than that of
Beirne (1941), and therefore seems to have had a greater impact upon the classification of Ichne-
umonidae. Although some specialists who work primarily with adults have recently incorporated
larval studies into their taxonomic revisions, information about larvae has come chieftly from
scientists, like Dr. Short, who are larval specialists. I believe that the information they have
published has in some cases been misused by those who specialize in study of adult specimens.
The latter sometimes accord as great a significance to structural characters of the head sclerites
of final-instar larvae as to the sum total of the adult structural characters which have been stu-
died. For example, Townes (1969, p. 28-29) based his assertion that Ichneumoninae and Cryp-
tinae (=his GeUnae) are unrelated upon differences between the known larvae of the two
groups. Townes believed the fact that "these two subfamilies ... resemble each other to a re-
markable degree" ... "to be the result of hunting [for] hosts on foot," a habit shared by many
members of both groups, but not all the members of either. The Ichneumoninae are internal
pupal and larval-pupal parasites of Lepidoptera, whUe most of the Cryptinae are presumed to be
external parasites of a variety of hosts, including Lepidoptera. The known larvae of these two
groups differ accordingly. Because internal parasitism must evolve from external parasitism (or
vise versa), I believe that it is Ulogical to regard the known larval differences as evidence in-
dicating that the Ichneumoninae and Cryptinae are unrelated. I hope that this and similar
questions are to be addressed in Dr. Short's revised and greatly expanded work on larvae which
is nearly ready for publication (personal commun., J. R. T. Short, 1977).

Sachtleben's (1962a) bibliography of of Palearctic Ichneumonidae is an extremely valuable tool
for those interested in the taxonomy or biology of Ichneumonidae. Additions and corrections to
this bibliography were published by Sachtleben (1962b, p. 726- 731), and Sachtleben (1962c) pro-
vided a set of subject indices to the bibliography (e.g. indices to papers on morphology, ecology,
physiology, parasitization of individually listed hosts, various taxonomic categories, etc.). It
seems likely that in compiling this set of papers Sachtleben would not have found time for veri-
fying dates of publication; this seems to be borne out by my observation regarding dates for
various papers of Holmgren, for some of which I have established dates (i.e. years) of publica-
tion later than those cited by Sachtleben.

Much new species synonymy was published in the catalogs of Townes, Townes, and Gupta
(1961), Townes, Momoi, and Townes (1965) and Townes and Townes (1966, 1973); some improve-
ments in generic and supergeneric classification were also made, particularly in the 1961, 1965,
and 1966 catalogs. Many additional changes in classification were made by Townes (1969, 1970a,
1970b, 1971) in his treatment of the genera of the world (except Ichneumoninae). The fact that
these works on the genera have been of great importance to the present catalog will be obvious
from the fact that I have largely adopted Townes' arrangement of genera and supergeneric
categories. However, the arrangement of the taxa in any classification is a superficial matter of
secondary importance, and the ultimate value of Townes' volumes on the genera stems from the
great amount of new and old real information that they have brought together.

Townes' (1969) estimate of the number of extant ichneumonid species as slightly fewer than
60,500 is rather frequently cited in publication and conversation. In a recent conversation I was
told of an anonymous coleopterist who has estimated the size of the Curculionidae to be "100,000
to 250,000" species, and I have also heard claims that the Noctuidae and Chalcidoidea may ex-
ceed the Ichneumonidae in size. The fact that no persons have yet assembled the collections or
the knowledge of them to allow them to make size estimates of the Noctuidae, Chalcidoidea, or
Curculionidae that they are willing to publish would seem to attest to the ability and dedication
of both of the Towneses. Uncertainties about the absolute and relative sizes of the groups men-
tioned will outlive those presently wondering about them. However, our present speculations
serve to remind us that the number of persons working on the various aspects of systematics
and biology of the taxa in any large insect group is far fewer than the number which can
possibly satisfy the demand for information about those taxa.

Taxonomy: Jurine, 1801. In Panzer, Litteratur-Ztg. Erlangen, Intelligenzbl. 1: 163.
— Schrank, 1802. Fauna Boica, v. 2, p. 261-319. —Panzer, 1804. Faunae Ins. German., fasc.
88, pi. 17. -Fabricius, 1804. Systema Piezatorum, p. 35, 54-101, 112-123, 126-140. —Jurine,
1807. Nouv. Meth. Class. Hym. Dipt. v. 1, p. 49-51, 98-115, pi. 3, 6, 8. — Gravenhorst, 1815.
Monog. Ichn. Pedestrum, VIII and 110 p. —Gravenhorst, 1819 (1818). Nova Acta
Leopoldina 9: 281-298. —Gravenhorst, 1820. Acad. Sci. Torino, Mem. 24: 275-388.




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—Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8: 249-281 (key); 9:
285-368. —Thunberg, 1827. Soc. Sci. Upsala, Nova Acta 9: 199-204 (Gelis described).
—Curtis, 1828. Brit. Ent., v. 5, pi. 214 (type-species desig. for Pimpla). — Gravenhorst,
1829. Ichn. Europaea, 3 v., xxxi and 2916 p. —Curtis, 1839. Brit. Ent., v. 16, pi. 728
(type-species desig. for Ichneumon). — Foerster, 1868. Naturh. Ver. Rheinlande, Verh. 25:
135-221. -Holmgren, 1869a (1868). Eug. Resa, pt. 2 (Zool.), sect. 1 (Ins.), p. 391-442.
—Holmgren, 1869b. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (n. f.) 8 (5): 1-56. —Holmgren, 1872.
Svenska Vetensk.-Akad., Ofvers. af ... Forhandl. 29: 97-105. —Thomson, 1873-1897. Opusc.
Ent. 5: 455-527 (1873); 6: 589-612 (1874); 8: 732-777 (1877); 9: 850-936 (1883); 10: 939-1040
(1884); 11: 1043-1182 (1887); 12: 1185-1318 (1888); 13: 1321-1438 (1889); 14: 1441-1534 (1890);
15: 1601-1656 (1891); 16: 1752-1773 (1892); 17: 1862-1886 (1892); 18: 1889-1967 (1893); 19:
1971-2137 (1894); 21: 2343-2404 (1896); 22: 2407-2450 (1897); — Provancher, 1883. Petite
Faune Ent. Canada, v. 2, p. 249-490, 752-803 (addit. et corr.), 819-830 (index).
—Provancher, 1886; 1888; 1889. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 29-121; 356-370
(sup. aux addit.); 445-475 (index), errata. — Cresson, 1887. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans., sup. vol.
(for 1887), p. 38-52 (keys), 183-221 (catalog). — Ashmead, 1900. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 23:
9-103, 104, 151-152, 161-190. -DaUa Torre, 1901; 1902. Cat. Hym., v. 3, pt. 1, p. 10-544; pt.
2, p. 545-1058, 1089. — Schmiedeknecht, 1902-1927; 1928-1936. Opusc. Ichn., 5 v., 44 fasc,
3570 p.; sup., 1 v., 25 fasc, 1875 p. — Cravi^ford, 1909. Ent. Soc Wash., Proc 10: 126-156
(biog. and bibliog. of Ashmead). —Roman, 1912. Zool. Bidr. Uppsala 1: 231-293. — Viereck,
1914. U. S. Natl. Mus., Bui. 83, 186 p. — Morice and Durrant, 1915. Ent. Soc London,
' Trans. 63: 339-370, 372-375, 388-390 (scholarly discussion of Jurine, 1801). —Cresson, 1916.
Amer. Ent. Soc, Mem. 1: 12-64, 135-140. —Viereck, 1917 (1916). Conn. State Geol. and Nat.
Hist. Survey Bui. 22: 243-360. — Gahan and Rohwer, 1917; 1918. Canad. Ent. 49: 298-308,
331-336, 391-400, 427-433; 50: 28-33, 101-106, 133-137, 166-171, 196-201. —Viereck, 1918;
1919. Biol. Soc. Wash., Proc. 31: 69-74; 32: 45, 198 (supergeneric names). — Cushman and
Gahan, 1921. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 23: 153-171 (Say's species of Ichneumonidae).
—Viereck, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 59: 129-150 (sup. to Viereck, 1914). —Cushman,
1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (8): 1-30. —Cresson, 1928. Amer. Ent. Soc, Mem. 5: 11-26.
—Cushman, 1928. In Leonard, N. Y. (Cornell) Agr. Expt. Sta., Mem. 101: 920-960 (N. Y.
list, Ichneumonidae). —Roman, 1932. Ent. Tidskr. 53: 1-16 (Linnaean types). —Roman,
1933. Ent. Tidskr. 54: 37-39 (type-species of some old ichneumonid genera). —Roman, 1936.
Ent. Tidskr. 57: 1-5 (ichneumonid types of Linnaeus in Stockholm Mus.). — Hemming, 1939.
Internatl. Comn. Zool. Nomencl., Opinions and Declarations 2: 9-12 (Opinion 135). — Beime,
1941. Soc. Brit. Ent., Trans. 7: 124-190 -Cushman, 1942. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 92:
277-289. —Hemming, 1943. Bui. Zool. Nomencl. 1: 70-86. — Townes, 1944; 1945. Amer. Ent.
Soc, Mem. 11 (1): 1-477; 11 (2): 478-925. —Hemming, 1945. Internatl. Comn. Zool.
Nomencl., Opinions and Declarations 2: 253-260, 277-289 (Opinions 157 and 159). —Townes
and Townes, 1951. In Muesebeck, et al., U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2: 184-409.
—Townes, 1957. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 59: 248-254 (bibliog. of Cushman's papers).
— Walkley, 1958. In Krombein, U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2, sup. 1, p. 36-62. —Townes,
1959. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 61: 76-78. —Hopper, 1959. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 61: 155-172
(pronunciation and derivation of genric names of Nearctic Ichneumonidae). —Short, 1959.
U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 110: 391-511 (final-instar larvae). —Townes, 1961. Ent. Soc. Wash.,
Proc. 63: 103-113 (types of Nearctic ichneumonids in European museums). — Townes,
Townes, and Gupta, 1961. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 1: iv and 522 p. (Indo-Austalian catalog).
— Sachtleben, 1962a. Beitr. z. Ent. 12: 1-242 (bibliog. Palearctic Ichneumonidae). —Perkins,
1962. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent., Bui. 11: 385-483. —Sachtleben, 1962b. Beitr. z. Ent. 12:
720-731 (biographies, necrologies, and additions to Sachtleben, 1962a). —Sachtleben, 1962c.
Beitr. z. Ent. 12: 915-939 (indices to Sachtleben, 1962a). —Townes, Momoi, and Townes,
1965. Amer. Ent. Inst, Mem. 5: v and 661 p. (Eastern Palearctic catalog). —Townes and
Townes, 1966. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 8: iii and 367 p. (Nootropic catalog). —Walkley, 1967.
In Krombein and Burks, et al., U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2, sup. 2, p. 60-213.
—Townes, 1969-1971. Amer. Ent. Inst, Mem. 11: ii and 300 p. (1969); 12: iv and 537 p.
(1970 [1969]); 13: ii and 307 p. (1970 [1969]); 17: iii and 372 p. (1971) (genera of world,
except Ichneumoninae). —Short, 1970. Roy. Ent. Soc. London, Trans. 122: 185-210 (sup. to
Short, 1959). — Persson, 1971. Ent. Tidskr. 92: 164-172 (discussion of voyage of Eug. Resa;
see Holmgren, 1869a). —Townes and Townes, 1973. Amer. Ent. Inst, Mem. 19: iv and 416




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p. (Ethiopian catalog). —Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 387-591 (types of Provancher).
— Fitton and Gauld, 1976. Systematic Ent. 1: 247-258 (supergeneric names, except those of
Ichneumoninae).

Biology: Cushman, 1926. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 28: 5-6, 29-51. -Clausen, 1940.
Entomophagous Insects, p. 61-98. — Townes and Townes, 1951. In Muesebeck, et a/., U. S.
Dept. Agr., Agr. Monog. 2: 184-185. —Townes, 1958. Jour. Econ. Ent. 51: 650-652.
—Townes, 1962. Verh. XI Internatl. Kong. f. Ent. Wien 1960, v. 2, p. 738-741.
— Sachtleben, 1962c. Beitr. z. Ent. 12: 924-939 (various biological indices to Sachtleben
1962a [see taxonomy refs.]). —Clancy and Pierce, 1966. Jour. Econ. Ent. 59: 855, 857.

Morphology: Peck, 1937. Canad. Jour. Res., Sect. D: Zool. Sci. 15: 221-274 —Sachtleben,
1962c. Beitr. z. Ent. 12: 923-924 (morphology indices to Sachtleben, 1962a [see taxonomy
refs.]).

Exeristes comstockii (Cresson)
Southern Que., s. to Fla., w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Barbara

colfaxiana siskiyouana (Kft.), B. colfaxiana taxifoliella (Bsk.), Eucosyna monitorana
Heinr., Laspeyresia caryana (Fitch), L. cupressana (Kft.)?, L. torenta (Grt.), L.
youngana (Kft.), Petrova albicapitana (Bsk.), P. comstockiana (Fern.), Rhyacionia
buoliana (D. and S.), R.frnstrana (Com.), R. rigidana (Fern.), Dioryctria amatella
(Hulst), D. auranticella (Grt.), D. clariolaris (Wlk.), D. disclusa Heinr., D. zimmermanni
(Grt.), Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.).
Ephialtes Comstockii Cresson, 1880. In Comstock, U. S. Dept. Agr., Ann. Rpt. for 1879, p.
235. ♀.

Biology: Cushman, 1927. Jour. Agr. Res. 34: 616. —Miller, 1953. Ohio Jour. Sci. 53 (1): 60.

—Arthur, 1963. Canad. Ent. 95: 1079-1085.

Exeristes roborator (Fabricius)
Eurasia. Introduced but never established in Ontario (1957-1958) and
various points in the U. S. (1924-1932). Host: Ostrinia nnbilalis Hbn., Rhyacionia
buoliana (D. and S.). The hosts listed were the target species for introductions into
North America, but other hosts have been recorded in Europe.

Ichneumon roborator Fabricius, 1793. Ent. System., v. 2, p. 17(). 9.

Pimpla longicauda Brulle, 1833, (1832). Exped. Sci. de Moree, v. 2, p. 379. ♀.

Xorides aegypticus Walker, 1871. List Hym. Coll. ... Red Sea and Arabia, p. 3. ♀.

Pimpla jlavipenyiis Rudow, 1883. Ent. Nachr. 9: 234. ♀.

Pimpla nodosa Rudow, 1883. Ent. Nachr. 9: 235. ♀.




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Pimpla robusta Rudow, 1883. Ent. Nachr. 9: 238. ♀.

Pimpla Schmiedeknechti Kriechbaumer, 1888. Ent. Nachr. 14: 339. ♀.

Pimpla brachycera Thomson, 1895. Opusc. Ent. 19: 2126. ♀.

Pimpla punctata Thomson, 1895. Opusc. Ent. 19: 2126. 9

Pimpla blattifera Tosquinet, 1896. Soc. Ent. Belg., Mem. 5: 310. ♀.

Pimpla schmiedeknechtii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 449. Emend.

Pimpla roboratrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.

Pimpla pyraustae Okamoto, 1921. Hokkaido Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 12: 15. ♂.

Biology: Fox, 1927. Natl. Res. Council, Rpt. 21, Ottawa, 58 pp. — Timon-David, 1931. Soc. de
Biol. [Paris], Compt. Rend. 106: 829-831. —Baker and Jones, 1934. U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech.
Bui. 460: 1-26.

Exeristes ruficollis (Gravenhorst)
Europe. Introduced in Conn, and N. Y. in 1935-1936 and 7 times in
Ontario between 1933 and 1957 without becoming established. Host: Rhyacionia
biioliana (D. and S. ). Other hosts are known in Europe, but R. buoliana was the target
species for introductions in N. Amer.
Pimpla ruficollis Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 153. ♀.
Pivipla variegata Ratzeburg, 1844. Ichn. d. Forstins., v. 1, p. 118. ♀.

Biology: Thorpe, 1930. Bui. Ent. Res. 21: 395. —Thorpe and Caudle, 1939. Parasitology 30:
523-528. — Juillet, 1959. Canad. Ent. 91: 709-719.

Scambus detritus (Holmgren)
N. B. to s. B. C, s. to Ohio and Calif.; Europe. Host: Cephus cinctns
Nort., C. pygmaens (L.), Trachelus tabidus (F.).
Pimpla detrita Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4), 3(10): 23. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Salt, 1931. Bui. Ent. Res. 22: 519-526. —Holmes, 1953. Canad. Ent. 85: 339.

Scambus lithocolletidis (Ashmead)
Calif. Host: Lithocolletis sp. This is a new subgeneric placement.
The host was reared from Grindelia robusta Nutt.
Pimpla lithocolletidis Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 447. ♂.

Scambus productus Walley
N. S., s. to R. I., w. to Alaska and Calif.

Scambus (Endromopoda) productus Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl.
Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 23.

Scambus rubescens Walley
Western N. Y., w. to Sask., s. to Kans. and Wyo.

Scambus (Endromopoda) rubescens Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus.
Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 19. tJ, 9.

Scambus arizonensis Walley
Colo., Ariz.; Mexico.

Scambus (Lissoscambus) arizonensis Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl.
Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 25. ♂, ♀.

Scambus deceptor Walley
Que., s. to N. Y., w. to B. C. and Colo.

Scambus (Ateleophadnus) deceptor Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus.
Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 35. ♂, ♀.




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Scambus granulosus Walley
N. S., s. to S. C, w. to N. W. T. and Calif. Host: Mompha eloisella (Clem.).

Scam bus (Atelophadnus) granulosus Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl.
Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 31. ♂, ♀.

Scambus pterophori (Ashmead)
Northern N. S., s. to S. C, w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: Periploca
ceanotliiella (Cosens), Gnorinioschema gallaeasterieUa (Kell.), G. gallaesolidaginus
(Riley), Mompha eloisella (Clem.), Achatodes zeae (Harris), Ancylis comptana (Froel),
Epiblema otiosanum (Clem.), E. scudderianum (Clem.), E. strenuanum (Wlk.),
Grapholitha molesta (Bsk.), Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), Proteoteras aesculana Riley,
Platyptilia carduidactyla (Riley), P. williamsi (Grin.), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.),
Mononychus vulpeculus (F.), Aynetastegia glabrata (Fallen).

Piinpla pterophori Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 445. ♀.

Colpomeria litoralis Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 367. ♂.

Atelophadnus bicarinata Cameron, 1905. Invertebrata Pacifica 1: 128. ♀.

Biology: Vinal and Caffrey, 1919. Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 189: 58. — Leiby, 1922. N. Y.
Ent. Soc, Jour. 30: 93. — Cushman, 1926. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 28: 33. —Wilder, 1927.
Psyche 34: 227-229. — Balduf, 1929. Ohio Jour. Sci. 29: 224-226.

Scambus annulatus (Kiss)
N. S., Que., N. H., N. W. T., Alaska and B. C; Europe. Host: Spilonota
ocellana (D. and S.). This species had been misidentified as Scambiis nucum.
(Ratzeburg), a synonym of planatus Hartig, which is not known from North America.
Psezidopoemenia annulata Kiss, 1924. Siebenbuerg. Ver. Naturw., Verh. u. Mitt. 72-74: 92.

S.
Pimpla lativentris Ulbricht, 1926. Konowia 5: 51. ♂, ♀. Preocc. by Rudow, 1881.
Pimpla trilobata Keler, 1937. Prace Wydz. Chorob. Roslin Panst. Inst. Nauk. Gosp. Wiejsk.
w Bydgoszczy 16: 11. ♂, ♀.

Taxonomy: Oehlke, 1966. Beitr. z. Ent. 16: 189.

Scambus aplopappi (Ashmead)
Nebr., Colo., N. Mex., Idaho, Ariz., Wash., Calif. Host: Coleotechnites
milleri (Bsk.), Etiella zinckenella (Treit.), Rhyacionia frustrana bushnelli (Bsk.), R.
neomexicana (Dyar), Stomopteryx nigrella (Cham.).
Pimpla aplopappi Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 446. ♂.
Scambus evetrivorus Rohwer, 1915. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 49: 225. ♀.

Scambus atrocoxalis (Ashmead)
Newfoundland (Labrador), N. W. T., Alta., Yukon, Alaska; Sweden.

Epiurus atrocoxalis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 49: 225. ♂, ♀.

Scambus brevicornis (Gravenhorst)
Newfoundland (Labrador) s. to N. J., w. to Alaska and Calif.;
Greenland; Europe. Host: Anthophila pariana (Clerck), C horistoneura rosaceana
(Harris), Laspeyresia nigricana (Steph.), Laspeyresia sp., Parlobesia viteana (Clem.),
Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.).
Pimpla brevicornis Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 211. 6,1.
Pimpla nigriscaposa Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 755. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla punctiventris Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 756. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla {Epiurus) balearica Kriechbaumer, 1894. Ann. Hist. Nat. Madrid 23: 248. ♀.
Epiurus bicoloripes Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 201. ♀.




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Phthorimus anomalus Morley, 1905. Ent. Soc. London, Trans. 53: 420. ♀.
Pimpla euphrantae Schmiedeknecht, 1914. Ztschr. f. Angew. Ent. 1: 452. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla ameformis Keler, 1937. Prace Wydz. Chorob. Roslin Panst. Inst. Nauk. Gosp.
Wiejsk. w Bydgoszczy 16: 10. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Stuart, 1957. Bui. Ent. Res. 48: 477-488.

Scambus buolianae (Hartig)
Europe. Introduced in Ontario in 1956 and 1958, but apparently without
becoming established. Host: Rhyacionia huoliana (D. and S.).
Pimpla Buolianae Hartig, 1838. Jahresber. Fortschr. Forstwiss. Forstl. Naturk. 1: 267. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla flavotrochanterata Pfeffer, 1913. Ver. f. Vaterland. Naturk. in Wuerttemb.,
Jahresh. 69: 814. ♀.

Biology: Leius, 1960. Canad. Ent. 92: 371. — Leius, 1961. Canad. Ent. 93: 1079. — Leius, 1962.
Canad. Ent. 94: 1078. —Leius, 1963. Canad. Ent. 95: 202.

Scambus canadensis Walley
Northern Que., s. to N. S. and Maine, w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: Glypta
fumiferanae (Vier.), C horistonetira conflictana (Wlk.).
Scambus (Scambus) canadensis Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus.
Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 38. ♂, ♀.

Scambus decorus Walley
N. S. and Que., s. to Mich., w. to Alaska and Wash. Host: Amorbia humerosa
(Clem.), C horistoneura fnmiferana (Clem.), Coleophora pmniella Clem., C . fuscedinella
Zell., Microsetia stipella (Hbn.), Graciliaria sp., Paraclemensia acerifoliella (Clem.),
Phalonia rutilana (Hbn.), Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.).
Scambus (Scambus) decorus Walley, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.
216 (pt. 2): 38. ♂, ♀.

Scambus dioryctriae Walley
Sask., Alta. Host: Dioryctria reniciilella (Grt.).

Scambiis (Scambus) dioryctriae Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus.
Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 61. cj, 9.

Scambus foliae (Cushman)
Austria. Introduced in Maine, apparently without becoming established

because of small number of individuals released (50 mated females). Host: Heterarthrus
nemoratus (Fallen).
Epiunis foliae Cushman, 1938. Wash. Acad. Sci., Jour. 28: 27. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Dowden, 1941. U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech. Bui. 757: 8, 9, 11, 16-20.

