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© Copyright source/photographer
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Andrena mariae, female