Scambus hispae (Harris)
N. S. s. to Ala., w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: Acrobasis betulella Hulst, A.
comptoniella Hulst, A. rubrifasciella Pack., Anacampis innocuella (Zell.), Dryocampa
rubicunda rubicunda (¥.), Anthophila pariana (Clerck), Archips rosanus (L.),
C horistoneura fumiferana (Clem.), C. pinus Free., Coleophora pruniella Clem.,
Episimus argutanus (Clem.), Exartema connectum McD., Media variegana (Hbn.),
Acleris minuta (Rob.), Grapholitha molesta (Bsk.), Tigrioides bicolor (Grt.), Malacosoma
disstria Hbn., Psilocorsis sp., Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.), Tischeria sp.,
Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis (Haw.), Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.), Heterarthrus
nemoratus (Fallen), Metallus rohweri MacG., Anoplitus inaequalis (Weber), A. rosea
(Weber), Arthrochlamys bebbianae Brown, Xenochalepus dorsalis (Thun.), Hyposoter
fugitivus (Say).

Ichneiimon Hispae Harris, 1833. In Hitchcock, Rpt. Geol. Mineral. Bot. Zool. Mass., p. 587.
Nomen nudum.

Ichneumon hispae Harris, 1835. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Jour. 1: 149-150. ♀.

Pimpla indagatrix Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 146. ♂.

Pimpla minuta Weed, 1887. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bui. 3: 41. ♂.

Pimpla gossypii Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 445. ♀.

Scambus (Scambus) teciimseh Viereck, 1917. Conn. State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey Bui.
22: 320. 9. N. syn. In Walley's revision of Scambtis this name is incorrectly applied to a
species for which no name is apparently available.

Scambus (Eremochila) indagator (!) Viereck, 1917. Conn. State Geol. and Nat. Hist.
Survey Bui. 22: 322.

Biology: Porter and Garman, 1923. Conn. (State) Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 246: 260. — Balduf,
1926. Canad. Ent. 58: 140. —Cushman, 1927. Jour. Agr. Res. 34: 616. — McConnell, 1928.




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Md. Agr. Exp. Sta., Bui. 298: 180. — Schaffner and Griswold, 1934. U. S. Dept. Agr., Misc.
Pub. 188: 143. — Balduf, 1937. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 39: 178. —Arthur, 1963. Canad. Ent.
95 (10): 1085-1086.

Scambus imparls Walley
Colo., Alta., Utah, B. C, Wash., Calif. Host: Zelleria haimbachi Bsk.

Scambus (Scambus) imparis Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.
216 (pt. 2): 51. (J, 9.

Scambus longicorpus
***authority mismatch
longicorpus Walley. Que., N. H., Ont., Sask., Alta., Alaska. Host: Dioryctria
reniculella (Grt.), Laspeyresia youngana (Kft.).
Scambus {Scambus) longicorpus longicorpus Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S.
Nat. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 44. cJ, 9.

Scambus longicorpus
***authority mismatch
occidentalis Walley, Mont., Colo., B. C, Wash., Calif.

Scambus (Scambus) longicorpus occidentalis Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S.
Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 46. tj, 9.

Scambus nigrifrons (Viereck)
P. E. I., N. S., N. B., Mass., Mich. Host: Orgyia sp, 0. leucostignia (J. E.
S.).
Pimpla (Epiurus) nigrifrons Viereck, 1909. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 11: 211. ♂, ♀.

Scambus protentus Walley
Colo., B. C, Wash. Ecology: The holotype emerged from cones of Picea

sitchensis. Host: Laspeyresia sp.
Scambus (Scambus) protentus Walley, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.

216 (pt. 2): 40. tJ, 9.
Scambiis (Scambus) portentus (!) Walkley, 1967. hi Krombein and Burks, U. S. Dept. Agr.,

Agr. Monog. 2, Sup. 2, p. 63.

Scambus sagax Hartig
Europe. Introduced in Ontario in 1956 and 1958, apparently without becoming

established. Host: Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.), Petrova resinella (L.). The target

species for the introductions in Ontario was R. buoliana.
Scambus sagax Hartig, 1838. Jahresber. Fortschr. Forstwiss. Forstl. Naturk. 1: 267. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla linearis Ratzeburg, 1844. Ichn. d. Forstins. v. 1, p. 117. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla atrocoxata Pfeffer, 1913. Ver. f. Vaterland. Naturk. in Wuerttemb., Jahresh. 69:

343. ♀.

Biology: Harris, 1960. Canad. Jour. Zool. 38: 764. — Adlung and Sailer, 1963. Allg. Forst-u.
Jagd-Ztg. 134 (9): 232-233.

Scambus subtilis Walley
Oreg., Nev., Calif.

Scambus (Scambus) subtilis Walley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.
216 (pt. 2): 47. ♀.

Scambus transgressus (Holmgren)
Idaho, s. B. C, Wash., Oreg., Calif. Host: Grapholitha packardi

(Zell.), Acleris variana (Fern.), Archips rosanus (L.), C horistoneura occidentalis Free.,
Anthophila pariana (Clem.), Coleopkora laHcella (Hbn.).
Pimpla transgressus Holmgren, 1869 (1868). Eug. Resa, pt. 2 (Zool.), sect. 1 (Ins.), p. 405. ♀.
Epiurus innominatus Viereck, 1912. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 42: 149. ♀.

Scambus hirticauda (Provancher)
Ariz., B. C, Wash., Calif. Host: Lithocolletis felinelle Hein.,
Setiostoma femaldella Riley, Gracillaria sp.
Pimpla hirticauda Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 116. ♀.
Provancher erroneously gave the type locality as Ontario, but Walley (I960) established
that Victoria, B. C. is the actual type locality.

Calliephialtes ferrugineus Cushman
Southern Fla.; Puerto Rico, Cuba. Host: Hypsipyla grandella (ZelL),
Peetinophora gossypiella (Sdrs.). The specimens upon which these host records are
based are from Puerto Rico.
Calliephialtes femigineus Cushman, 1940. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 88: 362. ♀.

Calliephialtes grapholithae (Cresson)
Mass., s. to Fla., w. to Mich, and Texas. Host: Acrobasis hebescella
Hulst, A.juglandis (LeB.), A. nibrifasciella Pack., Carmenia texana (Hy. Ed.)?,
Laspeyresia caryana (Fitch), Meskea dyspteraria Grt., Stagmatophora ceanothiella Cos.,
Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis (Haw.), Megalopyge opercularis (J. E. S.).

Pimpla grapholithae Cresson, 1890. In Hamilton, Ent. News 1: 50. ♂, ♀.

Pimpla xanthothorax Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 446. ♀.

Biology: Hamilton, 1890. Ent. News 1: 49 —Nickels, Pierce, and Pinkney, 1950. U. S. Dept.
Agr., Tech. Bui. 1011: 12-14.

Morphology: Peck, 1937. Canad. Jour. Res., Sect. D (Zool. Sci.) 15: 248, 249, 252.

Calliephialtes notandus (Cresson)
Southern Que., s. to Fla., w. to s. B. C. and Calif. Host: Epiblema

desertayium (Zell.), E. scudderianum (Clem.), E. stremianum (Wlk.), "Gelechia" sp.,
Gnorimoschema baccharisella Bsk., G. gallaeasteriella (Kell.), G. gallaesolidaginis
(Riley), Walshia "amorphella" Clem.
Pimpla 7iota7ida Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 148. (5,9.

Biology: Riley, 1877. Mo. State Ent., Ann. Rept. 9: 98. — Leiby, 1922. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour.
30: 93.

Calliephialtes thurberiae Cushman
Southeastern N. Mex., Ariz.; Mexico, Costa Rica. Host: Anthonomus
grandis thurberiae Pierce, Disholcaspis sp., Acrobasis nuxvorella Neun., Antron
pliimbeuvi (Weld).
Calliephialtes thurberiae Cushman, 1915. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 17: 132. ♂, ♀.

Pimpla brevis (Morley)
Que., Ont., Man., Sask., Alta.; Europe. Host: Megachile sp., M. inerviis Prov.,
M. nivalis Friese.
Ephialtes brevis Morley, 1914. Rev. Ichn. Brit. Mus., v. 3, p. 23. ♀.

Pimpla decumbens Townes
Iowa, Colo., B. C, Calif.

Pimpla decumbens Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
102. ♂, ♀.

Pimpla macra (Cresson)
N. Y., Colo., Oreg., Calif. Host: Passaloecus sp. The host record given by

Townes and Townes as 'W. brevicomis" is a mistake for Dendroctonus brevicomis LeC,
the pupal cells of which harbored the true host, Passaloecus sp.
Ephialtes macer Cresson, 1868. Canad. Ent. 1: 35. ♀.

Pimpla spatulata Townes
Que. s. to N. C, w. to B. C. and Calif.; Europe. Host: Euodynenis sp.,
Ancistrocerus lineative7itris Cameron.
Pimpla spatulata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
106. ♂, ♀.

Neoephialtes Constantineanu and Pisica, 1970. An. Stiintifice Universitatii "Al. I. Cuza"
din lasi, sect. II (Stiinte Nat.) a. Biol. Mong. 2: 18.

Type-species: Neophialtes foveolatus Constantineanu and Pisica. Monotypic and
orig. desig.

Liotryphon arcticus (Roman)
N. W. T., Alaska; Siberia.

Ephialtes arcticus Roman, 1926 (1914). Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem., ser. 8 (el.
Phys. Math.) 29 (7): 6. ♀.

Liotryphon caudatus (Ratzeburg)
Europe. Introduced in California in 1904 and 1905 and in the eastern U.
S. A. in 1935 and 1936, apparently without becoming permanently established. Host:
Laspeyresia pomonella (L.).
Pimpla caudata Ratzeburg, 1848. Ichn. d. Forstins., v. 2, p. 92. ♀.
Ephialtes brevivalvis Hensch, 1929; 1930. Konowia 8: 159; 9: 75, 249. ♂, ♀.
Neoephialtes foveolatus Constantineanu and Pisica, 1970. Stiintifice Universitatii "Al. I.
Cuza" din lasi, sect. II (Stiinte Nat.) a. Biol. Monog. 2: 19. ♀.

Taxonomy: Perkins, 1939. Bui. Ent. Res. 30: 307-308.

Biology: Whitaker, 1907. Calif. State Comm. Hort., Bien. Rpt. 2: 231-235.

Liotryphon coracinus (Townes)
N. Y., N. J., Md., N. C, Tex.

Apistephialtes coracinus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 99. ♂, ♀.

Liotryphon dentatus (Townes)
Colo., Alta., B. C, Oreg., Calif. Host: Enoclenis sphegics (F.), Thanasimus
nigriventris (LeC).
Apistephialtes dentatus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2):97. (J, 9.

Liotryphon laspeyresiae (Uchida)
Japan. Introduced in N. J. from 1934-1936, apparently without becoming
established. Host: Grapholitha 7nolesta (Bsk.).
Ephialtes laspeyresiae Uchida, 1932. Insecta Matsumurana 6: 160. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Allen, Holloway, and Haeussler, 1940. U. S. Dept. Agr. Cir. 561: 48.

Liotryphon masoni (Townes)
Ont., Man., N. W. T., Alta., Alaska, Yukon.

Apistephialtes masoni Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.

2): 93. ♀.

Liotryphon nucicola (Cushman)
Colo., N. Mex., Ariz., B. C. s. to Calif. Ecology: May parasitize

lepidopterous inquilines in the galls of the Hymenoptera listed as hosts. Host: Ajidricus

sp., Atrusca sp., Disholcaspis eldoradensis (Beut.), Pontania sp., Gnorimoschema

baccharisella Bsk., Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), Periploca cea7iothiella (Cosens),

Proteoteras arizonae Kft., Walshia amorphella Clem., Melissopus latiferreanus (Wlsm.).
Calliephialtes nucicola Cushman, 1931. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 79 (14): 5. ♂, ♀.

Liotryphon petulcus (Cresson)
Tex.; Mexico.

Pimpla petulca Cresson, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 165. ♀.

Liotryphon punctulatus (Ratzeburg)
Europe. Introduced in Idaho (year unknown), without attempts at

recovery; lacking evidence to the contrary, it is here presumed to be unestablished.

Host: Laspeyresia pomonella (L.). Other hosts are known, but that listed was the target

species for the introduction in Idaho.
Pimpla punctulata Ratzeburg, 1848. Ichn. d. Forstins., v. 2, p. 90. ♀.
Ephialtes extensor Taschenberg, 1863. Ztschr. Gesam. Naturw. Halle 21: 255. 6, 9. This is

the name which was applied to the material imported to Idaho.
Ephialtes discolor Brischke, 1880. Naturf. Gesell. Danzig, Schr. (n. s.) 4 (4): 110. ♂, ♀.
Liogaster longuius Kriechbaumer, 1890. Ent. Nachr. 16: 297. ♀.
Ephialtes macrurus Habermehl, 1916. Ztschr. f. Wiss. Insektenbiol. 12: 163. ♀. Preocc. by

Thomson, 1895.
Ephialtes tener Hensch, 1929; 1930. Konowia 8: 140; 9: 75, 245. ♂, ♀.
Ephialtes venialis Hensch, 1929; 1930. Konowia 8: 152; 9: 76. ♂.
Ephialtes gracileyit^is Hensch, 1930. Konowia 9: 75. Nomen nudum.

Taxonomy: Perkins, 1939. Bui. Ent. Res. 30: 307-308.

Biology: Lyngnes, 1960. Norsk Ent. Tidsskr. 11: 122-134.




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Liotryphon variatipes (Provancher)
Que., N. H. s. to Md., W. Va., w. to Minn. Host: Canarsia

ulmiarrosorella (Clem.), Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), Grapholitlia molesta (Bsk.).
Ephialtes variatipes Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 114. ♂.
Pimpla stultor Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 367. ♂.
Calliephialtes benefactor Cushman, 1931. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 79 (14): 6. ♂, ♀.

Townesia tenuiventris (Holmgren)
Que. s. to Md., w. to B. C. and Calif.; Eurasia. Ecology: Known to
parasitize aculeate Hymenoptera which nest in wood as well as sawflies which occupy
abandoned pupal cells of Coleoptera in the bark of trees, particularly Pinus. Host:
Trypoxylon figuhis (L.), Chelostoma maxillosum (L.), Xiphydria sp., Strongylogaster
sp., S. lineata (Christ). Except for Xiphydria sp., the preceding host records are
European. The record for Xiphydria sp. needs confirming, and the host record given in
the revision of Townes and Townes (1960) as Melanophila consputa LeC. appears to be
incorrect according to card file data pertaining to the specimen in question.

Ephialtes tenuiventris Holmgren, 1859. Svenska Vetensk. Akad., Ofvers. af ... Forhandl.
16: 123. Nomen nudum.

Ephialtes tenuiventris Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.- Akad., Handl. (ser. 4) 3 (10): 14.
d, 9.

Ephialtes geniculatus Brischke, 1864. Phys. Oekonom. Gesell. Koenigsberg, Schr. 5: 179. ♂.
Uncertain syn.

Ephialtes pnsio Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 111. ♀.

Ephialtes antefurcalis Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 741. ♀.

Ephialtes pacificus Harrington, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 24c. S, 9.

Ephialtes incertus Hensch, 1929; 1930. Konowia 8: 149; 9: 76. ♂.

Ephialtes gracilis Hensch, 1930. Konowia 9: 76. Nomen nudum.

Biology: Welke, 1966. Beitr. z. Ent. 9: 261-263.

Anastelgis terminalis Townes
Wash., Calif.

Anastelgis terminalis Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 110. ♂, ♀.

Dolichomitus aciculatus (Hellen)
Que., Yukon, B. C; Europe. Host: Tetropium gabrieli Weise. This is a
European host record.
Ephialtes acicidaUis Hellen, 1915. Soc. pro Fauna et Flora Fenn., Acta 40: 25. ♀.

Ephialtes nodosus Gyorfi, 1941. Erdeszetl Kiserletek 43: 237, 247. "♂"=♀.

Morphology: Noskiewicz and Chudoba, 1951. Polski Pismo Ent. 21: 43-46, 57-58.

Dolichomitus buccatus Townes
Colo., B. C, Oreg.

Dolichomitus buccatus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 141. ♀.

Dolichomitus californicus Townes
Colo., N. Mex., Ariz., Idaho, Utah, B. C. s. to Calif. Host: Oeme costata
LeC, Seynanotus ligneus (F.).
Dolichomitus californicus Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 146. ♂, ♀.

Dolichomitus cephalotes (Holmgren)
Que., Sask., Alta.; Europe.

Ephialtes cephalotes Holmgren, 1859. Svenska Vetensk-Akad., Ofvers. af ... Forhandl. 16:

123. Nomen nudum.
Ephialtes cephalotes Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4) 3 (10): 13. ♀.
Ephialtes longicauda Mocsary, 1897. Termes. Fuzetek 20: 644. 2. Preocc. in

Dolichomitus by Smith, 1877.
Ichneumon (Exeristoidea) watsoni Viereck, 1924. Canad. Ent. 56: 202. ♀.

Dolichomitus cuspidatus Townes
Calif. Host: Monochanuis maculosus Hald.

Dolichomitus cuspidatus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 120. cJ, 9.

Dolichomitus dolichosoma (Viereck)
Pa., Md., N. C, S. C, Ga., Ala., Kans., Colo. Ecology: Parasitizes
woodborers of angiosperms.
Ephialtes dolichosoma Viereck, 1912. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 42: 637. ♀.

flexilis Townes. Man., N. W. T., Yukon.

Dolichomitus jlexilis Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 142. ♀.

Dolichomitus foxleei Townes
N. S. w. to B. C, s. to Colo, and Calif. Host: Acanthocinus sp.

Dolichomitus foxleei Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 145. ♀.

Dolichomitus imperator (Kriechbaumer)
N. S. s. to Tenn., w. to Alaska and Calif; Eurasia. Host: Asemum
nitidum LeC, Xylotrechus sp., Monochamus sp.
Ephialtes imperator Kriechbaumer, 1854. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 15: 156. ♀.
Ephialtes occidentalis Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. PhUa., Proc. 4: 269. ♀.

Dolichomitus irritator (Fabricius)
Maine s. to Ga., w. to Minn, and Tex. Host: Anoplodera proxima (Say),
Astyleiopus variegatus (Hald.), E laphidionoides incertus (New.), E. villosus (F.),
Graphisurus sp., G. fasciatus (DeG.), Megacyllene caryae (Gah.), M. robiniae (Forst.),
Obriiim rufulum Gah., Pachyta lamed (L.), Saperda discoidea F., Stenocoms lineatus
(Oliv.), Xylotrechus annosus (Say), Melandrya striata Say, Synchroa punctata New.,
Cryptorhynchus lapathi (L.), Chrysobothris sp., Synanthedon tipulifomiis (Clerck).
Ichneumon irritator Fabricius, 1775. Systema Ent., p.336. ♀.

Biology: Chittenden, 1893. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 5: 257. — MacAndrews, 1933. Ent.
Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 63: 50.

Morphology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 735, 737.
messor perlongus (Cresson). N. B. s. to Va., w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Buprestis confluenta
Say, Saperda calcarata Say, Saperda inomata Say., Xylocrius agassizi (LeC). D.
messor messor Gravenhorst is European.
Ephialtes perlongus Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 143. ♂.
Ephialtes gigas Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 110. ♀.

Dolichomitus messor sparsus Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.
216 (pt. 2): 132, 133. ♂, ♀. N. syn.




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Dolichomitus populneus (Ratzeburg)
Ont., Sask., Colo., Wash.; Europe. Host: Saperda populnea (L.). This
host is recorded from Europe, but one North American specimen has been reared from
an unknown borer in Populus sp.

Ephialtes populneus Ratzeburg, 1848. Ichn. d. Forstins., v. 2, p. 100. ♂, ♀.

Ephialtes abbreviatus Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 740. ♂, ♀.

Taxonomy: Hinz, 1961. Deut. Ent. Ztschr. (N. F.) 8: 254-255.

Dolichomitus pterelas (Say)
N. B. s. to S. C, w. to B. C. and Oreg.; Europe.

Ichneumon (Pimpla) pterelas Say, 1829. Contrib. Maclurian Lyceum to Arts and Sci. 1: 71. ♀.
Ephialtes discrepans Hensch, 1929; 1930. Konowia 8: 145; 9: 74. ♂.

Taxonomy: Cushman and Gahan, 1921. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 23: 166.

Dolichomitus pygmaeus (Walsh)
N. H. s. to N. C, w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Plectrura spinicauda Mann.

Ephialtes pygmaeus Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 111. ♀.

Dolichomitus sericeus (Hartig)
N. B., Que., Ont., Alaska, Yukon, B. C; Europe. Host: Tetropium
cinnamopterum Kby.
C losterocerus sericeus Hartig, 1847. Naturw. Ver. Harz, Ber. 1846-1847, p. 18. ♂.

Dolichomitus taeniatus Townes
Ariz., Calif. Host: Chrysobothris edwardsii Horn.

Dolichomitus taeniatus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 118. (J, 9.
terebrans nubilipennis (Viereck). N. S. s. to N. C, w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Pissodes dubius
Rand., P. engelmanni Hopk., P.fasciatus LeC, P.fraseri Hopk., P. rotundatus LeC. D.
terebrans terebrans (Ratzeburg) occurs in Europe.
Exeristes nubilipennis Viereck, 1912. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 42: 638. ♀.
Exeristes hyalinipennis Viereck, 1912. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 42: 638. ♀.

Biology: Taylor, 1929. Ent. Amer. 10: 26-30, 68.

Dolichomitus tuberculatus
***authority mismatch
tuberculatus (Geoffroy). N. B. s. to N. Y., w. to Alaska and Oreg.; Europe,

northern Asia (excluding Japan). Host: Hylobius pinicola (Coup.), Monochamus sp., M.

scutellatus (Say). A second subspecies, D. t. jezoensis (Uchida), occurs in Japan.
Ichneumon tuberculatus Geoffroy, 1785. In Fourcroy, Ent. Parisiensis, v. 2, p. 385. ♀.
Ichneumon leucoptenis Gmelin, 1790. In Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, p. 2699. 6 ?

Uncertain syn.
Ichneumon hyalinus Gmelin, 1790. In Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, p. 2700. 9. Uncertain

syn.
Ichneumon crispus Christ, 1791. Naturgesch. Class. Nomencl. Ins., p. 364. 9. Uncertain

syn.
Ichneumon fluctuans Christ, 1791. Naturgesch. Class. Nomencl. Ins., p. 365. 9. Uncertain

syn.
Ephialtes parallelus Thomson, 1888. Opusc. Ent. 12: 1248. ♀.
Ephialtes dentiventris Hellen, 1915. Soc. Fauna et Flora Fenn., Acta 40: 29. 9. Uncertain

syn.
Ephialtes pfefferi Habermehl, 1918. Ztschr. f. Wiss. Insektenbiol. 13: 165. ♀.

Biology: Stroiny, 1951. Polskie Pismo Ent. 21: 140-144.

Dolichomitus vitticrus Townes
Que. s. to Pa., w. to Wis. and Kans.

Dolichomitus vitticrus Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 148. cJ, 9.

because Townes did not expressly propose Acropimpla as a replacement name
for Selenaspis.

Acropimpla alboricta (Cresson)
Newfoundland (Labrador) s. to S. C, w. to Alaska and Calif. Host:

Acrobasis betulella Hulst, Anacaynpsis sp., Archips argyrospilus (Wlk.), Argyrotaenia
pinatubana (Kft.), Ckoristoneura Jumiferana (Clem.), C. rosaceana (Harris), Episimus
argutanus (Clem.), Gracilaria rhoifoiiella Chamb., Pandeinis limitata (Rob.),
Pantographa limata G. and R., Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.), Zotheca tranquilla Grt.
Pimpla alboricta Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc. Trans. 3: 147. ♂.
Pimpla investigatrix Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 142. ♀.

Biology: Cushman, 1926. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 28: 33.

Acropimpla pronexus Townes
N. B. s. to N. Y., w. to B. C. and Wyo. Host: Glypta fumiferanae (Vier.).
Acropimpla pronexus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 161. ♀.

Gregopimpla inquisitor (Scopoli)
Europe. Introduced in Ont. in 1955 for control of the native Ckoristoneura

Jumiferana (Clem.). Only a small number of individuals (38) were released, which would

seem to have precluded establishment.
Ichneumon inquisitor Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Cam., p. 286. ♀.

Ichneumon scanicus Geoffroy, 1785. In Fourcroy, Ent. Parisiensis, v. 2, p. 416. ♀.
Ichneumon albipes Gmelin, 1790. hi Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, v. 1, p. 2701. ♂.
Ichneumon variegatus Gmelin, 1790. In Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, v. 1, p. 2701. ♂.

Preocc. by Schrank, 1785.
Ichneumon aurifrons Gmelin, 1790. In Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, v. 1, p. 2702. ♀.
Ichneiimon annulatus Gmelin, 1790. In Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, v. 1, p. 2702. ♀.
Ichneumon pennator Fabricius, 1793. Ent. System., v. 2, p. 171. ♀. Preocc. by Fabricius,

1793, p. 155.
Ichneiimon pinnator Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8:

274; 9: 348. N. name for /. pennator Fabricius, 1793, p. 155.
Pimpla flavipes Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 197. ♂.
Pimpla prini Hartig, 1838. Jahresber. Fortschr. Forstw. 1: 253. Pimpla pudibundae Ratzeburg, 1848. Ichn. d. Forstins., v. 2, p. 167. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla inquisitrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.

Iseropus californiensis Cushman
Colo., N. Mex., Calif. Host: Malacosoma califomicum califomicum
(Pack.), M. c. fragile Stretch, M. c. pluviale Dyar, Malacosoma sp.
Iseropus californiensis Cushman, 1940. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 42: 58. 6 , 9. In his key,
Cushman used the variant spelling "califomicus."




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Iseropus coelebs (Walsh)
N. B. s. to Fla., w. to Minn, and Tex. Host: Orgyia leucostigma (J. E. S.),

Orgyia sp., Malacosoma americanum (F.), M. disstria Hbn., "Olene" sp., Metallus

rohweri MacG.
Ichneumon inquisitor Say, 1829. Contrib. Maclurian Lyceum to Arts and Sci. 1: 71. ♀.

Preocc. by Scopoli, 1763.
Pimpla coelebs Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 141. ♂.
Pimpla inquisitoriella Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 435. N. name for /. inquisitor

Say.

Biology: Howard, 1897. U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent. BuL 7: 16. —Howard, 1897. U. S. Dept.
Agr., Div. Ent. Tech. Ser. 5: 8-17, 23, 31, 54. —Howard, 1898. Ent. Soc. Ont., Ann. Kept. 28:
88. — Fiske, 1903. N. H. Agr. Expt. Sta., Tech. Bui. 6: 198-200. — Cushman, 1926. Ent. Soc.
Wash., Proc. 28: 33. — Schaffner and Griswold, 1934. U. S. Dept. Agr., Misc. Pub. 188: 143.

Morphology: Peck, 1937. Canad. Jour. Res., Sect. D (Zool. Sci.) 15: 245-246. —Pratt, 1939.
Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 735.

stercorator orgyiae (Ashmead). N. S. s. to Md., w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: C horistoneura
rosaceana (Harr.), Ctenucha virginica (Charp.), Halisidota sp., Orgyia sp., 0.
leucostigma (J. E. S.), 0. vetusta (Bdv.), Malacosoma sp., M. disstria Hbn., Simyra
henrici (Grt.). Iseropus stercorator stercorator (Fabricius) occurs in Europe.

Pimpla orgyiae RUey, 1891. In Riley and Howard, U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 3: 462.
Nomen nudum.

Ictoplectis (!) orgyiae Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 213. ♀.

Pimpla (Epiurus) bninneifrons Viereck, 1909. Ent. News 20: 291. ♂, ♀.

Iseropus bninneifrons septentrionalis Cushman, 1940. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 42: 56. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Patch, 1921. Maine Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 302: 318. (as coelebs, misdet.).

Tromatobia notator (Fabricius)
N. C, Ga., Fla.; Cuba, Puerto Rico, Haiti, Guyana? Host: Argiope

argentata {¥.), Glyptocranium comigenim (Hentz). The species was reared from the

latter host in Fla., from the former in Puerto Rico.
Pimpla notator Fabricius, 1804. Systema Piezatorum, p. 115. ♀.
Clistopygai lateralis Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 34. ♂, ♀.
Ephialtes Cressoni Dewitz, 1881. Berlin. Ent. Ztschr. 25: 205. ♀.
Pimpla notatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.

Tromatobia ovivora (Boheman)
N. S. s. to S. C, w. to Alaska and Calif.; Mexico, Hawaii, Europe, n. Asia.

Host: Araneus diadema L., A. solitarius (Emrtn.)., Argiope avara Thor., A. argentata

(F.), Cyrtophora califomiensis Keys.
Pimpla ovivora Boheman, 1821. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 3) 9: 336. ♂, ♀.
Ichneumon vexatorius Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8:

281; 9: 368. [female].
Ichneumon armillatorius Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem.

8: 281; 9: 368. [male].
Pimpla angens Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 162. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla scriptifrons Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 148. ♀.
Pimpla vidua Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 140. ♀.
Pimpla parallela Thomson, 1877. Opusc Ent. 8: 752. ♀.
Pimpla albipes Brischke, 1891. Naturf. Gesell. Danzig, Schr. (n. s.) 7 (4): 63. 6. Synonymy

uncertain.
Pimpla defensator Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 267. ♀.
Pimpla defensatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.
Pimpla landerensis Viereck, 1906. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 32: 243. ♀.




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Apechtis rugulosa Morley, 1914. Rev. Ichn. Brit. Mus., v. 3, p. 34. ♀.

Biology: Nielsen, 1923. Ent. Meddel. 14: 194-195. -Shaw, 1930. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 38: 465.

Tromatobia rufopectus (Cresson)
Maine s. to Fla., w. to Iowa and Tex. Host: Argiope aurantia (Lucas), A.
trifasciata (Forsk.), Epeira sp. Townes (1960) treated rufopectus as a subspecies of
ovivora, but the geographical range of ovivora extends throughout most of that of
rufopectus. Morphological and biological differences discussed by Townes also indicate
that these two taxa should be treated as separate species.
Pimpla rufopectus Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 148. ♀.

Biology: Champlain, 1922. Psyche 29: 97.

Morphology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer, Ann. 32: 735.

Tromatobia variabilis (Holmgren)
N. S. s. to Fla., w. to Alaska and Calif.; Europe; n. Asia.

Pimpla abdominalis Brulle, 1846. hi Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 99. ♂.

Preocc. by Gravenhorst, 1829.
Pimpla variabilis Hohngren, 1856 (1854). Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 75: 88. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla rufovariata Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 149. ♀.
Polyspkincta cingulata Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 3: 141. ♀.
Pimpla epeirae Bignell, 1893. Ent. Monthly Mag. 29: 37. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla rufovariegata (!) Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 448. Lapsus for rufovariata

Cresson.
Pimpla Hibemica Morley, 1908. Ichn. Britannica, v. 3, p. 60. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla variabilis var. ruficoxa Kokujev, 1913. Russ. Ent. Obozr. (Rev. Russe d'Ent.) 13: 167. ♀.
Polyspkincta forsiusi Hellen, 1915. Soc pro Fauna et Flora Fenn., Acta 40: 45. ♂, ♀.
Tromatobia sapporensis Uchida, 1928. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., Faculty Agr., Jour. 25: 54. ♂, ♀.

Tromatobia zonata (Davis)
Mass. s. to Fla., w. to Ohio, 111., and Tex. Host: Epeira undata (Oliv.).
Clistopyga zonata Davis, 1895. Ent. News 6: 198. ♀.

Biology: Hubbell, 1932. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 35: 504.

Zaglyptus arizonicus Townes
Ariz.

Zaglyptus arizonicus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 192. ♀.

Zaglyptus pictilis Townes
Ga., Ala., Fla.; Cuba?

Zaglyptus pictilis Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
194. ♂, ♀.
varipes incompletus (Cresson). N. S. s. to Fla., w. to Alaska and Calif. Z. varipes varipes
(Gravenhorst) occurs in Europe.
Pimpla incompleta Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 147. ♀.
Pimpla animosa Cresson, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 165. ♀.
Polyspkincta Riibricapensis Provancher, 1873. Nat. Canad. 5: 470. ♀.
Cylloceria Lemoinei Provancher, 1873. Nat. Canad. 5: 471. ♂.
Polyspkincta pimploides Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 145. ♀.
Polyspkincta nifigaster Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 12: 447. ♀.
Polyspkincta spinosa Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 368. ♀.

Ichneumonoglypta Blanchard, 1941. See. Ent. Argentina, Rev. 11: 9.

Type-species: Ichneumonoglypta lopez-richinii Blanchard. Monotypic and orig.
desig.
Hymenomacropyga Uchida, 1941. Insecta Matsumurana 15 (3): 116.

Type-species: Hymenomacropyga latifrontalis Uchida. Monotypic and orig. desig.

The systematic position of Clistopyga within the Pimplinae has been unsettled. Meager
evidence seems to indicate that Clistopyga spp. are parasitic upon egg sacs of species of spiders
which place their egg sacs in crevices. Townes (1960) seems to have given special emphasis to
this fact in removing Clistopyga from the Polysphinctini and placing it, along with Tromatobia
and Zaglyptus, marginally within the Pimplini.

Biology: Nielsen, 1929. Ent. Meddel. 16: 366-368.

Clistopyga alutaria Townes
Ont., Del., N. C, Fla., Wis.

Clistopyga alutaria Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus., Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 200. cJ, 9.

Clistopyga atrata Cushman
Ariz., Oreg., Calif.

Clistopyga atrata Cushman, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 60 (4): U. 6, 9.

Clistopyga canadensis Provancher
N. S. s. to Pa., w. to Alta. and Colo.; Europe.

Polysphincta acuta Provancher, 1880. Nat. Canad. 12: 44. ♀.

Clistopyga Canadensis Provancher, 1880. Nat. Canad. 12: 46. ♀.

Clistopyga sauberi Brauns, 1898. Ver. Freunde Naturgesch. Mecklenburg, Arch. 51: 70. ♀.

Clistopyga maculifrons Cushman
Mass. s. to N. C, w. to Minn, and Tex.

Clistopyga maculifrons Cushman, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 60 (4): 12. ♀.

Clistopyga manni Cushman
N. Mex., B. C, Calif. Host: Agelenopsis sp.; salticid spider.

Clistopyga mamii Cushman, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 60 (4): 12. ♀.

Clistopyga nigrifrons Cushman
B. C, Calif. Host: Spider eggs. Notes in the U. S. Natl. Mus. indicate
that Cushman's type-specimens were definitely reared from the egg sac of a spider,
although the specimens are labled as "on spider nest."
Clistopyga nigrifrons Cushman, 1921. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 60 (4): 11. ♀.

Clistopyga recurva (Say)
N. J. s. to Fla., w. to Mo. and Tex.

Anomalon rectirvtis Say, 1836. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 243. ♂, ♀.
Clistopyga annulipes Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 150. ♀.
Clistopyga pulchripicta Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 448. ♀.

Alophosternum foliicola Cushman
Maine, Mass., Calif. Host: Xenochalepus dorsalis (Thun.), Cameraria
aceriella/ Clem., C. corylisella (Chamb.), Paraclemensia acerifoliella (Fitch).
Alophostemum foliicola Cushman, 1933. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 82: 8. ♂, ♀.

Dreisbachia navajo (Townes)
Ariz.; Honduras. Ecology: Found along streams at an elevation of 5000 ft. in
Arizona; a spider of the genus Pisaurina was common along these streams.
Laufeia navajo Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
223. ♂, ♀.

Dreisbachia slossonae (Davis)
N. B. s. to N. C, w. to Alaska and Calif.

Polysphincta slosso7iae Davis, 1895. hi Slosson, Ent. News 6: 317. Nomen nudum.
Polysplimcta slosso7iae Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 368. ♀.

Schizopyga frigida Cresson
Maine s. to N. C, w. to B. C. and Calif.; Europe.

Schizopyga frigida Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 159. ♀.
Schizopyga atra Kriechbaumer, 1887. Ent. Nachr. 14: 87. ♂, ♀.

Polysphincta pontiaci Viereck, 1917. Conn. State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey Bui. 22: 317. ♂.

Schizopyga pulchra Walley
Mass., Ont., N. Y., N. J., N. C, Mich., Minn., B. C. Ecology: Occurs in marshy
places. This species appears to be closely related to the European Schizopyga circulator
(Panzer). Future study may show that pulchra is only a subspecies of circulator.
Schizopyga pulchra Walley, 1936. Canad. Ent. 68: 20. ♀.

Zabrachypus primus Cushman
Md., Va., N. C, Ohio, N. Dak., Alta., B. C, Mont., Ariz.
Zabrachypus primus Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 37. ♀.

Acrodactyla degener (Haliday)
Maine s. to N. C, w. to Alaska and Calif.; Europe. Host: Lepthyphantes

obsciirus (Blackwall), L. zebrinus (Menge), Microneta viaria (Blackwall), Pityohyphantes
phrygianus (C. L. K.). These hosts were recorded in Europe.

Pimpla (Acrodactyla) degener Haliday, 1839 (1838). Ann. Nat. Hist. 2: 117. ♂, ♀.

Acrodactyla degenera Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 103. Emend.

Taxonomy: Sedivy, 1972. Acta Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae 38: 73-79.

Biology: Morley, 1913. Ichn. Britannica, v. 3, p. 133-134. — Nielson, 1923. Ent. Meddel. 14:
163-170 (here misdet. as "Polysphincta pallipes").

Acrodactyla jubata Townes
Colo., Yukon, Wash.

Acrodactyla jubata Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
231. 9

Acrodactyla ocellata Townes
Que., Maine, N. H., Conn., N. Y., Md., N. C, Mich. Host: Pityohyphantes
phrygiamis (C. L. K.).
Acradactyla ocellata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus., Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 232. ♂, ♀.




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Colpomeria quadrisculpta (Gravenhorst)
N. S. s. to Ga., w. to Alaska and Calif.; Eurasia. Host:

Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz, T. obtusa C. L. K. In North America quadrisculpta is
known to have been reared only from T. laboriosa.
Ichneumon quadrisculptus Gravenhorst, 1820. R. Accad. delle Sci. Torino, Mem. 24: 378.

S.
Colpomeria laevigata Holmgren, 1859. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad., Ofvers. af ... Forhandl. 16:

127. ♂, ♀.
Glypta mellithorax Riley, 1891. In RUey and Howard, U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 3: 463.

Nomen nudum.
Zaglyptus kincaidii Ashmead, 1894. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 6: 260. ♂, ♀.
Panteles mellithorax Ashmead, 1900 (1899). In Smith, N. J. State Bd. Agr., Ann. Rpt. 27,

Sup., p. 575. Nomen nudum.
Polysphincta albocoxalis Ashmead, 1902. In Slosson, Ent. News 13: 320. Nomen nudum.
Colpomeria mellithorax Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 19. 9. The type locality
is D. C; on page 10 of the paper in which he described mellithorax, Cushman quoted
notes which presumably pertain to the cocoon of the holotype of mellithorax, not to the
female of Toxophoroides scituhis (Cresson).

Taxonomy: Aubert, 1969. Ichn. Ouest-Pal. et Leurs Hotes, pt. 1, p. 70.

Biology: Nielsen, 1937. Ent. Meddel. 20: 25-27. — Capener, 1938. Soc. Brit. Ent., Jour. 1:
209-210. —Howell, 1972. Entomophaga 17: 5-7.

Eruga atrata Townes
Oreg., Ariz.; Mexico.

Eniga atrata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 238. ♂, ♀.

Eruga lineata Townes
Que. s. to N. C, w. to B. C. and Calif.

Eruga lineata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 239. ♂, ♀.

Eruga rufa Townes
Md., S. C, Mo. Host: Frontinella communis Hentz.

Eruga rufa Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 240. ♂, ♀.

Piogaster maculata Townes
Calif.

Piogaster maculata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 241. ♀.

Type-species: Cryptus carbonator Gravenhorst. Monotypically included and desig.
by Schmiedeknecht, 1888.
carbonator texana (Cresson). Que. s. to Va., w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Steatoda horealis
(Hentz). 0. carbonator carbonator occurs in Europe.
Polyspkincta texana Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 149. ♀.
Polysphincta vicina Provancher, 1873. Nat. Canad. 5: 470. ♂.

Polyspkincta bicarinata Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 368. ♂. Preocc. by
Riley, 1871.

Taxonomy: Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 22.

Polysphincta albipes Cresson
Southern N. Y. s. to Fla., w. to Kans.

Polysphincta albipes Cresson, 1880. In Comstock, U. S. Dept. Agr., Ann. Rpt. for 1879, p.
208. 6 . The type specimen of albipes is lost, and the species had been of somewhat
uncertain identity since being originally described from Florida. A female from Florida
in the U. S. Natl. Mus. collection agrees with the original description except in having
the head ferruginous instead of black. A paratype of eboripes Townes from Kansas
approaches the Florida specimen in coloration and agrees very well structurally. I doubt
that eboripes deserves subspecific distinction, and, therefore, it is synonymized below.
Polysphincta eboripes Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 254. ♂, ♀. N. syn.

Polysphincta burgessii Cresson
N. S. s. to Md., w. to B. C, Oreg., and Colo.

Polysphincta Burgessii Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 149. ♂.
Polysphincta nifopectus Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7: 140. ♀.
Polysphincta (Polysphincta) venatrix DeGant, 1933. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 82: 4. ♀.

Polysphincta koebelei Howard
Wash., Calif. Host: Epeira sp.

Polysphincta (Zaglyptus) koebelei Howard, 1892. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 2: 293. ♀.

Polysphincta limata Cresson
P. E. I. s. to N. C, w. to B. C, Oreg., and Colo.

Polysphincta limata Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 150. ♀.
tuberosa bruneti Provancher. Que. s. to N. Y., w. to Alaska and Calif. P. tuberosa tuberosa
occurs in Europe and northern Asia.
Polysphincta Bruneti Provancher, 1873. Nat. Canad. 5: 471. 9. Barron (1975) rejected the
lectotype selected by Gahan and Rohwer (1918) and gave data for the specimen he
regarded as the holotype.
Polysphincta brunetii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 401. Emend.
Ephialtomorpha slossonae Ashmead, 1906. In Slosson, Ent. News 17: 324. Nomen nudum.
Polysphincta (Polysphincta) elongata Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 25. ♀.

Taxonomy: Gahan and Rohwer, 1918. Canad. Ent. 50: 169. —Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102:
437.

Acrotaphus wiltii (Cresson)
Maine s. to Fla., w. to Man. and Tex. Host: Neoscona arabesca (Walck.).
Epimecis Wiltii Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 143. ♀.

Biology: Shannon, 1913. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 15: 162. — Gordh, 1971. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour.
44: 171-172.

Type-species: Polysphincta pallipes Holmgren. Orig. desig.

Sinarachna anomala (Holmgren)
N. S. s. to Fla., w. to Alaska and Calif.; Mexico, Europe. Host: Dictyna

foliacea (Hentz).
Polysphincta anomala Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4) 3: 34. ♀.
Polysphincta picticollis Thomson, 1888. Opusc. Ent. 12: 1254. ♂, ♀.
Polysphincta dictynae Howard, 1888. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 1: 107. ♂.
Polysphincta mimita Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 369. ♀.
Zatypota anomala meridionator Aubert, 1960. Soc. Linn, de Lyon, Bui. Mens. 29: 32. 9. N.

syn. Described from a single female from southern France.
Zatypota anomala meridionator Aubert, 1961 (1960). Vie et Milieu 11: 656. 9. Second

description of anomala meridionator as a new subspecies based on same unique

specimen.
pallipes strigis (Howard). Maine s. to N. C, w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: Epeira foliata

(Geoff.). S. pallipes pallipes occurs in Europe.
Polysphincta (Zatypota) strigis Howard, 1892. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 2: 291. ♀.

Zatypota alborhombarta (Davis)
Va., Fla., Ariz.; Mexico.

Clistopyga alborhombarta Davis, 1895. Ent. News 6: 198. ♀.

Zatypota arizonica Townes
Ariz.

Zatypota arizonica Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
271. ♂.

Zatypota bohemani (Holmgren)
Mont., B. C; Europe.

Polysphincta Bohemani Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4) 3: 30. ♀.
Polysphincta bohemanii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 8, p. 401. Emend.

Zatypota cingulata Townes
N. S. s. to Ga., w. to Wis. and Colo.

Zatypota cingulata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
270. ♂.

Zatypota crassipes Townes
S. C.

Zatypota crassipes Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
278. ♀.

Zatypota exilis Townes
Que., N. H.

Zatypota exilis Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
269. ♀.

Zatypota favosa Townes
Calif.

Zatypota favosa Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
269. ♀.

Zatypota luteipes Townes
Maine, Mass., Ont., Md., N. C.

Zatypota hiteipes Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
277. ♂, ♀.

Zatypota nigriceps (Walsh)
N. S. s. to Fla., w. to B. C. and Calif.

Polysphincta nigriceps Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 144. cJ, 9.

Polysphincta nigrita Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 144. 6 . Uncertain syn.

Clistopyga nigrocephala Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 369. ♂.

Polysphincta (Zatypota) braucheri Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 33. ♂, ♀.

Polysphincta (Zatypota) califortiiensis Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 34. ♀.

Polysphincta (Zatypota) crosbyi Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 35. ♂, ♀.




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parva (Cresson). Que. s. to N. C, w. to Wis.

Glypta parva Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 155. ♀.

Zatypota patellata Townes
B. C. s. to Calif.

Zatypota patellata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
268. ♂, ♀.

Zatypota percontatoria (Mueller)
Que. and Ont. s. to N. Y. and Ohio, w. to Alaska and Calif.; Europe.
Host: Araneus cucurbitinus Clerck, Meta segmentata Clerck, Theridium denticulatum
Walck., T. varians Hahn. These hosts are recorded from Europe.

Ichneumon percontatorius Mueller, 1776. Zool. Danicae Prodromus, p. 154. 9. The
neotype designated by Aubert (1969) violates every provision in the Code regarding
neotype selection and is therefore invalid. Aubert (1972) contended that usage of the
name percontatoria by Townes (1960) and Oehlke (1967) violates the principle of first
revisor. However, Townes (1960) stated that he applied the name according to the
interpretation of Gravenhorst (1829), and certainly there is no logical basis for regarding
Schmiedeknecht (1907) as first revisor as did Aubert (1972).

Polysphincta gracilis Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4) 3: 32. ♂, ♀.

Polysphincta scntellaris Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4) 3: 33. ♂.

Polysphincta pidchrator Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 757. S. The female lectotype
selected by Aubert is invalid, and therefore this synonymy remains uncertain.

Polysphincta theridii Howard, 1892. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 2: 292. ♂.

Polysphincta granulosa Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 369. ♀.

Lycorinopsis decorata Haupt, 1954. Deut. Ent. Ztschr. (N. F.) 1: 110. ♀.

Lycorinopsis rhombifer Haupt, 1954. Deut. Ent. Ztschr. (N. F.). 1: 110. ♀.

Taxonomy: Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 120-122. —Schmiedeknecht, 1907.
Opusc. Ichn., V. 3, p. 1172. —Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.
216 (pt. 2): 276. —Aubert, 1969. Ichn. Ouest-Pal. et leurs Hotes, pt. 1, p. 77. —Aubert,
1972. Ent. Scand. 3: 10.

Biology: Nielsen, 1923. Ent. Meddel. 14: 170-172.

Zatypota walleyi Townes
Que., Maine, Mass., Ont., Mich.

Zatypota walleyi Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
272. ♂, ♀.

Type-species: Pimpla spectabilis Matsumura. Monotypic and orig. desig. The
type-species is considered to be a subspecies of /. altemans (Gravenhorst).

Revision: Porter, 1970. Acta Zool. Lilloana 26 (6): 65-103 (S. Amer. spp.).

Itoplectis behrensii (Cresson)
Calif. Host: Phryganidia califomica Pack. /. bekrensii is not known to
occur north of Marin Co., Calif.

Pimpla bekrensii Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 30: 377. ♂, ♀.

Itoplectis conquisitor (Say)
N. S. s. to Fla., w. to B. C. and Ariz. Host: Hyaloscotes pithopoera (Dyar),
Oiketicus abbotii Grt., Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis (Haw.), Coleophora frischella
(L.), C. pruniella Clem., Epermenia cicutaella Kft., Anacampsis inocuella (Zell.),
Dichomeris marginella (F.), C horistoneura conflictana (Wlk.), C.fumiferana (Clem.),
Choristoneura lambertiana (Bsk.), C. pinus Free., Aphelia alleniana (Fern.), Archips
argyrospilus (Wlr.), A. cerasivoranus (Fitch), A. georgianus (Wlk.), A. rileyanus (Grt.),
Argyrotaenia cockerellana (Kft.) A. pinatubana (Kft.), A. velutinana (Wlk.), Acleris
hastiana (L.), A. mimita (Rob.), Cnephasia virgaureana Treit., Sparganothis pettitana
(Rob.), S. flavibasana (Fern.), Xenotemna pallorana Rob., Ancylis comptana (Froel.), A.
c.fragariae (W. and R.), Evora hemidesma (Zell.), Paralobesia viteana (Clem.),
Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.), R.fnistrana (Com.), R.frustrana bushnelli (Bsk.),
Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.), Pterophorus periscelidactylus Fitch, Acrobasis betulella
Hulst, A. caryvoriella Rag., A. juglandis (LeB.), A. kearf'ottella Dyar, A. rubrifasciella
Pack., Dioryctria reniculella (Grt.), Diaphania hyalinata (L.), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.),
Cingilia catenaria (Drury), Lambdina fervidaria athasaria (Wlk.), L. fiscellaria
fiscellaria (Gn.), Ennomos subsignariiis (Hbn.), Nematocampa filamentaria Gn.,
Rhetimaptera hastata (L.), Dryocampa nibicunda nibicunda (F.), Malacosoma
americanum (F.), M. disstria Hbn., M. calif omicum fragile (Stretch), Dasychira
plagiata (Wlk.), Lymantria dispar (L.), Orgyia antiqua (L.), 0. leucostigma (J. E. S.),
Alabama argillacea (Hbn.), Anomis erosa Hbn., Exyra semicrocea (Gn.), Simyra henrici
(Grt.), Trichoplusia ni (Hbn.), Lascoria ambigualis (Wlk.), Hyphantria cunea (Drury),
Hemileuca sp., Urbanus proteus (L.), Thymelicus lineola (Ochs.), Pieris rapae (L.),
Graphium marcellus (Cramer), Diprion similis (Htg.), Neodiprion abietis (Harr.),
Rogas stigrmator (Say), R. terminalis (Cr.), Dusona ellopiae (Wly.), Gambrus extrematus
(Cr.), Hyposoter fugitivus (Say), Phobocampe clisiocampae (Weed), P. pallipes (Prov.).

Ichneumon concitator (!) Harris, 1833. In Hitchcock, Rpt. Geol. Mineral. Bot. Zool. Mass. p.
587. Nomen nudum.

Cryptus conquisitor Say, 1836. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 232. ♀.

Cryptus pleurivinctus Say, 1836. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 235. (5,9.

Pimpla pictipes Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 135. ♀. Preocc. by
Gravenhorst, 1829.

Pimpla walshii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 454. N. name for P. pictipes Walsh.

Pimpla conquisitrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.

Ephialtes (Itoplectis) temnopleuris Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 350. ♀.

Biology: Gorham, 1847. DeBow's Rev. 3: 539-541. — Comstock, 1879. Rpt. on Cotton Insects,
p. 198-200. —Riley, 1886. U. S. Dept. Agr., Ent. Comn. Rpt. 4: 111-113. —Weed and Fiske,
1900. U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent. Bui. 26: 33-34. -Fiske, 1903. N. H. Agr. Expt. Sta., Tech.
Bui. 6: 184-230. —Johnston, 1913. Jour. Econ. Ent. 6: 144-147. — Baird, 1918. Agr. Gaz.
Canada 5: 770-771. -Criddle, 1924. Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 54: 17-18. — Schedl, 1931.
Ztschr. f. Angew. Ent. 18: 258-260. -Haden, 1935. Del. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 194: 20-35.
—Townes, 1940. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 33: 318-320. — Leius, 1960. Canad. Ent. 92: 369-376.
—Leius, 1961. Canad. Ent. 93: 771-780. -Arthur, 1962-1972. Canad. Ent. 94: 337-347
(1962); 95: 1078-1091 (1963); 97: 1000-1001 (1965); 98: 213-223 (1966); 104: 1251-1258 (1972).

Morphology: Peck, 1937. Canad. Jour. Res., Sect. D (Zool. Sci.) 15: 245, 452. —Pratt, 1939.
Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 731.
curticauda brevacus Townes. Que., Maine, Ont., Vt., N. Y., Mich., Mont. /. curticauda
ctirticauda (Kriechbaumer) occurs in Europe.
Itoplectis brevacus Townes, 1940. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 33: 315. ♀.

Itoplectis evetriae Viereck
N. B. s. to n. Ga., w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: Barbara sp., B. colfaxiana
siskiyouana (Kft.), B. colfaxiana taxifoliella (Bsk.), B. mappana Free., Zeiraphera sp.




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on Picea glauca, C horistoneura fumiferana (Clem.), Dioryctria cambiicola (Dyar), D.

zimmermanni (Grt.), Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.).
Itoplectis evetriae Viereck, 1913. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 44: 565. ♂.
Itoplectis plesia Rohwer, 1914. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 15: 182. ♀.

Itoplectis fustiger Townes
Que., N. Y., Pa., Mich., Ohio, Minn., N. Dak., Calif. This species is related to

the European /. clavicomis Thomson, and for a number of years was identified as

clavicomis.
Itoplectis fustiger Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):

298. ♂, ♀.

Itoplectis maculator (Fabricius)
Eurasia, n. Africa. Ecology: Sometimes hyperparasitic. Introductions

were made in Ont. from 1948-1956 with the target species being the native

C horistoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Cnephasia longana was the target species for

introductions in Oreg. in 1949?, 1952, and 1954. Recoveries were made in Oreg. in 1950

and 1955, but maculator is not known to be established. Host: Cnephasia longana

(Haw.). Numerous other European hosts are known.
Ichneumon maculator Fabricius, 1775. Systema Ent., p. 337. ♀.
Ichneumon Plaesseus Geoffroy, 1785. In Fourcroy, Ent. Parisiensis. v. 1, p. 417. ♀.
Ichneumon arlequinatus Geoffroy, 1785. In Fourcroy, Ent. Parisiensis. v. 1, p. 427. Sex

not indicated.
Ichneumon scanicus Villers, 1789. Caroli Linnaei Ent., Faun. Suec. Descr. Aucta, v. 3, p.

190. 6 ?
Ichneumon lateratorius Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8:

279; 9: 362. ♂.
Pimpla vincta Snellen van VoUenhoven, 1873. Tijdschr. v. Ent. 16: 212. ♀.
Pimpla cruentata Rudow, 1883. Ent. Nachr. 9: 235. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla castaneiventris Kriechbaumer, 1894. Berlin. Ent. Ztschr. 39: 51. ♀.
Pimpla sexpunctata Perez, 1895. Soc. Ent. de France, Ann. 64: 200. ♀.
Pimpla maculatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.
Itoplectis rufiventris Hellen, 1949. Finska Vetensk.-Soc, Comm. Biol. 8: 11. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Goidanich, 1931. R. 1st. Super. Agr., Lab. di Ent., Bol. 4: 151-153. —Hardy, 1938.

Bui. Ent. Res. 29: 356.

Itoplectis quadricingulata (Provancher)
Newfoundland s. to R. I., w. to Alaska and Calif.; Greenland.
Host: Hyaloscotes fragmentella (Hy. Edw.), Gracilaria sp., Euceratia castella Wlsm.,
Dioryctria reniculella (Grt.), Anthophila pariana (Clem.), Carcina quercana (F.),
Depressaria sp., Archips argyrospilus (Wlk.), A. rosayuis (L.), C horistoneura fumiferana
(Clem.), C. occidentalis Free., Cnephasia longana (Haw.), Acleris sp., Acleris variana
(Fern.), Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.), R. busckana
Hein., Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.), Taniva albolineana (Kft.), Platyptilia sp.,
Lamdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst), Nepytia phantasmaria (Stkr.), Malacosoma sp.,
M. disstria Hbn., Orgyia pseudotsugata McD., Neodiprion sp., A^. tsugae Midd. /.

Itoplectis quadricingulata
***authority mismatch
is closely related to /. altertians (Gravenhorst) of Eurasia and future
study is likely to show that quadricingulata should be treated either as a synonym or as
a subspecies of altemans.

Pimpla i-cing7ilatus Provancher, 1880. Nat. Canad. 12: 38. ♀.

Pimpla (Itoplectis) Kolthoffi Aurivillius, 1890. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad., Bihang tU Handl.
(ser. 4) 15: 29. cJ, 9.

Pimpla kolthoffii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 438. Emend.

Itoplectis obesus Cushman, 1917. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 53: 467. ♂, ♀.

Ephialtes (Itoplectis) latus Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 345. ♀.

Ephialtes (Itoplectis) leavitti Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 345. ♀.

Ephialtes (Itoplectis) pacificus Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 345. ♀. Preocc.
by Harrington, 1894.

Ephialtes (Itoplectis) montana Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 346. ♀.

Ephialtes cacoeciae Viereck, 1924. Canad. Ent. 56: 64. ♂, ♀.

Ephialtes (Itoplectis) esuchus Cushman, 1924. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 26: 221. N. name for
E. pacificus Cushman.




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Biology: Ryan, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 205-208. —Ryan and Medley, 1972. Ent. Soc.

Amer., Ann. 65: 172-177.

Itoplectis vesca Townes
N. S., P. E. I., N. B., Maine, Colo., N. Mex., Ariz., Alaska, B. C, Calif. Host:
Acleris variana (Fern.), Coleophora laricella (Hbn.), Coleotec finite s milleri (Bsk.).

Itoplectis vesca Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
297.

Itoplectis viduata (Gravenhorst)
N. W. T. s. to N. Mex., w. to B. C. and Calif.; Eurasia. Host: Ancylis
comptana (Froel.), Autographa califomica (Spey.), Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris),
Colias eurytheme Bdv., Malacosoma sp., M. disstria Hbn., M. califomicum fragile
(Stretch), M. califomicum pluviale (Dyar), Orgyia pseudotsugata McD., Hemileuca
oliviae Ckll., Nymphalis califomica (Bdv.).

Pimpla viduata Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 214. ♂.

Pimpla atrocoxalis Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 145. ♀.

Pimpla ovalis Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 748. ♀.

Pimpla meridionalis Kriechbaumer, 1877. Ent. Nachr. 8: 120. ♀.

Ephialtes annulicornis
***authority mismatch
annulicornis (Cresson). Que. s. to N. C, w. to Alta. and Tex. Host:

Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), C. rosaceana (Harris). Contrary to the description
and key in the revision of the Pimplinae by Townes and Townes (1960), a significant
proportion of the males of this subspecies have white marks on the mesoscutum.

Pimpla annulicornis Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 147. ♂, ♀.

Ephialtes annulicornis
***authority mismatch
componotus (Davis), n. status. Idaho, N. Mex., B. C, Oreg., Calif. Host: Orgyia
antiqua (L.), 0. leucostigma (J. E. S.), 0. pseudotsugata McD., Neophasia menapia (F.
and F.).

Pimpla componotus Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 367. ♂.

Apechthis pacificus Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 353. ♂, ♀. N. syn. Preocc. in
Ephialtes by Harrington, 1894; Cushman, 1920. Townes (1960) treated pacificus as a
species distinct from componotus on the basis of male color characteristics (he
considered the female of componotus unknown) which do not even work for Cushman's
type series of pacificus, which were from a single locality (Portland, Oreg.). Other
specimens in the U. S. Natl. Mus. collection further indicate the need for placing

Ephialtes pacificus
***authority mismatch
as a synonym of componotus and the need for placing componotus as a
subspecies of annulicornis.
Ontario (Cresson). Newfoundland (Labrador) s. to N. Y., w. to Alaska and Calif. Host:

Choristoneura conflictana (Wlk.), C. fumiferana (Clem.), C. pinus Free., Lambdina
fiscellaria (Gn.), Nepytia canosaria (Wlk.).

Pimpla Ontario Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 146. ♂.

Biology: Ryan, 1971. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 64: 205-208. —Ryan and Medley, 1972. Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 65: 172-177.

Morphology: Peck, 1937. Canad. Jour. Res., Sect. D (Zool. Sci.) 15: 248.




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Ephialtes picticornis (Cresson)
N. S. s. to N. C, w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Choristoneura conjlictana
(Wlk.), C. rosaceana (Harris), Sciaphila sp., Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.).
Pimpla picticornis Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 146. ♂.
Apechthis omatulns Walley, 1929. Canad. Ent. 68: 190. ♂.

Ephialtes quadridentatus (Thomson)
Europe; n. Asia. Introduced, but not established, in Ont. and Que.

in 1948, 1949, and 1956 for control of the native Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.).
Ichneumon resinator (!) Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Bui. 8:

275; 9: 349. Lapsus for and misidentification of Ichneumon resinellae Linnaeus, which is

a braconid now placed in the genus Macrocentnis.
Pimpla quadridentata Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 749. ♂, ♀.

Taxonomy: Townes, 1965. Polskie Pismo Ent. 35: 411.

Ephialtes rufatus (Gmelin)
Europe; n. Asia. Introduced, but not established, in Ont. in 1950 for control
of the native Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.).
Ichneiimon nifatus Gmelin, 1790. In Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 13, v. 1, p. 2684. ♀.
Pimpla Jlavonotata Hohngren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4) 3 (10): 19. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla rufiihorax Strobl, 1901. Naturw. Ver. f Steiermark, Mitt. 38: 11. ♀.

Coccygomimus aequalis (Provancher)
N. S. s. to Fla., w. to Minn, and Tex. Host: Thyridopteryx

ephemeraeformis (Haw.), Grapholitha molesta (Bsk.), Laspeyresia pomonella (L.),
Paralobesia viteana (Clem.), Coleophora fuscedinella ZelL, Acrobasis indiginella (Zell.),
Dichomerus "marginella" (F.), Coryphista meadi (Pack.), Tolype velleda (StolL).
Pimpla aequalis Provancher, 1880. Nat. Canad. 12: 36. ♀.




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Meniscus Ashmeadii Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 430. ♀.
Pimpla conquisitor var. mfiiscula Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 368. ♀.

Biology: Breakley, 1930. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 23: 187.

Coccygomimus annulipes (Brulle)
N. S. s. to Fla., w. to Minn, and Tex. Host: Podosesia syringae (Harris),

Syanthedon pictipes (G. and R.), S. pyri (Harris), Grapholitha molesta (Bsk.),

Laspeyresia nigricana (Steph.), L. pomonella (L.), Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.),

Gretchena boUiana (Sling.), Acrobasis caryae Grt., A. indiginella (Zell.), Salebriaria

tenebrosella (Hulst).
Pimpla anmdipes Brulle, 1846. In Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 102. ♀.
Pimpla inflata Townes, 1940. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 33: 306. ♂, ♀.

Coccygomimus aquilonius (Cresson)
Newfoundland (insular) s. to N. C, w. to Alaska and Calif.; Eurasia.

Host: Coleophora fuscedinella Zell., Psilocorsis cryptolechiella (Cham.), Lambdina

fiscellaria fiscellaria (Gn.), Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.), Rheumaptera hastata (L.).

Townes (1960) has recognized a number of subspecies which he separated very

unsatisfactorily and which do not make sense zoogeographically; therefore, they are not

recognized here.
Pimpla aquilonia Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 145. ♂.
Pimpla flavicoxis Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 747. ♂.
Meniscus marginatus Provancher, 1883. Nat. Canad. 14: 15. ♀.

Bassus cylindricus Provancher, 1889. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 111. ♂, ♀.
Itoplectis exareolata Ashmead, 1901. Psyche 9: 147. ♀.
Pimpla yakutatensis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 200. ♂.

Coccygomimus contemplator (Mueller)
Europe. Introduced in 1964 in N. S. without becoming established.

Host: Operophtera brumata (L.). Other European hosts are known, but 0. bnimata was

the target host for the release in N. S.
Ichneumon contemplator Mueller, 1776. Zool. Danicae prodromus ..., p. 158. Sex not

indicated.
Ichneumon geniculatus Geoffrey, 1785. In Fourcroy, Ent. Parisiensis, v. 2, p. 397. 9 ?
Cryptus insiffiiatorius Gravenhorst, 1807. Vergl. Uebers. Zool. Systeme, p. 264. ♀.
Pimpla bilineata Brulle, 1846. In Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 98. 9 . Syn.?

Coccygomimus dimidiatus Townes
Tex.

Coccygomimus dimidiatus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.

216 (pt. 2): 350. ♂.

Coccygomimus ellopiae (Harrington)
N. Mex., Ariz., B. C. s. to Calif. Host: Lambdina somniaria (Hulst),

Eucaterva variaria Grote.
Pimpla ellopiae Harrington, 1892. Canad. Ent. 24: 99. ♂, ♀.

Taxonomy: Townes, 1966. In Townes and Townes, Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 8: 28.

Coccygomimus hesperus Townes
S. Dak.to N. Mex., w. to Alaska, Oreg. and Calif. Host: Rhyacionia

frustrana bushnelli (Bsk.), Anarsia lineatella Zell., Udea rubigalis (Gn.), Lambdina

fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst).
Coccygomimus hespenis Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus., Bui. 216

(pt. 2):338. ♂, ♀.
instig^ator (Fabricius). Eurasia; n. Africa. Introduced in 1906, 1907, and 1909 in New England

without becoming established. Host: Lymantria dispar (L.). Many other European hosts

are known, but L. dispar was the target host for attempts to establish instigator in

New England.
Ichneumon instigator Fabricius, 1793. Ent. System, v. 2, p. 164. ♀.
Pimpla processionae Ratzeburg, 1849. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 10: 133. ♂.
Pimpla intermedia Holmgren, 1860. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (ser. 4) 3 (10): 19. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla Aegyptica Schmiedeknecht, 1897. Illus. Wochenschr. f. Ent. 2: 633. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla instigatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.
Apechthis jlavipes Matsumura, 1912. Thousand Ins. Jap., Sup. 4, p. 144. ♀.

Taxonomy: Masi, 1933. Soc. Ent. Ital., Bol. 65: 65.




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Biology: Howard and Fiske, 1911. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent., Bui. 91: 237. — Schevy, 1912.
Messager Ent. 1: 4. -Picard, 1921. [Paris] Acad, des Sci., Compt. Rend. 172: 1617-1619.
— Faure, 1926. Contrib. Etud. ... Pieride du Chou et ses Pars. Hym., p. 77-86. — Lepiney,
1927. Ann. des Epiphyt. 13: 164. — Seyrig, 1932. Soc. Ent. de France, Ann. 101: 114. — Cals
and Shaumar, 1965. Ann. des Sci. Nat. Zool. et Biol. Anim. 7: 768.

Coccygomimus marginellus
***authority mismatch
(BruUe). Southern Fla.; Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico.

Pimpla marginella Brulle, 1846. In Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 107. ♀.

Coccygomimus maurus (Cresson)
Ohio, N. C, Ga., Fla., Tex. Host: Hemerocampa leucostigma (J. E. S.).,
Orgyia sp.
Pimpla maiira Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 145. ♀.

Coccygomimus nudus
***authority mismatch
(Townes). N. S. s. to Va., w. to Minn, and Ind. Host: Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.),
Neodiprion sp.
Pimpla nuda Townes, 1940. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 33: 306. ♀.

Coccygomimus pedalis (Cresson)
Newfoundland (Labrador) s. to Va., w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: Archips

argyrospihis (Wlk.), Argyrotaenia mariana (Fern.), sciaphila duplex (Walsh), Lambdina
fiscellaria fiscellaria (Gn.), L. somniaria (Hulst), Protoboarmia porcelaria (Gn.),
Malacosoma americanum (F.), M. califomicum fragile (Stretch), M. disstria Hbn.,
Dasychira plagiata (Wlk.), Leucoma salicis (L.), Lymantria dispar (L.), Nygmia
phaeorrhea (Don.), Orgyia antiqua badia Hy. Edw., 0. leucostigma (J. E. S.),
Heterocampa gutivitta (Wlk.), Acronicta sp., A. americana (Harr.), Ctenucha virginica
(Charp.), Leucania linita Gn., Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haw.), Halisidota caryae (Harr.),
H. maculata (Harr.), Isia isabella (J. E. S.), Epargyreus clarus (Cramer), Neophasia
menapia (F. and F.), Gilpinia hercyniae (Htg.), Neodiprion sp.
Pimpla pedalis Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 268. ♂.

Biology: Howard and Fiske, 1911. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent., Bui. 91: 137-138, 144, 147-149,
237-239. -Schedl, 1931. Ztschr. f. Agnew. Ent. 18: 268-270. — Finlayson, 1960. Canad. Ent.
92: 925. -Campbell, 1963. Canad. Ent. 95: 337.

Coccygomimus punicipes (Cresson)
Tex.; Mexico s. to Peru; Hawaii. Host: Platynota sp., Pectinopkora

gossypiella (Sdrs.). Neither of these hosts was recorded in N. Amer.
Pimpla punicipes Cresson, 1874 (1873). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 25: 398. ♀.
Pimpla feralis Cresson, 1874 (1873). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 25: 399. ♂.
Pimpla Hawaiiensis Cameron, 1887. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soc, Mem. and Proc. (3) 10: 239. ♂.
Pimpla puniceipes Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 446. Emend.

Coccygomimus sanguinipes
***authority mismatch
erythropus (Viereck). Idaho s. to N. Mex., w. to s. B. C. and Calif. Host:

Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), Tholeria reversalis (Gn.), Zophodia convolutella (Hbn.),

Coryphista meadi (Pack.), Encaterva variaria Grt., Prochoerodea forficaria catenulata

Grt., Malacosoma sp., M. califomicum fragile (Stretch), M. incumjum inctirvum (Hy.

Eds.), Hemileuca sp., Diacrisia virginica (F.), Orgyia pseudotsugata McD., 0. vetusta

(Bdv.).
Pimpla (Pimpla) erythropus Viereck, 1909. Ent. News 20: 291. ♀.

Biology: Pack, 1930. Utah Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 216: 10-11.

Coccygomimus sanguinipes
***authority mismatch
sanguinipes (Cresson). Tex.; Mexico s. to Peru. Host: Alabama argillacea (Hbn.).
Pimpla sanguinipes Cresson, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 165. ♀.
Ephialtes (Ephialtes) sanguineipes (!) Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 335.

Coccygomimus silvicola (Walley)
B. C, Wash., Oreg.

Pimpla silvicola Walley, 1941. Canad. Ent. 73: 164. ♂, ♀.

Coccygomimus sodalis
***authority mismatch
longigenalis (Cushman). Colo., Calif. Ecology: Occurs in drier grass or sedge covered
parts of high mountain meadows but is apparently not found in wet meadows.
Ephialtes (Ephialtes) longigenalis Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 52: 332. ♀.

Coccygomimus sodalis
***authority mismatch
sodalis (Ruthe). Northern Man., N. W. T., Yukon, Alaska; Greenland; Iceland; Europe.
Pimpla sodalis Ruthe, 1859. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 20: 371. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla Nordenskioldii Holmgren, 1872. Svenska. Vetensk.-Adad., Ofvers. af ... Forhandl.

29 (6): 97. ♀.
Pimpla longiceps Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 746. ♂, ♀.




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Strickland! Townes. Que., Ont., n. Mich., Sask., Alta.

Coccygomimus stricklandi Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.
216 (pt. 2): 340. ♂, ♀.

Coccygomimus tenuicornis (Cresson)
N. S. s. to N. Y., w. to e. B. C. and Colo. Host: Semiothisa sp.,
Synanthedon tipiiliformis (Clerk).

Pimpla tenuicornis Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 267. ♀.

Coccygomimus turionellae
***authority mismatch
turionellae (Linnaeus). Eurasia; n. Africa. Introduced in 1950, 1955 in N. S.; 1952
in Que.; 1935- 1937, 1950-1954, 1956, 1958 in Ont.; 1906-1909 in New England (probably
Mass.), 1935-1938 in Conn., N. Y., N. J.; 1937 in Minn, and Ida.; establishment has
apparently not occurred, although a few recoveries have been reported in Ontario. Host:
Rkyacionia buoliana (D. and S.), Lymantria dispar (L.), Laspeyresia pomonella (L.),
Operophtera brumata (L.). Many other hosts are known, but these are the introduced
pests which were target hosts for introductions of turionellae in North America; a
number of native pests were target hosts for some of the introductions, however. C.

Coccygomimus turionellae
***authority mismatch
moraguesi (Schmiedeknecht) occurs in northern Africa (Pimpla freyi Hellen
is probably a synonym of t. moraguesi).

Ichneumon turionellae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., Ed. 10, p. 564. ♀ (♂ misdet.).

Ichneumon variegatus Schrank, 1785. Neues Mag. Liebhaber Ent. 2: 327. ♀.

Cryptus examinator Fabricius, 1804. Systema Piezatorum, v. 2, p. 85. ♀.

Ichneumon cingulator Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8:
275; 9: 348. ♀.

Ichneumon turionator Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8:
275; 9: 348. Emend.

Pimpla opacellata Desvignes, 1868. Ent. Monthly Mag. 4: 174. ♀.

Pimpla examinatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend.

Pimpla padellae Torka, 1918. Ent. Rundschau 35: 33. cj, 9.

Taxonomy: Roman, 1932. Ent. Tidskr. 53: 14. — Oehlke, 1967. In Ferriere and Vecht, Hym.
Cat., pt. 2, p. 32. — Aubert, 1969. Ichn. Ouest-Pal. et Leurs Hotes, pt. 1, p. 94-95.

Biology: Jackson, 1937. Roy. Ent. Soc. London, Proc. 12: 81-91. — Sylvestri, 1941. Lab. Ent.
Agr. [Portici], Bol. 5: 27-31. — BronskUl, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 655-688. —Arthur and
Wylie, 1959. Entomophaga 4: 297-301. —Harris, 1960. Canad. Jour. Zool. 38: 766.

Coccygomimus varians Townes
Colo., N. Mex., Ariz., B. C, Wash., Oreg., Calif. Host: Laspeyresia pomonella
(L.).
Coccygomimus varians Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 333. 9 . The male of the species was not identified with certainty.

atalantae fulvescens (Cresson). N. B. s. to Va., w. to B. C. and Calif. Ecology: Adult females
of this subspecies are known to hibernate, but it is not known that the subspecies
overwinters exclusively in this way. Host: Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), Ennomos
snbsignarius (Hbn.), Lambdina somniaria (Hulst), Nepytia phantasmaria (Stkr.), Oreta
rosea (Wlk.), Malacosoma americanum (F.), M. califominim fragile (Stretch), M.
disstria Hbn., Dasychira plagiata (Wlk.), Lymantria dispar (L.), Orgyia leucostigma (J.
E. S.), 0. pseudotsugata McD., Nygmia phaeorrhea (Don.), Leucoma salicis (L.),
Hyalophora cecropia (L.), Nymphalis califomica (Bdv.), Neophasia menapia (F. and
F.), Enicospihis americanus (Christ), Gambnis extrematis (Cr.), Hyposoter fugitivus
(Say), Itoplectis conquisitor (Say). T. atalantae atalantae (Poda) occurs in Europe.

Pimpla fulvescens Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 268. ♂.

Theronia nifescens (!) Taylor, 1884. Canad. Ent. 16: 92.

Theronia fulvescens var. mellipennis Viereck, 1903. In Skinner, Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 29: 88. ♀.

Theronia atalantae var. americana Krieger, 1906. Ztschr. System. Hym. Dipt. 6: 240. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Weed and Fiske, 1900. U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent. Bui. 26: 33. — Fiske and
Thompson, 1909. Jour. Econ. Ent. 2: 455-457. —Howard and Fiske, 1911. U. S. Dept. Agr.,
Bur. Ent., Bui. 91: 137, 141, 142, 144, 147-149, 236-237, 304. — Aldrich, 1912. Jour. Econ.
Ent. 5: 87-88. — Evenden, 1924. Timberman 25 (May): 54. — Townes, 1940. Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 33: 286, 293. —Cole, 1956. U. S. Dept. Agr., Forest Serv., Intermountain Forest and
Range Expt. Sta. Res. Note 29: 1. —Campbell, 1963. Canad. Ent. 95: 337.

Morphology: Peck, 1937. Canad. Jour Res., Sect. D (Zool. Sci.) 15: 245, 246, 248, 251, 252.

Theronia hilaris
***authority mismatch
hilaris (Say). Southern Que. s. to N. C, w. to Minn, and Kans. Host: Halisidota caryae
(Harris), H. maculata (Harris), Heterocampa guttivitta (Wlk.), Symmerista canicosta
(Hbn.), Epargyreus clams (Cramer). T. (T.) hilaris laevigata (Tschek) is European and
T. (T.) hilaris nigra Uchida occurs in northern Asia.
Ichneumon hilaris Say, 1829. Contrib. Maclurian Lyceum to Arts and Sci. 1: 71. ♂.
Pimpla melanocephala Brulle, 1846. In Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 99. ♀.

Taxonomy: Gupta, 1965. Twelfth Internatl. Cong. Ent., Proc, p. 834.

Morphology: Peck, 1937. Canad. Jour. Res., Sect. D (Zool. Sci.) 15: 245, 246, 248, 251, 252.
—Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 731, 737.

Neotheronia septemtrionalis Krieger
Md. s. to Fla., w. to Mo., e. Okla., and La.

Neotheronia septemtrionalis Krieger, 1905. Ztschr. System. Hym. Dipt. 5: 305. ♂.
Neotheronia winnemannae Viereck, 1913. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 44: 567. ♀.

Perithous divinator (Rossi)
Que. s. to Conn, and Pa., w. to Wis.; Europe. Adventive. Host: Pemphredon
lethifer (Shuck.), P. iugubris (F.), Passaloems gracilis (Curt), Psenulus pallipes (Pzr.),
Trypoxylon figulum (L.), Omalus auratus (L.). Except for Pemphredon lethifer, which
is recorded as a host in both North America and Europe, these hosts are recorded only
in Europe. P. (P.) divinator appears to have entered the northeastern U. S. A. before
1931.

Ichneumon divinator Rossi, 1790. Fauna Etrusca, v. 2, p. 48. ♀.

Pimpla ephippiatoria Dufour and Perris, 1840. Soc. Ent. France, Ann. 9: 47. ♂, ♀.

Pimpla marginellatoria Dufour and Perris, 1840. Soc. Ent. France, Ann. 9: 48. ♂, ♀.
Synonymy uncertain.

Itoplectis rubi Habermehl, 1917. Ztschr. f. Wiss. Insektenbiol. 13: 117. ♂, ♀.

Perithous pimplarius Haupt, 1938. Maerk. Tierwelt 3: 209. ♀.

Biology: Horstmann, 1964. Fauna Mitt. Norddeutschl. 2: 193-197. —Thomas, 1964. Mich.
Acad. Sci., Arts, and Letters; Papers 49: 199-201. —Horstmann, 1967. Zool. Anz. 178: 95-102.
mediator neomexicanus (Viereck). Western Alta. s. to N. Mex., w. to B. C. and Calif. Host:
Pemphredon confertim (Fox). P. (P.) mediator mediator (Fabricius) is European.
Pimpla neomexicana Viereck, 1903. In Skinner, Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 29: 88. ♀.

Biology: Parker and Bohart, 1966. Pan-Pacific Ent. 42: 94.
mediator pleuralis (Cresson). Que. s. to S. C, w. to Sask., Kans., and La. Host: Pemphredon
concolor Say, P. inomatus Say, P. harbecki Roh.?
Pimpla pleuralis Cresson, 1868. Canad. Ent. 1: 36. ♀.

Biology: Champlain, 1922. Psyche 29: 97. — Rheinhard, 1929. Nature Mag. 13: 155-157.
— Krombein, 1960. Ent. News 71: 31.

Perithous septemcinctorius (Thunberg)
Mich.; Europe. Adventive. Host: Pemphredon spp., Psen

(Mimumesa) dahlbomi (Wesm.), Psenulus fuscipennis (Dahl.). These hosts are recorded

in Europe. One female was recently found in a spider web in Ann Arbor, Mich, by

Torgerson (1972).
Ichneumon septemcinctorius Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg,

Mem. 8: 280; 9: 363. ♀.
Ephialtes varius Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 254. ♂, ♀.
Perithous bncrniesceyts Koornneef, 1951. Ent. Ber. 13: 249. 9. Synonymy uncertain.
Perithous exigiius Haupt, 1954. Deut. Ent. Ztschr. 1: 108. ♀.
Perithous septemcinctorius meridionator Aubert, 1963. Vie et Milieu 14: 849. d, 9. Syn.?

Taxonomy: Torgerson, 1972. Great Lakes Ent. 5: 99.

Revision: Walkley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 362-367.

Morphology: Morris, Cameron, and Jepson, 1937. Bui. Ent. Res. 28: 360-361. (larvae).

Delomerista borealis Walkley
Que., Cole, N. W. T., Yukon, Alaska.

Delomerista borealis Walkley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 370. ♀.

Delomerista gelida Walkley
Que. s. to Pa., w. to Alaska and Calif.

Delomerista gelida Walkley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
366. ♀.
japonica diprionis Cushman. N. S. s. to N. C, w. to Alaska and Calif. Host: Diprion similis
(Htg.), Gilpinia frutetorum (F.), G. hercyniae (Htg.), Neodiprion lecontei (Fitch), N.
nanulus nanulus Schedl, N. pratti banksianae Roh., A^. sertifer (Geoff.), N. tsngae Midd.
The subspecies japonica Cushman occurs in Japan.
Delomerista diprionis Cushman, 1939. Wash. Acad. Sci., Jour. 29: 398. cJ , 9 .

Biology: Fumiss and Dowden, 1941. Jour. Econ. Ent. 34: 49-51. —Griffiths, 1960. Canad. Ent. 92: 656.

Morphology: Finlayson, 1960. Canad. Ent. 92: 25-26 (larva).

Delomerista laevis (Gravenhorst)
Que., Maine, N. H., N. W. T., Tex.?, Alaska; Europe. Aubert (1969, 1972)

stated that D. laevifrous (Thomson) is a species distinct from laevis, but gave no

indication that he had ever studied the holotype of laevis.
Pimpla laevis Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 180. ♀.
Pimpla texana Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 145. 9. The holotype is recorded

from Texas, probably in error.
Pimpla laevifrous Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 750. ♂, ♀.
Pimpla laevifrons (!) Schmiedeknecht, 1888. Zool. Jahrb., Abt. f. System., Geog., u. Biol.

Tiere 3: 534.
Pimpla levifrons Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 438. Emend.
Pimpla levis Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym. v. 3, p. 439. Emend.

Taxonomy: Oehlke, 1966 (1965). Beitr. z. Ent. 15: 816. —Aubert, 1969. Ich. Ouest-Pal. et
Leurs Hotes, pt. 1, p. 98-99. —Aubert, 1972. Ent. Scand. 3: 10.

Delomerista lepteces Walkley
Que., Colo., Alaska.

Delomerista lepteces Walkley, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 368. ♀.

Delomerista novita (Cresson)
Que. s. to Va., w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Macremphytns sp., Diprion similis
(Htg.), Acrobasis nibrifasciella Pack., Exartema olivaceanum Riley, Eublemma
minima (Gn.), Mononychus vulpeculus {¥.). Hosts other than sawflies need verification.
Pimpla novita Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 146. ♀.

Morphology: Finlayson, 1967. Canad. Ent. 99: 1247 (larva).

Delomerista pfankuchi Brauns
U. S. (unknown locality); Europe. The origin of the specimen bearing
Hopkins W. Va. No. 5928 is unknown.
Delomerista Pfankuchi Brauns, 1905. Ztschr. System. Hym. Dipt. 5: 131. ♀.

Pseudorhyssa maculicoxis (Kriechbaumer)
Que. s. to N. C, w. to Alta. and Calif.; Europe. Ecology: In North
America the species has been associated with Rhyssa howdenorum Townes and Rkyssa
persuasoria (L.) and is presumably cleptoparasitic on them. Kerrich (1966) has shown
that Townes (1960) misidentified the holotype o{ Rhyssa approximator var. mficoxis
Kriechbaumer, and Kerrich palaced mficoxis as a synonym of alpestris (Holmgren), a
species which does not occur in North America.
Rhyssa approximator var. mactilicoxis Kriechbaumer, 1889. Ent. Nachr. 15: 318. ♀.
Kerrich (1966) incorrectly considered the name maculicoxis invalid because it was
originally proposed as a varietal name that was "used in an aberrational sense."




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Pseudorhyssa stemata Merrill, 1915. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 41: 150. ♀.
Rhyssa praealpina Gyorfi, 1946. Fragm. Faunist. Hung. 9: 33. ♀.

Biology: Coutrier, 1949. Soc. Ent. de France, Bui. 54: 62-63. — Spradbury, 1969. Bui. Ent.
Res. 59: 291-297.

Morphology: Spradbury, 1970. Roy. Ent. Soc. London, Proc, Ser. A: Biol. 45: 21-23, 24-25. 26,
27.

Diacritus muliebris (Cresson)
Que. s. to Va. and apparently w. to northwestern U. S.
Mesoleptus^ muliebris Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 102. ♂.
Mesoleptus variabilis Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7 (4): 115. 3. Barron (1975) rejected

the "lectotype" selected by Gahan and Rohwer (1918) and gave data for the specimen he

regarded as the holotype.
Mesostenus rufipes Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7 (8): 249; 7 (9): 263. ♀.
Echthrus pediculatus Provancher, 1880. Nat. Canad. 12: 99. ♀.
Mesostenus pluricinctus Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 76. ♀.
Plectiscidea {Aperileptus^) contentionis Viereck, 1917 (1916). Conn. State Geol. and Nat.

Hist. Survey Bui. 22: 276. ♀.

Taxonomy: Cushman, 1917. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 19: 162-165. —Gahan and Rohwer, 1918.
Canad. Ent. 50: 101. —Momoi, 1966. Kontyu 34: 3. —Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 528,
534, 552, 580.

Poemenia Holmgren, 1859. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad., Ofvers af ... Forhandl. 16: 130.

Type-species: Poemenia notata Holmgren. Monotypic.
Calliclisis Foerster, 1868. Naturh. Ver. Rheinlande, Verh. 25: 169.

Type-species: Ephialtes hecticus Gravenhorst. Desig. by Viereck, 1914 from three
species included by Schmiedeknecht, 1888.
Phthinodes Tschek, 1868. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, Verb. 18: 272.
Type-species: Ephialtes hecticus Gravenhorst. Monotypic.
Euxorides Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 167.

Type-species: Euxorides americanus Cresson. Monotypic.
Ophiogastra Ashmead, 1900. Canad. Ent. 32: 368. N. name for Ophiodes Hartig.
Lisso7iotopsis Habermehl, 1917. Ztschr. f. Wiss. Insektenbiol. 13: 234, 306.
Type-species: Lissonotopsis rnfa Habermehl. Monotypic.
Members of this genus may all be parasites of aculeate Hymenoptera which nest in wood,
abandoned plant galls, and similar situations.

Revision: Habeck and Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 376-387.

Poemenia albipes (Cresson)
N. S. s. to S. C. and La., w. to B. C. and Calif.

Ephialtes albipes Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 143. ♀.

Morphology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 735.

Poemenia americana
***authority mismatch
americana (Cresson). N. S. s. to Fla., w. to Great Lakes. Host: Passaloecus
cuspidatus Sm.
Eiixorides americanus Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 167. ♀.

Poemenia americana
***authority mismatch
nebulosa Habeck and Townes. Ont., Cole, Ariz., B. C. s. to Calif. Ecology: This
subspecies has been associated with Passaloecus relativus Fox, Osmia sp., Paratimia
conicola Fisher, and Laspeyresia piperana (Bsk.) in rearings from cones of Pinus spp.
Poemenia americana nebulosa Habeck and Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S.
Natl. Mus., Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 383. ♂, ♀.

Poemenia pacifica Habeck and Townes
Wash. s. to Calif. Ecology: This species has been reared from
galls of Disholcaspis truckeensis (Ash.) and also from the galls of another cynipid from
which a "chrysid-Uke bee" also emerged. This species is closely related to Poemenia
notata Holmgren.
Poemenia pacifica Habeck and Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus.
Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 385. ♂, ♀.

Poemenia thoracica (Cresson)
Sask. s. to Colo., w. to B. C. and Calif. Host: Osmia lingnaria propinqua

Cr.
Ephialtes thoracicus Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc 30: 377. ♀.
Euxorides Vancouveriensis Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p.

369. ♀.
Ephialtes vancouverensis Harrington, 1894. Canad. Ent. 26: 249. ♀.

Podoschistus vittifrons (Cresson)
Maine s. to Ga., w. to Oreg. and Tex. Ecology: One specimen of this
species was reared from Tetropinm velutinum in Larix occidentalis, but otherwise

Podoschistus vittifrons
***authority mismatch
has been associated with or reared from borers in hardwoods. Host:
Tetropium velutinum LeC, Graphisurus fasciatus (DeG.).

Xorides vittifrons Cresson, 1868. Canad. Ent. 1: 37. ♀.

Podoschistus vittifrons schlingeri Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus.
Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 388. 9 . N. syn.. The description of this synonym was based upon a single
female from Utah which shows a minor difference in the coloration of the hind tibia,
that difference not being found in the single male known to me from Oregon.

Morphology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 735.




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Neoxorides borealis (Cresson)
Southern Man. s. to Colo, and Ariz., w. to s. B. C. and Calif. Host:

Melanophila dnimmondi (kby.), Tetropium velutinum LeC, Hylotrupes bajulus (L.).
The holotype of this species is recorded from "Hudson Bay Territory". N. borealis is
closely related to the European N. collaris (Gravenhorst), and may prove only to be a
subspecies of it.
Xorides borealis Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 167. ♀.
Xorides occidentalis Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 30: 380. ♀.

Neoxorides caryae (Harrington)
Que. s. to N. C, w. to Mich. Host: Saperda discoidea F.
Xorides caryae Harrington, 1891. Canad. Ent. 23: 132.
Biology: Harrington, 1891. Canad. Ent. 23: 132. — Blackman and Stage, 1924. N. Y. State Col.
Forestry, Syracuse Univ., Tech. Pub. 17: 182.

Neoxorides pilulus Townes
N. B. s. to N. C, w. to n. N. W. T., Yukon, Oreg., and Colo. Ecology: This
species appears to be a parasite of wood borers in both hardwoods and conifers. It is
anomalous in being the widest ranging, yet least collected, of the Nearctic spp. of
Neoxorides.
Neoxorides pilulus Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2):
390. ♂, ♀.

Rhyssa alaskensis Ashmead
Alta. s. to N. Mex., w. to s. Alaska and Calif.

Rhyssa alaskensis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 199. ♀.
Rhyssa skinneri Viereck, 1903. In Skinner, Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 29: 87. ♀.

Rhyssa crevieri (Provancher)
N. S. s. to N. C, w. to Minn. Host: Urocerus albicomis (F.). It remains
to be proven that crevieri is distinct from lineolata (Kirby).
Epirhyssa Crevieri Provancher, 1880. Nat. Canad. 12: 17. ♂.

Rhyssa hoferi Rohwer
Colo., N. Mex., Ariz. Ecology: It appears that this species occurs in the lower
reaches of forests of Pinus ponderosa and in the pinyon-juniper forest type. Males
which are predominantly black with yellow markings (as opposed to red with yellow
markings) have been collected since the species was treated in the revision of Townes
and Townes (1960). Presumably, females with predominantly black ground color will also
be found.
Rhyssa hoferi Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 57: 421. ♀.

Rhyssa howdenorum Townes
Md., Va., N. C, Ga., ala., Nebr. Ecology: This species parasitizes siricids
boring in Pinus spp.
Rhyssa howdenorum Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 398. ♂, ♀.

Rhyssa lineolata
***authority mismatch
(Kirby). N. S. s. to Ga., w. to B. C. and Oreg.; New Zealand, Australia. Host:

Urocerus albicomis (F.), U. gigas flavicomis (¥.), Sirex cyaneus F., S. edwardsii BruUe,




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S. noctilio F., Xeris sp. This species is adventive in New Zealand, there parasitizing

Sirex noctilio, which is adventive from Europe. Subsequently, R. lineolata was

introduced in Australia for control of S. noctilio.
Cryptocentnim lineolatum Kirby, 1837. In Richardson, Swainson, and Kirby, Fauna Bor.

Amer., v. 4, p. 260. ♂.
Rhyssa albomaculata Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 318. ♀.

Taxonomy: Morley, 1909. Entomologist 42: 133. — Morley, 1910. Entomologist 43: 243.
— Zondag and Nuttall, 1961. New Zeal. Ent. 2 (6): 40-44 (identity and origin of New
Zealand population).

Biology: Gardiner, 1966. Canad. Ent. 98: 95-97 (oviposition).

Morphology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 733.

Rhyssa persuasoria
***authority mismatch
persuasoria (Linnaeus). Newfoundland (insular) s. to Ga., w. to B. C. and Calif.;
Eurasia; New Zealand, Australia. Host: Sirex areolatus (Cr.), S. noctilio F., Xeris sp.,
Syntexis libocedHi Rohwer. Sirex noctilio was the target species for the successful
introductions of R. p. persuasoria into New Zealand and Australia from Europe, but the
other host records are North American. Two Himalayan subspecies of R. persuasoria
are recognized by Kamath and Gupta (1971).

Ichnetimon persuasorius Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10, v. 1, p. 562. ♀.

Ichneumon camelus Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Cam., p. 282. sex ?

Rhyssa marginalis Brulle, 1846. In Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 79. ♀.

Rhyssa lineolata Kriechbaumer, 1887. Ent. Nachr. 13: 81. 9. Uncertain syn. which is
preocc. by Kirby, 1837.

Taxonomy: Kamath and Gupta, 1971. Oriental Ins. Monog. 2: 14 (key to subspecies).
— Spradbury and Radkowsky, 1974. Bui. Ent. Res. 64: 653-668 (geog. variation).

Biology: Franke, 1959. Photographie u. Forsch. 8: 1-9 (oviposition). — Ozols, 1962. Latvijas
Ent. 5: 29-40. —Klein, 1965. Ztschr. f. Angew. Ent. 56: 224. —Morgan and Stewart, 1966.
Roy. Soc. New Zeal. (Zool.), Trans. 8: 31-38 (habits and life history). —Hocking, 1968.
Australian Ent. Soc, Jour. 7: 1-5. —Spradbury, 1970. Animal Behavior 18: 103-114 (host
finding).

Rhyssa ponderosae Townes
Calif. Host: Sirex areolatus (Cr.).

Rhyssa ponderosae Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus., Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 401. ♂, ♀.

Rhyssella humida (Say)
Maine s. to Ga., w. to Minn, and Miss. Host: Xiphidria abdominalis Say, X.
tibialis Say.
Pimpla huyyiida Say, 1836. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 224. ♀.

Rhyssella nitida (Cresson)
Maine s. to Ga., w. to B. C. Host: Xiphidria canadensis Prov., X. maculata
Say.
Rhyssa nitida Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. PhDa., Proc. 3: 319. ♂.
Rhyssa canadensis Cresson, 1868. Canad. Ent. 1: 35. ♀.
Epirhyssa clavata Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 115.

Biology: Kaston, 1937. Conn. (State) Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 396: 359.

Morphology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 733.

Type-species: Ichneumon clavator Fabricius. Desig. by Ashmead, 1900. The
type-species is regarded as a synonym of M. gigas (Laxmann).
Megarhyssa Ashmead, 1900. Canad. Ent. 32: 368. N. name for Thalessa Holmgren.
Megalorkyssa Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 115. Emend.

Eurhyssa Derksen, 1941. Ztschr. f. Morph. U. Oekol. der Tiere 37: 721. Name invalid;
type-species not designated except subsequently by Townes and Townes, 1951 as
Ichneumon superbtis Schrank.

In eastern North America the three species of Megarhyssa which are common in hardwood
forests—a ira fa (Linnaeus), macrurus (Linnaeus), and greenei (Viereck)— all show rather marked,
more or less clinal, geographic variation in the coloration of the wings, particularly in the
females. Specimens from the northern range extremities often have wings which are nearly
clear, while the wings of those from the southern range extremities are most deeply or most
uniformly infuscate. In macnincs and greenei subspecific distinctions have been made near the
southern extremities of the ranges, and in the case of atrata a subspecific distinction has been
made near the northern extremity of the range. I do not believe it is meaningful to treat these
particular peripheral variants as subspecies.

Revision: Michener, 1939. Pan-Pacific Ent. 15: 126-131.

Biology: Heatwole, Davis, and Wenner, 1962. Ztschr. f. Tierpsychol. 19: 652-664. — Heatwole,
Davis, and Wenner, 1964. Amer. Midland Nat. 71: 374-381. —Cameron, 1965.
Commonwealth Inst. Biol. Control, Tech. Bui. 5: 22.

Megarhyssa atrata (Fabricius)
N. S. s. to Ga., w. to Wyo. and Tex. Host: Tremex columba (L.).
Ichneuvion atratus Fabricius, 1781. Species Insectorum, v. 1, p. 436. ♀.
Ichnetimon tenebrator Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8:

266; 9: 322. Unnecessarily proposed n. name for atratus Fabricius.
Rhyssa laevigata BruUe, 1846. In Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 78. ♂.
Megarhyssa atrata lineata Porter, 1957. Ent. News 68: 206. ♀. N. syn.

Biology: Harris, 1842. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 391. —Walsh, 1867. Pract. Ent. 2:
118. -Walsh and Riley, 1868. Amer. Ent. 1: 77. —Harrington, 1882. Canad. Ent. 14: 82.
— Lintner, 1883. Cultivator and Country Gentleman 48: 561. —Harrington, 1883. Ent. Soc.
Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 13: 23-24. —Harrington, 1887. Canad. Ent. 19: 206-209. —Harrington,
1888. Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 18: 25. —Lintner, 1897. Cultivator and Country
Gentleman 62: 506. — Fyles, 1916. Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 46: 54, 57. — Macnamara,
1916. Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 46: 59. — Champlain, 1921. Ent. News 32: 241.
— Blackman and Stage, 1924. N. Y. State Col. Forestry, Syracuse Univ., Tech. Pub. 17: 178.
— Klugh, 1932. Amer. Photog. 26: 158. — Kaston, 1937. Conn. (State) Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui.
396: 359. —Proctor, 1938. Biol. Survey Mt. Desert Region, v. 6, p. 406. — Fattig, 1949. Ent.
News 40: 69-71.

Morphology: Snodgrass, 1933. Smithsn. Inst. Misc. Collect. 89 (8): 112-114.

Megarhyssa greenei Viereck
N. S. s. to Fla., w. to Minn., e. Kans., and Miss. Host: Tremex columba (L.).
Megarhyssa greenei Viereck, 1910. In Smith, N. J. State Mus., Ann. Rpt. for 1909, p. 627.

Nomen nudum.
Megarhyssa greenei Viereck, 1911. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 40: 191. cJ, 9.
Megarhyssa greenei floridana Townes, 1960. U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 424. 9. N.
syn.

Biology: Proctor, 1938. Biol. Survey Mt. Desert Region, v. 6, p. 406. —Townes, 1939.
Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 34: 29. -Fattig, 1949. Ent. News 40: 70-71.

Morphology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 737.

Megarhyssa macrurus
***authority mismatch
icterosticta Michener. Colo., N. Mex., Utah, Ariz. Presumably, m. icterosticta

intergrades with the nominate subspecies in the Rocky Mountains, but intermediate
specimens are apparently unknown.
Megarhyssa lunator icterosticta Michener, 1939. Pan-Pacific Ent. 15: 130. ♂, ♀.

Megarhyssa macrurus
***authority mismatch
macrurus (Linnaeus). Maine s. to Fla., w. to w. S. Dak. and w. Tex.; n. Mexico. Host:
Tremex columba (L.).
Ichneumon macrurus Linnaeus, 1771. Mantissa Plantarum, v. 2, p. 540. ♀.
Ichneumon lunator Fabricius, 1781. Species Insectorum, v. 1, p. 430. ♀.




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Ichneumon Georgicus Megerle, 1802. Appendix ad Cat. Ins., Quae Mense Novembris 1802

Vienne Austriae Auctionis Lege Vendita Fuere, p. 16. ♀.
Thalessa/ histrio Kriechbaumer, 1890. Wien, Mus. der Naturgesch., Ann. 5: 487. ♂. Preocc.

in Megarhyssa by Ichneumon histrio Christ, 1791.
Megalorhyssa lunatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 115. Emend.
Megarhyssa lunator phaeoptila Michener, 1939. Pan-Pacific Ent. 15: 129. ♀.

Biology: Harris, 1842. Rpt. Ins. Mass. Injurious to Veg., p. 391. —Emmons, 1854. Nat. Hist.
N. Y. (pt. 5) V. 5, p. 194. — D'Urban, 1865. Ent. Monthly Mag. 2: 71. —Riley, 1870. Amer.
Ent. 2: 96, 128. —Fletcher, 1881. Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 11: 67. —Harrington, 1882.
Canad. Ent. 14: 82. —Harrington, 1883. Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 13: 23-24. — Gade,
1884. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 7: 103. — Lintner, 1884. Cultivator and Country Gentleman
49: 331. —Riley, 1885. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 7: 123. —Smith, 1885. Brooklyn Ent. Soc,
Bui. 7: 124. —Riley, 1886. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc 1: 15. —Harrington, 1887. Canad. Ent. 19:
206-209. —Lintner, 1888. N. Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., Rpt. 41: 35-42. —Harrington, 1888.
Ent. Soc. Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 18: 25-27. —Riley, 1888. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 1:
168-179. —Lintner, 1889. N. Y. State Ent., Rpt. 4: 35-36. -Lintner, 1893. N. Y. State Mus.
Nat. Hist., Rpt. 45: 163-166. —Lintner, 1897. Cultivator and Country Gentleman 62: 506.
— Ashmead, 1900. N. J. State Bd. Agr., Ann. Rpt. 27 (sup.): 572. — Fyles, 1911. Ent. Soc.
Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 41: 80. —Douglas, 1912. State Ent. Ind., Ann. Rpt. 4: 105. —Baldwin,
1914. State Ent. Ind., Ann. Rpt. 6: 51. —Fyles, 1916. Ent. Soc Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 46: 54,
57. —Fyles, 1917. Ent. Soc Ontario, Ann. Rpt. 47: 28. —Barlow, 1921. Ent. News, 32: 291.
— Cushman, 1926. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 28: 32. — McDaniel, 1933. Mich. Agr. Expt. Sta.,
Spec Bui. 238: 37. -Woodbury, 1933. Ecol. Monog. 3: 191. -Abbott, 1934. N. Y. Ent. Soc,
Jour. 42: 127-133. -Abbott, 1934. Psyche 41: 238-240. -Abbott, 1937. Ent. News 47:
263-264. — Kaston, 1937. Conn. (State) Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 396: 359. — Kelley, 1939.
Nature Mag. 32: 379-380. — Townes, 1939. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 34: 29. — Fattig, 1949.
Ent. News 40: 69-71.

Morphology: Abbott, 1934. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 42: 127-133. —Abbott, 1934. Brooklyn Ent.
Soc, Bui. 29: 39-41. -Abbott, 1935. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 30: 10-13. —Peck, 1937.
Canad. Jour. Res., Sect. D (Zool. Sci.) 15: 237-240, 246, 247, 251.

Biology: Pratt, 1939. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 32: 733.

Morphology: Snodgrass, 1941. Smithsn. Inst., Misc. Collect. 99 (14): 33-34.

Megarhyssa nortoni (Cresson)
Newfoundland (Labrador) s. to n. Ga., w. to Alaska and Calif.; New

Zealand, Australia. Ecology: Occurs in coniferous forests. Host: Urocenis albicomis (F.),
Xeris niorrisoni (Cr.), Sirex sp., S. noctilio F. These host records are North American,
except in the case of Sirex noctilio, which was the target species for the successful
introductions into New Zealand and Australia. It seems very likely that nortoni will, at
best, prove to be only subspecifically distinct from the Eurasian M. gigas (Laxmann).

Rhyssa nortoni Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 317. ♀.

Thalessa Quebecensis Provancher, 1873. Nat. (ilanad. 5: 447. tJ, 9. Barron (1975) selected a
lectotype.

Megarhyssa nortonii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 481. Emend.

Taxonomy: Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 542-543.

Biology: Essig, 1926. Ins. of West. N. Amer., p. 795-796. —Proctor, 1938. Biol. Survey Mt.
Desert Region, v. 1, p. 406. -Madden, 1968. Nature [London] 218: 189-190. — Nuttal, 1973.
New Zeal. Ent. 5 (2): 112-117 (mating behavior).

Epirhyssa dietrichi Townes
Ariz.

Epirhyssa dietrichi Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt.
2): 414.

Labena grallator (Say)
Mass. and s.e. Ont. s. to Fla., w. to Wis., Colo., and s.e. Calif.; Mexico? Ecology:
Has geen reared from insects infesting Pinus and Taxodium, but is more often reared
from borers in various angiosperms (trees, bushes, and vines). Host: Aneflomorpha sp.?
in Lycium belandieri, cerambycid in Baccharis halimifolia, Knulliana cincta (Drury),
Psyrassa unicolor (Rand.), Saperda puncticoUis Say, Stenosphenus notatus (Oliv.),
Agrilus sp., A. arcuatus (Say), Chrysobothris femorata (Oliv.), C. tranquebarica
(Gmelin), Thrincopyge alacris LeC, Lixus scrobicollis Boh., Pissodes strobi (Peck). The
geographic variation of grallator does not seem conducive to the recognition of
subspecies.

Cryptus grallator Say, 1836. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 236. ♀.

Mesochorus fuscipennis Brulle, 1846. In Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 4, p. 250. ♀.

Labena apicalis Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 402. ♂.

Labena grallatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 116. Emend.

Labena confiisa Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 57: 411. ♀.

Labena confusa var. minor Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 57: 413. ♀.

Labena grallator xiitha Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2):535. ♂, ♀. N. syn.

Labena grallator ochreata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 535. ♂, ♀. N. syn.

Labena grallator lutea Townes, 1960. hi Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216
(pt. 2): 536. ♂. N. syn.

Labena grallator balteata Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui.
216(pt. 2): 536. ♂, ♀. N. syn.

Labena tinctipennis Rohwer
Central Ariz., s. B. C, Calif. Host: Dicerca horni Crotch.

Labena tinctipennis Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 57: 409. ♀.

Grotea anguina Cresson
Que. w. to Wis. and w. Iowa, s. to n.w. S. C, n. Miss., and s. Tex. Host:
Ceratina calcarata Rbtsn., C. dupla Say, C. metallica H. S. S.
Grotea anguina Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 398. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Graenicher, 1905. Ent. News 16: 43-49. — Rau, 1922. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 24:
43. —Rau, 1928. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 21: 383. —Daly, Stage, and Brown, 1967. Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 60: 1275.

Grotea californica Cresson
Northern Idaho and s. B. C. s. to s. Calif. Host: Ceratina acantha Prov.,
C. dallatorreana Friese, C. gigantea H. S. S., C. nanula Ckll., C. ptinctigena Ckll.
Grotea californica Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 30: 370. ♀.

Biology: Slobodchikoff. 1967. Pan-Pacific Ent. 43: 161-168. —Daly, Stage, and Brown, 1967.
Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 60: 1275-1277.

Grotea lokii Slobodchikoff
Colo., Ariz.; Mexico. This species was confused with anguina and

Grotea californica
***authority mismatch
in the revision of Grotea by Townes and Townes (1960).
Grotea lokii Slobodchikoff, 1970. Pan-Pacific Ent. 46: 60. ♂, ♀.

Brachycyrtus ornatus Kriechbaumer
Pa., Md., Ohio, Mich., Ariz., s. B. C; Mexico; Eurasia. Host: Chrysopid.
Brachycyrtus omatus Kriechbaumer, 1880. Zool.-Min. Ver. Regensburg, Corresp.-Bl. 34:

163. ♀.
Brachycyrtus chrysopae Walley, 1940. Canad. Ent. 72: 86. ♀.

Brachycyrtus pretiosus Cushman
Central and s. Fla. Host: Nodita pavida (Hagen), chrysopid pupae.
Brachycyrtus pretiosus Cushman, 1936. U. S. Nat. Mus., Proc. 84: 19. ♂, ♀.

from coiling of the stalk; it serves to fasten the eggs within the puncture the female makes in
the skin of the host larva. According to Mason (1967), in species which parasitize sawflies, eclo-
sion from the egg does not occur until after the host has spun its cocoon.

Taxonomy: Townes, 1969. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 11: 143-193 (genera of world).

Biology: Mason, 1967. Canad. Ent. 99: 376.

Phytodietus rutilus Krebs
Md., N. Y., Mich., Ky.

Phytodietus (Neuchorus) rutilus Krebs, 1969. Canad. Ent. 101: 549. cJ, 9.

Phytodietus burgessi (Cresson)
Atlantic to 100° W. in Transit, and U. Austr. Zones.

Tryphon Burgessi Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 105. ♂.

Tryphon biirgessii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 293. Emend.

Phytodietus plesia Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 57: 465. ♀.

Phytodietus californicus Cresson
Colo., Wash., Calif.

Phytodietus californicus Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 30: 380. ♀.

clypearius Ashmead. Wyo., Alaska.

Phytodietus clypearius Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 195. ♂, ♀.




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Phytodietus flavifrons Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 196. ♂.

Phytodietus facialis Rohwer
N. J., La., Tex. Host: Acrobasis comptoniella Hulst.

Phytodietus facialis Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 47: 462. ♀.

Phytodietus fumiferanae Rohwer
Wyo., Colo., Ariz., B. C, Oreg. Host: C horistoneura lambertiana (Bsk.),
C. occidentalis Free.
Phytodietus fumiferanae Rohwer, 1922. Canad. Ent. 54: 155. ♂, ♀.

Phytodietus parvus Rohwer
Calif.

Phytodietus panms Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 57: 463. ♀.

Phytodietus pleuralis Cresson
Atlantic to Tex., Colo., Ariz. Host: Acleris minuta (Rob.).
Phytodietus pleuralis Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 266. ♂.
Meniscus U-cinctus Ashmead, 1894. In Webster, Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., Jour. 17: 50. ♂.
Dr. C. C. Loan found the heretofore lost holotype among specimens he borrowed from
the U. S. Natl. Museum and advised me of the present synonymy.

Phytodietus segmentator (Gravenhorst)
Eurasia. Introduced in Ontario in 1956 for control of the native
Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Only a small number of individuals (35 males and 39
females) were released, which would seem to have precluded establishment.
Phytodietus segmentator Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 2, p. 944. 6,2.

Phytodietus vulgaris Cresson
Transcont. in Transit., Canad., Huds. Zones. Host: Argyrotaenia -pinatubana
(Kft.), Archips argyrospilus (Wlk.).
Phytodietus vulgaris Cresson, 1870. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 3: 166. ♂, ♀.
Mesoleius annulatus Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 106. ♀.
Preocc. by Brischke, 1871.

Biology: Femald, 1891. Mass. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bui. 12: 9.

Netelia alaskensis (Ashmead)
Alta., Wyo., Alaska.

Paniscus alaskensis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 237. ♂.

Netelia albovariegata (Provancher)
Que., N. Y., Ohio, III, S. Dak.

Paniscus albovariegatus Provancher, 1874. Nat. Canad. 6: 106. ♂.

Netelia barberi (Cushman)
N. S. s. to D. C, w. to B. C, Wash.

Paniscus pallens var. barberi Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64: 40. ♀, ♂.

Netelia ciliata Townes
Calif.

Netelia (Paropheltes) ciliata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 180. ♂.

Netelia laticeps Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Paropheltes) laticeps Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 181. ♂.

Netelia macroglossa Townes
B. C, Nev.

Netelia (Paropheltes) macroglossa Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 179. ♂.




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Netelia picta Townes
Nev.

Netelia (Paropheltes) picta Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 181. ♂.

Netelia radiata Townes
Kans., Ariz., Calif.

Netelia (Paropheltes) radiata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 180. ♂.

Netelia rimata Townes
B. C, Calif.

Netelia (Paropheltes) rimata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 180. ♂.

Netelia serrata Townes
N. Y., Ont., Iowa., S. Dak.

Netelia (Paropheltes) serrata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 180. ♂.

Netelia tarsata (Brischke)
N. S. s. to S. C, w. to Alta.; Eurasia.

Paniscus tarsatus Brischke, 1880. Naturf. Gesell. Danzig, Schr. 4 (4): 138. ♂, ♀.

Parabatus terebrator Ulbricht, 1922. Konowia 1: 181. ♂, ♀.

Netelia johnsoni (Ashmead)
N. H., N. C, Tenn., B. C.

Ctenacme monticola Ashmead, 1900. In Slosson, Ent. News 11: 320. Nomen nudum.
Opheltoideus johnsoni Ashmead, 1900. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 23: 95. Sex not specified. No

type specimen can be found in the U. S. Natl. Museum collection.
Opheltoideus johnsonii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 83. Emend.
Parabates monticola Cushman, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 61 (8): 20. ♀.

Taxonomy: Townes, 1969. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 11: 151.

Netelia caviverticalis (Cushman)
Colo.

Paniscus caviverticalis Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 29. ♀.

Netelia clypeata (Cushman)
Va., W. Va., 111., Iowa, S. Dak., Colo., N. Mex.

Paniscus clypeatus Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 29. ♂.

Netelia glabra Townes
Kans.

Netelia (Toxochilus) glabra Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 183. ♂, ♀.

Netelia magniceps
***authority mismatch
Townes. S. Dak., Mo., Kans., Colo., Ariz.

Netelia (Toxochilus) magniceps Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 184. ♂, ♀.

Netelia mystace Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Toxochilus) mystace Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 184. ♂.

Netelia pulchra (Cushman)
N. Mex.

Paniscus pulcher Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 25. ♀, ♂.

Netelia ultima Townes
S. Dak., N. Mex.

Netelia (Toxochilus) ultima Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 183. ♂, ♀.

Netelia exserta (Cushman)
R. I., N. Y. s. to Ala., w. to Mo.

Parabates exsertus Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 47. ♀.




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Netelia acuminata Townes
Mass. s. to Ala., w. to Minn., s. Calif.

Netelia (Netelia) acuminata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 206. ♂, ♀.

Netelia affinis Townes
Wash., Nev.

Netelia (Netelia) affinis Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 206. ♂.

Netelia blantoni Townes
R. I., N. Y., Pa., Va.

Netelia (Netelia) blayitoni Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 214. ♂.

Netelia brevicornis
***authority mismatch
brevicornis (Cushman). N. S. s. to Ala., w. to Mont., Tex.

Paniscus brevicornis Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 27. ♂, ♀.

Netelia brevicornis
***authority mismatch
suturalis Townes. Alta. s. to Utah, w. to B. C, Oreg.

Netelia (Netelia) brevicornis suturalis Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 201. ♂, ♀.

Netelia brevicornis
***authority mismatch
temporalis (Cushman). Southwestern Calif.

Paiiiscus temporalis Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 30. ♀.

Netelia brunnea Townes
N. Y., Pa., Md., Va.

Netelia (Netelia) bnmnea Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 209. ♂.
caiifornica (Cushman). Southern B. C. to s. Calif. The species has not been collected more
than 80 miles from the Pacific Coast.

Paniscus califomicus Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 36. ♀.

Netelia calva Townes
Va.

Netelia (Netelia) calva Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 210. ♂.

Netelia cascadica Townes
Oreg.

Netelia (Netelia) cascadica Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 205. ♂.

Netelia caudata Townes
Va., 111., Okla.

Netelia (Netelia) caudata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 216. ♂.

Netelia chloris (Olivier)
Que. s. to N. C, w. to Mont., Tex.

Ophion chloris Olivier, 1811. Encycl. Meth. Hist. Nat. Insectes, v. 8, p. 509. ♀.

Ophion geminatus Say, 1829. Contrib. Maclurian Lycium to Arts and Sci. 1: 76. Sex not
stated.

Pa7iiscus texanus Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 425. ♀.

Taxonomy: Townes, 1961. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 63: 111.

Netelia cockerelli (Cushman)
N. Mex., Utah, Ariz., Calif.

Paniscus cockerelli Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 35. ♀.

Netelia cushmani Townes
B. C.

Netelia (Netelia) cushmani Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 206. ♂.

Netelia delicata Townes
Que. s. to Ala., w. to Minn., Kans.

Netelia (Netelia) delicata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 212. ♂, ♀.

Netelia densa Townes
N. Mex., Ariz.

Netelia (Netelia) densa Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 204. ♂.

Netelia emorsa Townes
Fla.; Bermuda, W. Indies. This species may prove to be a syn. of subfusca
(Cresson), which was described from Cuba.

Netelia (Netelia) emorsa Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 197. ♂, ♀.

Netelia falcata Townes
Vt., N. Y., Pa.

Netelia (Netelia) falcata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 210. ♂, ♀.




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Netelia heroica Townes
N. Y., Mich., Minn., Ariz.; Mexico.

Netelia (Netelia) heroica Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 213. ♂.

Netelia idioctenus Townes
N. Y., Va., S. C, Ala.

Netelia (Netelia) idioctenus Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 198. ♀.

Netelia inepta
***authority mismatch
Townes. N. J., N. C, S. C, Ga.

Netelia (Netelia) inepta Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 215. ♂.

Netelia ingrata Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Netelia) ingrata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 216. ♂.
iativectis Townes. N. Mex.

Netelia (Netelia) Iativectis Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 212. ♂.
Ico arizonensis (Cushman). N. Mex., Ariz., s. Calif.; Mexico.

Paniscus arizonensis Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 37. ♀.

Netelia leo
***authority mismatch
leo (Cushman). Mass. s. to Ga., w. to Iowa, Tex.

Paniscus leo Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 38. ♀.

Netelia ligata Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Netelia) ligata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 205. ♂.

Netelia lucens Townes
Colo.

Netelia (Netelia) lucens Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 205. ♂, ♀.

Netelia macra Townes
Md., Va., 111., Ariz.; W. Indies, Peru, Argentina.

Netelia (Netelia) macra Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 196. ♂.

Netelia microdon Townes
Va., S. C, Fla., Ala., Miss., Tex.

Netelia (Netelia) microdon Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 211. ♂, ♀.

Netelia microtylus Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Netelia) microtylus Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 210. ♂, ♀.

Netelia mustela Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Netelia) mustela Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 194. ♂, ♀.
nigjipectus (Ashmead). Tex.

Paniscus nigripectus Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 425. ♀.

Netelia nitida Townes
N. Y.

Netelia (Netelia) nitida Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 215. ♂.

Netelia obrepta Townes
Pa., Mich.

Netelia (Netelia) obrepta Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 215. ♂.

Netelia ocellata (Viereck)
D. C. s. to Ga., w. to Sask., Ariz.; Bermuda, Peru. Host: Agrrotis orthogonia
Morr.

Paniscus ocellatus Viereck, 1909. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 11: 211. ♂, ♀.

Paniscus immaculatus Morley, 1913. Rev. Ichn. Brit. Mus., v. 2, p. 109. ♀.

Paniscus ocellatus var. microocellatus Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 36. ♂, ♀.

Netelia orba Townes
D. C, S. C.

Netelia (Netelia) orba Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 193. ♂.

Netelia ovalis Townes
R. I. s. to D. C, w. to Wis., Kans.

Netelia (Netelia) ovalis Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 212. ♂.

Netelia pallens
***authority mismatch
occidentalis Townes. Tex., N. Mex., Ariz., B. C, Nev.

Netelia (Netelia) pallens occidentalis Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 208. cJ, 9.

Netelia pallens
***authority mismatch
pallens (Cushman). Atlantic States from N. Y. s. to Ga.

Paniscus pallens Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 39. ♂, ♀.

Netelia palpalis Townes
Maine, Mass., N. Y., N. C.

Netelia (Netelia) palpalis Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 203. ♂.

Netelia pardalis (Cushman)
Wyo. s. to N. Mex. w. to B. C, Calif.

Paniscus pardalis Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 31. ♂.

Paniscus neomexicanus Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 33. ♀.

Netelia percurrens Townes
Colo.

Netelia (Netelia) percurrens Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 207. ♂.




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Netelia platypes (Cushman)
Mass. s. to Ala., s. to Wis. Host: Acroyiicta radcliffei (Harv.).
Paniscus platypes Cushman, 1930 (1929). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 76 (25): 6. ♀.

Netelia pluridens Townes
Wyo.

Netelia (Netelia) pluridens Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 202. ♂.

Netelia punctata Townes
Conn. s. to Va., w. to Mich., Tex.

Netelia (Netelia) punctata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 208. ♂, ♀.

Netelia recta Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Netelia) recta Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 193. ♂, ♀.

Netelia rectifascia Townes
Ariz.

Netelia (Netelia) rectifascia Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 216. ♂.

Netelia reflexa Townes
Tex.

Netelia (Netelia) reflexa Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 198. ♂.

Netelia sayi (Cushman)
Que. s. to N. C, w. to S. Dak., Tex. Host: Amathes badinodis (Grt.), Heliothis
zea (Bod.). This is the commonest species of the genus in the northeastern U. S.; it
occurs throughout the summer and autumn.

Paniscus gemiinatus var. sayi Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 41. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Vance, 1927. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 20: 405-415.

Netelia spinipes (Cushman)
Mass. s. to Ga., w. to Mont., Tex.; Mexico. Host: Heliothis zea (Bod.).
Paniscus spinipes Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 32. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Vance, 1927. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 20: 405-417.

Netelia stigmata Townes
N. Y., N. J.

Netelia (Netelia) stigmata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 202. ♂, ♀.

Netelia strigilobus Townes
Calif. Host: Zale lunata (Drury).

Netelia (Netelia) strigilobus Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 207. ♂, ♀.

Biology: Hicks, 1933. Pan-Pacific Ent. 9: 49-52 (as Paniscus sp., possibly seminifus
Holmgren).

Netelia townesi (Uchida)
Calif.

Netelia (Netelia) unicolor Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 202. Preocc. in Netelia by Smith,

1874.
Payiiscus townesi Uchida, 1939. Insecta Matsumurana 14: 45. N. name for unicolor
Townes.

Netelia townsendi (Cushman)
N. Mex.

Paniscus townsendi Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 40. ♀.

Netelia trituberculata (Cushman)
Ariz., Calif.

Paiiiscus trituberculatus Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 26. ♀.

Netelia turbans Townes
Ariz., Colo.

Netelia (Netelia) turbans Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 209. ♂.

Netelia umbone Townes
Calif.

Netelia (Netelia) umbone Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 207. ♂.

Netelia unguicularis (Cushman)
R. L s. to N. C, w. to III., Ala. Ecology: This species occurs in moist
bottomland forests.
Paniscus unguicularis Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 33. ♂, ♀.

designated nigricarpus as the type-species of Parabatus, which would have prevented sub-
sequent authors from applying these names to separate subgenera of Netelia, as did Townes for
more than 20 years (1939 to 1961). Apparently recognizing that it was no longer feasible to treat
some of the Thomson emendations of Foerster names as having been newly proposed for
separate taxa, Townes (1961) abandoned his earlier stance on the issue with the proposal of Bes-
sobates as a "new name for Parabatus as defined by Townes, 1939." Not only does it seem incor-
rect for Townes to have characterized his proposal of Bessobates in those terms, it is paradoxical
for him to have done so without a word calling attention to or explaining his designation of
Parabatus deceptor Morley as type-species instead of Ichneumon virgatus Geoffroy. Townes
(1969) attributes the name Bessobates to Townes, Townes, and Gupta, but the wording of the
proposal (yet alone the 1939 description) is clearly in the unadulterated style of the senior
author, and it seems inappropriate for him to place part of the blame for it upon the junior
authors.

Taxonomy: Enderlein, 1912. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 73: 106. — Viereck, 1914. U. S. Natl. Mus., Bui.

83: 110. —Bradley, 1919. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (9) 3: 319-324. —Townes, 1969. Amer.

Ent. Inst, Mem. 11: 154.

Netelia deceptor (Morley)
N. S. s. to Pa., w. to Alaska, Calif. Host: Schizura concinna (J. E. S.), Polia
legitimata (Grt.).

Parabatus deceptor Morley, 1913. Rev. Ichn. Brit. Mus., v. 2, p. 129. ♂.

Parabates cristatoides Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 46. cJ, 9.

Parabates crassus Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 47. 9. Uncertain syn.

Netelia latungula (Thomson)
Que. s. to Va., w. to Ont., 111.; Eurasia.

Parabatus latungula Thomson, 1888. Opusc. Ent. 12: 1196. ♂, ♀.

Netelia longipalpus Townes
Que. s. to Ala., w. to Mich., III.

Parabatus smithi Cushman, 1924. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 64 (20): 45. ♀. Preocc. in Netelia
by Dalla Torre (1902).

Netelia (Parabatiis) longipalpus Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 218. N. name for smithi
Cushman.
rogrersi Townes. N. Y., Pa., Md., Va., N. C.

Netelia (Parabatus) rogersi Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 219. ♂, ♀.

Netelia sinus Townes
Md., Va., 111.; Guatemala.

Netelia (Parabatus) sinus Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 220. ♂.

Netelia uncata Townes
D. C, S. C.

Netelia (Parabatus) uncata Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 218. cj, 9.

Unplaced Taxon of Netelia

Netelia appendiculata (Provancher)
Que.

Paniscus appendicxdatus Provancher, 1874. Nat. Canad. 6: 105. 6. According to Barron
(1975) the holotype is lost.

Taxonomy: Townes, 1939 (1938). Lloydia 1: 222. —Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 427-428.

Type-species: Mesoleptus exomattis Gravenhorst. Included and desig. by Townes,
Momoi, and Townes, 1965.
Anoplectes Kriechbaumer, 1896. Ent. Nachr. 23: 363.

Type-species: Anoplectes vuilticolor Kriechbaumer. Monotypic.

Eclytus ornatus Holmgren
Newfoundland (Labrador) s. to N. C, w. to Alaska, Colo.; Europe.

Eclytus ornatus Holmgren. 1857 (1855). Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (n. f.) 1: 127. ♂, ♀.
Eclytus perennis Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 305. cJ, ?.
Spanotecnus Jlavopictus Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 204. ♂.

Hercus fontinalis (Holmgren)
Alaska; Europe.

Eclytus fontinalis Holmgren, 1857 (1855). Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (n. f.) 1: 128. ♂, ♀.
Eclytus yakutatensis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 204. ♂.
Himertosoma schmiedeknechti Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 194. ♂.

Hercus pleuralis (Provancher)
N. S. s. to Va., w. to S. Dak. Host: Argyrotaenia pinatubana (Kft.), A.
velutinana (Wlk.), Platynota idaeusalis (Wlk.) Acrobasis kearf'ottella Dyar.
Orthocentrus pleuralis Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7: 328. 9. The syntypes were not

located by Barron (1975).
Calliphrurusf taeniogaster Viereck, 1912. U. S. Natl. Mas., Proc. 43: 585. ♂.

Taxonomy: Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 533.

Neliopisthus densatus (Say)
Maine s. to Md., w. to S. Dak., Ariz.

Anomalon densatus Say, 1836. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 243. ♀.
Neliopisthus similis Cushman, 1919. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 56: 379. ♀.

Taxonomy: Cushman and Gahan, 1921. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 23: 155.

Neliopisthus niger Cushman
Colo., Idaho, Ariz., Wash.

Neliopisthus niger Cushman, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 60 (21): 12. ♀.

Neliopisthus longicauda Cushman, 1935. Wash. Acad. Sci., Jour. 25: 554. ♀.

Neliopisthus piceae Cushman
Maine, Minn., Oreg. Host: Coleotechnites piceaella (Kft.).

Neliopisthus piceae Cushman, 1935. Wash. Acad. Sci., Jour. 25: 555. ♂, ♀.

Neliopisthus semirufus (Provancher)
Que. s. to Va., w. to Minn. Host: Psilocorsis sp.

Hemiteles semirufus Provancher, 1874. Nat. Canad. 6: 332. ♀.

Polysphincta erythropletira Ashmead, 1896; 1902. In Slosson, Ent. News 7: 264; 13: 321.
Nomen nudum.

Polysphinctomorpha luggeri Ashmead, 1900. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 23: 59. ♀.

Neliopisthus nigridorsum Cushman, 1919. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 56: 379. ♀.

piilchricornis as a synonym of Hemiteles contaminatus Gravenhorst (1829), and
Perkins (1962) treated contaminatus as a junior synonym of tener by virtue of
page priority but did not state that he had examined the Gravenhorst types in
question.
Tkymarus Thomson, 1883. Opusc. Ent. 9: 908. Emend.

Townes (1969) says that there are two Nearctic species, one of them undescribed.

Taxonomy: Pfankuch, 1906. Ztschr. System. Hym. Dipt. 6: 82. — Pfankuch, 1925. Deut. Ent.
Ztschr. 4: 260. —Perkins, 1962. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent., Bui. 11: 458. —Townes, 1969.
Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 11: 158-159.

Thymaris negligere (Davis)
N. J. s. to Ala., w. to Kans.

Eusterinx negligere Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 246. ♀.
Callidiotes kansensis Brues, 1907. Wis. Nat. Hist. Soc, Bui. 5: 55. ♀.
Thymaris americamis Cushman, 1919. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 56: 381. ♂, ♀.

Zagryphus nasutus (Cresson)
Pa. s. to Fla., w. to Minn, and Kans.; Mexico, Guatemala.

Mesoleptus? nasiitus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 103. 6,9. The variant
spelling "nastutus" appears on p. 103, but it is anonymously rejected in the errata (p.
398 [1869]).
Synchnoleter americanus Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 196. ♂.

Oedemopsis davisi Carlson
n. name. Conn. s. to Va., w. to B. C, N. Mex.

Tryphon? 7iasutus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 107. ♀. Preocc. by
Gravenhorst, 1829.




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Atopotrophos bucephalus (Cresson)
Md., D. C, Va., N. C, Ala.; Mexico.

Mesoleptusf bucephalus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 36. ♂.
Atopognathus collaris Cushman, 1919. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 21: 117. ♂, ♀.

Grypocentrus albipes Ruthe
Europe. Introduced in insular Newfoundland in 1973, but no recoveries have
been reported. Host: Fejiusa p^isilla (Lep.). The host listed was the target species for
the release in Newfoundland.
Grypocentrus albipes Ruthe, 1855. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 16: 56. ♂, ♀.

Grypocentrus barbatus Townes
Alta., Calif.

Grypoceyitnis barbatus Townes, 1951. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 53:
304. ♂, ♀.

Grypocentrus crassidens Townes
Idaho, Colo.

Grypocentrus crassidens Townes, 1951. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 53:

304. ♂, ♀.

Grypocentrus flavipes (Provancher)
Que. s. to N. C, w. to Wash., Calif.

Mesostenus flavipes Provancher, 1882. Nat. Canad. 13: 363. ♂.
Cyrtocentrus Quebecensis Provancher, 1883. Nat. Canad. 14: 6. ♂.
Apimeles lusorius Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 283.9.

Grypocentrus spatulatus Townes
Calif.

Grypocentrus spatulatus Townes, 1951. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 53:

305. ♂, ♀.

Grypocentrus truncatus Townes
N. Y.

Grypocentrus truncatus Townes, 1951. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 53:
305. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus atrox Townes
Que.

Polyblastus (Polyblastus) atrox Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:335. ♂.

Polyblastus carbonarius (Gravenhorst)
N. H., Alta.; Europe.

Tryphon carbonarius Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea 2: 141. ♂.

Polyblastus fulvilinealis Hall
Que. s. to N. C.

Polyblastus fulvilinealis Hall, 1919. Psyche 26: 155. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus palaemon Schiodte
Man., Alta.; Europe.

Polyblastus palaemon Schiodte, 1839 (1838). Rev. Zool. Soc. Cuv. 1: 140. ♀.
Polyblastus pyramidatus Holmgren, 1857 (1855). Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (n. f.) 1:
219. ♀.

Polyblastus pedalis (Cresson)
N. S. s. to N. C, w. to N. W. T., B. C, Calif.; U. S. S. R. Host: Cladius
difformis (Panzer), Croesus latitarstis Nort., Apareophora dyari (Benson).
Tryphon pedalis Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 273. ♂.
Bassus Bouleti Provancher, 1874. Nat. Canad. 6: 32.9.

Polyblastus tibialis (Cresson)
Que. s. to N. C, w. to N. W. T., B. C, CaUf.

Tryphon tibialis Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 280. "♂"=♀.
Tryphon annulipes Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 108. ♀.
Prinopoda (!) media Hall, 1919. Psyche 26: 158. ♀.

Polyblastus varitarsus (Gravenhorst)
Que. s. to Mass., w. to Alaska, Calif.; Eurasia. Host: Dolerus sp. The
name "strobilator (Thunberg)" has been incorrectly used for this species; Ichneumon

Polyblastus strobilator
***authority mismatch
Thunberg is an emendation and misidentification of Ichneumon strobilellae
Linnaeus.
Tryphon varitarsus Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea 2: 222. ♂, ♀.
Polyblastus subtilis Thomson, 1883. Opusc. Ent. 9: 900. ♀.
Polyblastiis variitarsus Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 320. Emend.
Erromenus annulipes Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 212. ♀.
wahlbergi rubescens Townes. N. S. w. to Alaska, w. to Pa., Ala., Sask., Alta. P. (P.) wahlbergi
wahlbergi Holmgren is Eurasian.
Polyblastus (Polyblastus) wahlbergi rubescens Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent.
Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 336. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus botrys Townes
Que., N. H., Mass., Mich., Man.

Polyblastus (Cophenchus) botrys Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:339. cJ, 9.

Polyblastus flexus Townes
Que., Alta., Utah, B. C.

Polyblastus (Cophenchus) flexus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42: 339. ♀.

Polyblastus alatus Townes
N. Y., Pa., Md., D. C, Va.

Polyblastus (Labroctonus) alatus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:345. ♂, ♀.




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Polyblastus articulatus (Cresson)
Man., Alta.

Tryplion articulatus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 110. ♀.

Polyblastus bimacula Townes
Maine s. to N. C, w. to B. C, Wash.

Polyblastus (Labroctonus) bimacula Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 343, 396. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus buccatus Townes
Wash., Calif.

Polyblastus {Labroctonus) buccatus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 349. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus expletus Townes
Newfoundland (Labrador), Que., Maine, Vt., N. Y., Colo. Host: Nematus
limbatus Cr.
Polyblastus {Labroctonus) expletus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 349. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus galaphilus Townes
Que. s. to N. Y., w. to Wash., Oreg.

Polyblastus (Labroctonus) galaphilus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 347. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus gloriosus (Davis)
Que., Wash., Oreg., Calif.

Phaestus gloriosus Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 292. ♀.

Polyblastus jugatus Townes
N. H.

Polyblastus (Labroctonus) jugatus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42: 342. ♂.

Polyblastus peckae Townes
N. H.

Polyblastus (Labroctonus) peckae Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:348. ♀.

Polyblastus productus Townes
Wash.

Polyblastus (Labroctomis) productus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 345. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus provancheri Kasparyan
N. S. s. to Conn., w. to B. C, Calif. Host: Pontania sp., Pristiphora
sycophanta Walsh.
Tryphon dorsalis Provancher, 1879. Nat. Canad. 11: 253. ♀. Preocc. by Gravenhorst, 1829.
Polyblastus (Labroctonus) provancheri Kasparyan, 1970. Ent. Obozr. 49: 853. N. name for
dorsalis Provancher.
rutilus Townes. Calif.

Polyblastus (Labroctonus) rutilus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:344. ♂, ♀.

Polyblastus stenocentrus Holmgren
Colo., Alaska; Eurasia.

Polyblastus stenocentrus Holmgren, 1957 (1855). Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (n. f.) 1:
215. ♂, ♀.

Type-species: Exoclioblastus oreophilus Schmiedeknecht. Monotypic.
Scopimenus Roman, 1937. Ent. Monthly Mag. 74: 64.

Type-species: Scopimenus pygobarbus Roman. Monotypic.
Coeloprosopon Bauer, 1958. Beitr. z. Ent. 8: 181.

Type-species: Coeloprosopon pectinatiim Bauer. Monotypic.

Ctenochira adeps Townes
N. Y.

Ctenochira adeps Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. See. Amer., Ann. 42: 356. ♀.

Ctenochira analis (Cresson)
Maine s. to N. C, w. to Oreg.

Tryphon analis Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 279. ♂.
Tryphon occidentalis Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 109. ♀.

Ctenochira debilis Townes
Colo., Alta., Mont., Wash.

Ctenochira debilis Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 354. ♂, ♀.

Ctenochira deplanata Townes
Mich., Colo.

Ctenochira deplanata Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 372. ♂, ♀.

Ctenochira dilatata (Provancher)
Que. See discussion of Ctenochira niveicola (Ashmead).
Catocentms dilatatus Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7: 316. "♂"=♀.

Taxonomy: Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 461-462.

Ctenochira extricata (Davis)
Colo., Alta., Wash., Oreg.

Scopiorus extricatus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 259. ♀.

femigata Townes. Wash.

Ctenochira femigata Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 370. ♀.

Ctenochira frigida (Cresson)
Mich., Man., N. W. T., s. to Colo., w. to Alaska, Oreg. Host: Nematus
oligospilus Foerster.
Bassus friffidus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 111. ♀.

Ctenochira gagates Townes
Sask. w. to S. Dak., Colo., w. to Alaska, Wash.

Ctenochira gagates Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 359. ♂, ♀.

Ctenochira gillettei (Davis)
Que. s. to Pa., w. to Colo., Alta., Oreg.

Scopionis gillettei Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 258. ♀.
Scopiorus expansa Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 258. ♂.
Polyblastus scopioroides Hall, 1919. Psyche 26: 156. ♀.

Ctenochira infans Townes
Man., Colo., Alaska.

Ctenochira infans Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc Amer., Ann. 42: 366. ♂, ♀.

Ctenochira inflata Townes
N. Y.

Ctenochira injiata Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 363. ♀.

Ctenochira melina Townes
Que., Sask.

Polyblastus annuliconiis Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 108. "♀"=♂.Preocc by Giraud, 1871.

Ctenochira melina Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 358.
N. name for annulicomis Provancher.

Ctenochira niveicola (Ashmead)
revised status. Que. w. to s.e. Alaska, s. to D. C, w. N. C, s. Alta., and n.
Calif. In their tribal revision, Townes and Townes (1949) treated niveicola as a
subspecies of dilitata (Provancher) (which see). However, Dr. H. K. Townes said
(personal commun., 1976) that Townes and Townes (1949) based their treatment on the
"lectotype" selected by Gahan and Rohwer (1918). Barron (1975) rejected the Gahan and
Rohwer "lectotype" in favor of the specimen which he regarded as the holotype.
According to Barron, the latter specimen does not agree with dilitata dilitata
(Provancher) sensu Townes and Townes (1949). Therefore, niveicola is here raised to
species status; its distribution is a composite of the distributions of the two subspecies
of dilitata sensu Townes and Townes (1949).

Scorpiorusd) alaskensis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc 4: 214. ♀.




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Scorpiorus([) niveicola Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 214. ♂, ♀.
Scopiorus phgosus Hall, 1919. Psyche 26: 159. ♀.

Taxonomy: Gahan and Rohwer, 1918. Canad. Ent. 50: 168. —Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102:
461-462.

Ctenochira pectoralis Townes
Que., Ont., N. C.

Ctenochira pectoralis Townes, 1949. hi Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 364.
d, 9.

Ctenochira picta Townes
N. Y., N. C, B. C, Wash.

Ctenochira picta Townes, 1949. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 370. ♀.

Ctenochira pikonematis Townes
Newfoundland (insular), Que., Mich., Oreg. Host: Piko7iema alaskensis
(Roh.), P. dim7nockii (Cr.).
Ctenochira pikonematis Townes, 1949. hi Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42:
365. ♂, ♀.

Ctenochira potens Townes
Alaska, B. C.

Ctenochira potens Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 364. ♀.

Ctenochira quebecensis (Provancher)
Que., Mass., Ont., Kans., Colo. Host: Nematus li^nbatiis Cr., N.
ventralis Say.
Euceros quebecensis Provancher, 1874. Nat. Canad. 6: 30. ♀.
Tryphonjlavifrons Fyles, 1893. Canad. Ent. 25: 107. ♀.
Scopionts monticola Brues, 1907. Wis. Nat. Hist. Soc, Bui. 5: 56. ♀.

Ctenochira rubicunda Townes
N. B.

Ctenochira rubicunda Townes, 1949. hi Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42:
369. ♀.

Ctenochira rufa (Ashmead)
N. H. s. to Pa., w. to Colo., Alaska, Wash.

Trophoctonus insularis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 215. ♂.
Gemophaga rufa Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 223. ♂.

Ctenochira subcrassa (Cresson)
Mass., N. Y., N. J., Alta., B. C, Oreg.

Tryphon subcrassus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 109. ♂, ♀.

Ctenochira tetrica Townes
Colo.

Ctenochira tetrica Townes, 1949. hi Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 355. ♀.

Erromenus analis Brischke
Que., N. Y., Ont., S. Dak., Colo., Alaska, B. C, Wash.; Europe.

Erromenus analis Brischke, 1871. Phys.-Oekon. Gesell. Koenigsberg, Schr. 11: 95. ♂.
Currania mirabilis Viereck, 1924. Canad. Ent. 56: 301. ♀.

Erromenus brevipes Townes
Wash.

Erromenus (Erromenus) brevipes Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:377. cJ, 9.

Erromenus caelator Townes
N. Y., Ont.

Erromenus (Erromenus) caelator Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:388. ♀.

Erromenus defrictus Townes
Md.

Erromenus (Erromenus) defrictus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:383. ♀.




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Erromenus dimidiatus (Cresson)
N. S. w. to Alaska, s. to N. J., Kans., Calif. Ecology: Occurs in grassy
areas. This is the most commonly collected Nearctic species of Erromenus.
Tryphon dimidiatus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 108. ♂.
Tryphon atricoxus Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 104. 9 ?
Scopiorus hiaUis Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 258. ♂, ♀.

Erromenus dolichops Townes
Que. s. to Md., w. to Alaska, Ariz.

Erromenus (Erromenus) dolichops Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 391. ♀, ♂.

(^labrosus Davis. Man., Wyo., Colo., Oreg., Calif.

Erromenus glabrosus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 260. ♂.

Erromenus labratus Townes
Calif.

Erromenus (Erromenus) labratus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:390. ♀.

Erromenus levis Townes
N. Y.

Erroynenus (Erromenus) levis Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:378. ♂, ♀.

Erromenus marginatus Provancher
Que. s. to Pa., w. to B. C. and Wash. Host: Pristiphora bivittata
(Nort.).
Erronemus (!) marginatus Provancher, 1883. Nat. Canad. 14: 10. ♀.
nasalis Townes. Que., N. H., R. I., N. Y., Ohio, Colo., Wash.

Erromenus (Erromenus) nasalis Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:389. ♂, ♀.

Erromenus planus Townes
N. Y., Sask., Alta., Calif.

Erromenus (Erromenus) planus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:387. cj, 9.

Erromenus proteus Townes
Minn., Sask., Alta., Wash., Calif.

Erromenus (Erromenus) proteus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:384. ♂, ♀.

Erromenus punctulatus Holmgren
Que. s. to N. Y., w. to N. Mex., Alaska, and Greg.; Eurasia.

Erromenus punctulatus Holmgren, 1857 (1855). Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. (n. f.) 1:

222. ♂.
Tryphon crassus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 107. ♂, ♀.
Tryphon tejonicus Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 30: 372. ♂.
Polyblastus leviculus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 263. ♂.
Aniarophron niger Szepligeti, 1901. In Mocsary and Szepligeti, Zool. Erg. drit. asiat.
Forschungsreise Grafen E. Zichy, v. 2 (Hym.), p. 141. "♂"=♀.

Erromenus scorteus Townes
Colo., Wash.

Erromenus (Erromenus) scorteus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:379. ♂, ♀.

Erromenus tonto Townes
Ariz.

Erromenus (Erromenus) tonto Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc Amer.,
Ann. 42:390. ♂, ♀.

Erromenus ungulatus Townes
N. Y., N. C, Ont., Wash.

Erromenus (Erromenus) ungulatus Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 386. ♂, ♀.

Erromenus variolae Townes
N. Y., N. J., Va., Kans.

Erromeyius (Erromenus) variolae Townes, 1949. In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42: 393. ♂, ♀.

Aderaeon bedardi (Provancher)
N. S., N. B., Que., Ont., B. C. Host: Pikonema alaskensis (Roh.), P.
dimmockii (Cr.).
Erroneimisd) Bedardi Provancher, 1879. Nat. Canad. 11: 266. ♀.

Monoblastus atroferia Townes
N. Y., Pa., N. C, Mich.

Monoblastus atroferia Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann.
42:413. ♂, ♀.

Monoblastus davisi (Townes)
N. Y., Ont., Mich., Ill, Iowa.

Tryphon nigrum Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 281. ♂. Preocc. by

Gravenborst, 1829.
Tryphon davisi Townes, 1944. Amer. Ent. Soc, Mem. 11: 155. N. name for nigrum Davis.

Monoblastus dionnei (Provancher)
N. S., s. to Pa., w. to Minn.

Tryphon Dionnei Provancher, 1879. Nat. Canad. 11: 256. ♀.

Monoblastus eurus Townes
Md.

Monoblastus eurus Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc Amer., Ann. 42:
410. ♂.

Monoblastus favonius Townes
Calif.

Monoblastus favonixis Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc Amer., Ann.
42:409. ♂, ♀.

Monoblastus feria
***authority mismatch
feria (Davis). Que. s. to Fla., w. to Man. and Colo.

Otlophonis innumerabilis \&r. feria Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 276. ♂, ♀.
EpachtesV.) basilicus Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 283. ♂, ♀.

Monoblastus feria
***authority mismatch
rossi Townes. Colo., B. C, Oreg., Calif.

Monoblastus feria rossi Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:412. ♂, ♀.

Monoblastus fuscipennis (Cameron)
Tex.; Mexico.

Cerda fuscipennis Cameron, 1904. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 30: 255. ♂.
Monoblastus phaeopteris Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:415. ♂.

Taxonomy: Townes and Townes, 1966. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 8: 46 (syn.).

Monoblastus innumerabilis (Davis)
Nev., Wash., Oreg., Calif.

Otlophonis innumerabilis Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 278. cJ, 9.

Monoblastus kaniacensis (Hall)
Minn., Man., Mont., Wyo., Colo., Idaho, Utah, Ariz., Wash., Oreg. Ecology:
On two separate occasions this species has been collected on Symphoricarpos bushes; m
one instance the bushes were infested with sawfly larvae thought to be of the genus
Blennocampa. Because Blennocampa is not known in N. Amer., it may have been a
related genus in Blennocampinae.
Polyblastus kaniacensis Hall, 1919. Psyche 26: 156. ♀.




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Monoblastus macer Townes
N. Y., N. J., Pa., Md., Va., Ohio.

Monoblastus macer Townes, 1950 (1949). hi Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann.
42:405. ♂, ♀.

Monoblastus montezuma (Cameron)
Que. s. to N. C, w. to B. C. and Calif.; Mexico.

Tryphon montezuma Cameron, 1886. Biol. Cent.- Amer., Hym., v. 1, p. 286. ♂.

Otlophonis affinis Ashmead, 1901. Psyche 9: 148. ♂.

Monoblastus philanthoides (Cresson)
N. H., N. Y., 111.

Tryphon philanthoides Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 110. ♀.

Monoblastus proximus Townes
Idaho, Wash., Oreg., Calif.

Monoblastus proximus Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer.,
Ann. 42:403. <5, 9.

Thibetoides flosamoris Davis
Wash., Oreg., Calif.

Thibetoides flosamoris Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 205. ♂.

Lagoleptus palans Townes
N. Y., Pa., N. C, S. C.

Lagoleptus palans Townes, 1969. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 11: 174.

Boethus glabranotus Davis
Mont.

Boethus glabranotus Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 291. ♀.

Boethus nigripennis Cushman
N. Y., Ky., Ala. Host: Arge pectoralis (Leach).

Boethus nigripennis Cushman, 1922. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc 60 (21): 12. ♂, ♀.

Boethus schizoceri (Riley and Howard)
N. J. s. to Fla., w. to Minn, and La. Host: Sphacophilus
celhilaris (Say).

Eubadizon schizoceri RUey and Howard, 1888. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 1: 44. 9 ?

Eubadizon schizoceratis Riley and Howard, 1889. U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 1: XXXI
(errata). Emend.

Boethus howardi Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 290. ♂, ♀.

Boethus aenigmaticus Viereck, 1905. Kans. Acad. Sci., Trans. 19: 314. ♂.

Boethus daeckei Viereck, 1909. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 11: 210. ♂.

misidentification of Ichneumon praerogator Linnaeus, the available names for
which are Dyspetes arrogator Heinrich (1949) and Dyspetes fracticeps Townes
(1950 [1949]).
Dyspetus Thomson, 1883. Opusc. Ent. 9: 899. Emend.

Taxonomy: Townes and Townes, 1950 (1949). Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 422. —Perkins, 1962.
Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent., Bui. 11 (8): 419. —Townes, Momoi, and Townes, 1965. Amer.
Ent. Inst., Mem. 5: 105.

Dyspetes rufus (Provancher)
Que.

Exetastes rufus Provancher, 1874. Nat. Canad. 6: 78. ♂, ♀.

Cosmoconus arcticus (Brues)
Alaska, Wash., Oreg., Calif.

Polyblastus arcticus Brues, 1919. Rpt. Canad. Arctic Exped. 1913-18, v. 3G, p. 22. ♀.

Cosmoconus canadensis (Provancher)
N. S. s. to N. C, w. to Sask. and Colo.

Tryphon Canadensis Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7: 117. ♂, ♀.

Cosmoconus vallis Townes
n. status. Que., Md., 111., Iowa, Tex.

Cosmoco7ius canadensis vallis Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 425. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon californicus Cresson
Calif.

Tryphon californicus Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. PhUa., Proc. 30: 373. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon coquilletti Townes
Calif.

Tryphon (Noemon) coquilletti Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 432. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon hamatus Townes
Calif.

Tryphon (Noemon) hamatus Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 432. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon lusorius Cresson
Calif.

Tryphon lusorius Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. PhCa., Proc. 30: 373. ♂.

Tryphon machaerus Townes
Calif.

Tryphon (Noemon) machaerus Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 431. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon palmaris (Davis)
Southern Calif.

Noemon palmaris Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 287. ♂, ♀.

Type-species: Tryphon ephippmm Holmgren. By subsequent monotypy from

inclusion by Morley, 1911.
Otitochilus Foerster, 1868. Naturh. Ver. Rheinlande, Verb. 25: 203.

Type-species: Tryphon trochanteratus Holmgren. By subsequent monotypy from

inclusion by Woldstedt, 1877 (1876).

This subgenus is Palearctic.

Tryphon alaskensis Ashmead
Sask., Alta., Alaska, Wash.

Polyblastus glacialis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 213. ♀.
Tryphon alaskensis Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 215. ♀.

Tryphon americanus Cresson
Que. s. to Pa., w. to Minn, and Kans.

Tryphon americanus Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 276. ♂.
Tryphon affinis Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 277. ♀.

Tryphon communis Cresson
N. S. s. to Pa., w. to Alaska, Alta., and N. Mex. Two or more species may
be confused under this name.
Tryphon communis Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 103 3,9.
Tryphon clypeatus Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7: 309, 311. 6. The alternate spelling

"clypealis" appeared on p. 309.
Tryphon pedic2ilahis Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 102. ♂.
Tryphon communis var. atripes Davis, 1898 (1897). Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 282. ♂, ♀.
Grypocentnis nifiterminalis Hall, 1919. Psyche 26: 157. ♀.

Tryphon foraminatus Townes
N. status. S. D. s. to Colo., w. to B. C. and Calif. The egg of this species
is more elongate than that of communis.
Tryphon (Symboethus) communis foraminahis Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and
Townes, Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 42: 442. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon illotus Townes
Wash.

Tryphon (Symboethus) illotus Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc
Amer., Ann. 42: 443. ♂.

Tryphon mystax Townes
N. B. w. to Alaska, s. to N. H., Colo., and Wash.

Tryphon (Symboethus) mystax Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 437. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon rempeli Townes
Sask., Wash., Oreg.

Tryphon (Symboethus) rempeli Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 435. ♂, ♀.

Tryphon seminiger Cresson
N. S. w. to Alaska, s. to Md., III., N. Mex., and CaUf.
Tryphon seminiger Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 278. ♀.
Metopius terminalis Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 438. ♂.

Tryphon townesi Walkley
Que., Maine, N. H., Vt., Mich., Colo.

Tryphon (Symboethus) humeralis Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.

Amer., Ann. 42: 438. cJ, 9. Preocc. by Gravenhorst, 1829.
Tryphon (Symboethus) townesi Walkley, 1958. In Krombein, et al., U. S. Dept. Agr., Agr.
Monog. 2, Sup. 1, p. 41. N. name for humeralis Townes.

Tryphon viator Townes
Que. w. to Alta., s. to Pa., Mo., and Colo.

Tryphon (Symboethus) viator Townes, 1950 (1949). In Townes and Townes, Ent. Soc.
Amer., Ann. 42: 443. cJ, 9.




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Orthomiscus leptura Mason
Que., N. H., Vt., Ont., Calif.

Orthomiscus leptura Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 64. ♂, ♀.

Orthomiscus platyura Mason
Que. w. to Mich., s. to Md. and Alta.

Orthomiscus platyura Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 66. ♂, ♀.

Excavarus annulipes (Cresson)
N. B. w. to Minn., s. to S. C. and 111. Host: Croesus latitarsus Nort.

Cteniscus annulipes Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 2: 112. "

Excavarus etrocaulus
***authority mismatch
etrocaulus Mason. Alta., Colo., B. C, Oreg.

Smicroplectnis etrocaulus etrocaulus Mason, 1956. Canad. Jour. Zool. 34: 149. ♂, ♀.

Excavarus etrocaulus
***authority mismatch
eurus Mason. N. B., Que., Mass., Mich., Minn.

Smicroplectnis etrocaulus eiinis Mason, 1956. Canad. Jour. Zool. 34: 150. ♀.

Excavarus velox (Walley)
Que., Maine, Ont., Sask., N. Mex., Alta., B. C. Host: Pikonema alaskensis
(Roh.), P. dimmockii (Cr.).

Smicroplectnis velox Walley, 1937. Canad. Ent. 69: 132. ♀.

Exyston austelli Mason
Mass. s. to N. C.

Exyston {Anecphysis) austelli Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1078. ♂, ♀.

Exyston boreotis Davis
N. Y., Mich., Sask., Wyo., Colo., N. Mex., Alta.

Exyston boreotis Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 238. ♂.
Exyston nigro scutum Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 237. ♂.
Exyston contracta Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 238. 6. Uncertain syn.; Mason
(1959) suggested that contracta might alternatively prove to be a senior synonym of
spinulosiim Mason.

Taxonomy: Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1082-1084, 1112-1113. — Townes, 1969. Amer.

Ent. Inst, Mem. 11: 186.

Exyston californicum Mason
Alta. s. to Colo., w. to Alaska and Calif.

Exyston (Anecphysis) califomicus Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1093. ♂, ♀.

Exyston chamaeleon Mason
Ont., N. W. T. w. to Yukon, s. to S. Dak., N. Mex. and Calif.

Exyston (Exyston) chamaeleon Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1099. ♂, ♀.

Exyston clavatum (Cresson)
N. S. w. to B. C, s. to Va., Ill, Kans., and Calif.

Cteniscus clavatus Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 284. ♂.

Cteniscus abdominalis Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 264. ♀.

Exyston abdominalis Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 197. ♂. Preocc. by above
synonym, abdominalis Cresson, 1865.

Rhimphalea erythrogaster Viereck, 1917 (1916). Conn. State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey
Bui. 22:296. ♀.

Exyston excelsum (Cresson)
Wyo., Colo.

Cteniscus excelsus Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. PhUa., Proc. 4: 262. ♀.

Exyston flavens Davis
Mass., N. J., Ga., Tex.

Exyston flavens Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 237. ♀.

Exyston hadrum Mason
Mich., Minn., Sask., Colo., Alta.

Exyston (Anecphysis) hadros Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1080. ♂, ♀.

Exyston humerale Davis
Newfoundland (insular) w. to Sask., s. to Minn., Kans., and Mont.

Exyston humeralis Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 239. ♂.

Exyston articulatus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 239. ♂.
Illinois Mason. Que., Ont, Mich., 111., Iowa.

Exystoyi (Exyston) illinois Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1103. cj, 9.

Exyston lophotum Mason
N. W. T., Sask., Alta., B. C, Wash., Calif.

Exyston (Anecphysis) lophotos Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1091. ♂, ♀.

Exyston maculosum (Provancher)
N. S. w. to B. C, s. to N. C, III, Ariz., and Calif. Host: Pristiphora
bivattata (Nort.), P. citicta Newman, P. sycophanta Walsh.

Mesoleptus maculosus Provancher, 1875. Nat. Canad. 7: 114. "♀"=♂.

Exyston (Anecphysis) tectiis Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1073. ♂, ♀.

Taxonomy: Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 502 (syn.).

Exyston marginatum (Provancher)
Northern Que. w. to Alaska, s. to N. C, Mich., Colo., and Calif.

Exystoyi marginatum Provancher, 1886. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 99. ♀.

Anecphysis curvineura Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 234. ♀.

Exyston nigreo Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 236. ♂.

Exyston politum Davis
Mont., Wyo., Calif.

Exyston politus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent Soc, Trans. 24: 240. ♀.

Exyston reniforme Mason
Colo., Alta., B. C, Oreg., Calif.

Exyston (Anecphysis) reniformis Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1089. ♂, ♀.

Exyston speciosum Davis
Alta. s. to Colo., w. to B. C. and Calif.

Exyston speciosus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 237. ♂.

Exyston spinulosum Mason
N. W. T. w. to Alaska, s. to Iowa, Kans., Wyo., and Wash.; Kamchatka.

Exyston (Anecphysis) spinulosus Mason, 1959. Canad. Jour. Zool. 37: 1086. ♂, ♀.

Exyston variatum Provancher
N. S. w. to B. C, s. to N. C, 111., and N. Dak. Ecology: Occurs at forest
edges and along woodland paths, but not in grasslands or meadows.

Exyston variatus Provancher, 1877. Nat Canad. 9: 15. ♀.




Page 379 • Top • -1 • +1 • Original • Database of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico • Highertaxa

Exyston variatus Provancher, 1879. Nat. Canad. 11: 249. ♀. Preocc. by Provancher, 1877.
Contrary to the discussion of Barron (1975), Provancher indicated this as being a
description of a new species. The variant spelling "vaiatus" also appears on p. 249.

Exystoti abdominalis var. rnfinus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 239. ♀.

Taxonomy: Barron, 1975. Nat. Canad. 102: 581 (discussion of lectotype).

Exyston venustum (Cresson)
S. Dak., Sask., Colo., Utah, B. C, Wash.

Cteniscus venustus Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 263. ♀.

Smicroplectrus apicatus (Provancher)
Que., Maine, N. Y., Ont., Colo., Alta., B. C. Host: Nematus currani
Ross.

Cte7iiscus apicatus Provancher, 1879. Nat. Canad. 11: 263. "♂"=♀.

Smicroplectrus californicus (Cresson)
Que. w. to B. C, s. to N. C, Minn., Ariz., and Calif.

CtenistesH) califoniiciis Cresson, 1879 (1878). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc. 30: 374. ♂.

Smicroplectrus disseptus Walley, 1933. Canad. Ent. 65: 256. ♀.

Smicroplectrus eburneus Mason
Ont., Tex.

Smicroplectrus eburneus Mason, 1956. Canad. Jour. Zool. 34: 141. ♀.

Smicroplectrus incompletus Walley
N. S. w. to Alta., s. to Pa. and Ariz. Host: Pikonema sp.

Smicroplectrus incompletus Walley, 1937. Canad. Ent. 69: 134. ♀.
jucundus albilineatus (Walsh). Que. w. to Alaska, s. to Colo, and Calif. S. jucundus jucundus
(Holmgren) is Palearctic

Cteniscus albilineatus Walsh, 1873. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 3: 107. "♂"=♀.

Smicroplectrus robustus Walley
Que. w. to Alta., s. to N. Y., Mich., and Nev. Ecology: Observed on Populus
ovipositing on Nematus sp. Host: Nematus sp.

Smicroplectrus robiistus Walley, 1937. Canad. Ent. 69: 135. ♀.

Smicroplectrus takomae Mason
N. W. T., Alaska, Wash.

Smicroplectrus takomae Mason, 1956. Canad. Jour. Zool. 34: 131. ♂, ♀.

Smicroplectrus walleyi Mason
Que., N. Y., Pa., Md., Va., Ont., Ohio, Ky., Nebr.

Smicroplectrus walleyi Mason, 1956. Canad. Jour. Zool. 34: 132. $, 9.

Acrotomus succinctus (Gravenhorst)
N. Y., Ont., Mich.; Europe. Adventive.

Tryphon succinctus Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 2, p. 166. ♂, ♀.

Type-species: Diaborus pallitarsis Thomson. Orig. desig. The type-species is
regarded as a synonym of Cteniscus scalaris (Gravenhorst).

The name Cteniscus has not traditionally applied to this genus, the change in application being
made by Townes, Townes, and Gupta (1965) in compliance with the fact that Tryplion sexilitu-
ratus Gravenhorst was the only species originally included; (see Townes, 1969); other names
mentioned in the original description (e.g. Cteniscus aurijhius) were then nomina nuda. Prior
to the description of Eudiaborns, the name Diaborus Foerster had been incorrectly applied to
this genus.

Revision: Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 21-63 (as Eudiabonis).

Taxonomy: Kerrich, 1952. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent., Bui. 2: 314-316, 415-416. —Townes,
Townes, and Gupta, 1965. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 5: 113. —Townes, 1969. Amer. Ent. Inst.,
Mem. 11: 188-190. -Kerrich, 1975. Polskie Pismo Ent. 40: 125-126.

Cteniscus devius (Mason)
Man., Colo., Alaska; Europe.

Eudiabonis devius Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 34. ♀.

Cteniscus dorsalis Cresson
N. S. w. to Alaska, s. to N. Y., 111., Colo., and Calif.

Cteniscus dorsalis Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 282. "♂"=♀.
Cteniscus mediatus Cresson, 1864. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 3: 282. ♂.

Cteniscus eximius (Mason)
N. Y.

Eudiabonis exinmis Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 33. ♀.

Cteniscus flavicircus (Mason)
Ont., Ohio, S. C, Ind. Host: Pristiphora sp.

Eiidiabonis Jlavicircus Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 27. ♂, ♀.

Cteniscus glutiniatus (Roman)
Maine, B. C, Alaska; N. Eurasia.

Diaboms glutiniatus Roman, 1909. In Hamburg, Naturw. Unters. Sarekgebirges, v. 4, p.
282. ♂, ♀.

Cteniscus leptonyx (Mason)
Newfoundland (Labrador) w. to Alaska, s. to Man., Colo., Ariz., and Calif.

Eiidiabonis leptonyx Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 37. ♂, ♀.

Cteniscus luminosus (Mason)
N. Y.

Eudiabonis luminosus Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 40. ♀.

Cteniscus maculiventris
***authority mismatch
maculiventris (Ashmead). Newfoundland (Labrador) w. to B. C, s. to Mass. and
Colo.
Diaboms maculiventris Ashmead, 1896. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 23: 197. ♂.
Diaboms ignipes Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 231. ♀.

Cteniscus maculiventris
***authority mismatch
sexmaculatus (Ashmead). N. W. T., N. Man., Alaska. More northwestern than
the nominate subspecies, m. sexmaculatus probably having decended from a
Palearctic-Beringian glacial refugium. A third subspecies, m. borioalpinus Kerrich,
occurs in Europe and is rather similar to m. sexmaculatus.
Diaboms sexmaculatus Ashmead, 1902. Wash. Acad. Sci., Proc. 4: 212. ♂.

Cteniscus nigrocephalus (Davis)
Conn., Md., Ga.

Diaboms nigrocephalus Davis, 1897. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 24: 232. ♀.

Cteniscus promediatus
***authority mismatch
arizonicus (Mason). N. Mex., Ariz.

Eudiabonis promediatus arizonicus Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 60. ♀.

Cteniscus promediatus
***authority mismatch
cressoni (Mason). N. Y. w. to s. Ont. and Mich., s. to Va. Host: Nematiis
salicisodoratus Dyar.

Eudiabonis promediatus cressoni Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 59. ♂, ♀.

Cteniscus promediatus
***authority mismatch
promediatus (Mason). Newfoundland (insular) w. to Alaska, s. to N. S., s. Ont.,
Minn., Colo., and B. C. Host: Nematus currani Ross, Hemichroa crocea (Geoff.).

Eudiabonis promediatus promediatus Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 56. ♂, ♀.

Cteniscus pulchellus (Mason)
Mass., N. J., Pa., Md., Mich.

Eudiabonis pulchellus Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 50. ♂, ♀.

Cteniscus pyelechus (Mason)
Mass., N. J., Pa., Md., Mich.

Eudiabonis pyelechus Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 25. ♂, ♀.

Cteniscus scaphuloides (Mason)
Que., Maine, R. I., Md., Ont., Mich., Idaho.

Eudiabonis scaphuloides Mason, 1955. Canad. Jour. Zool. 33: 40. ♂, ♀.




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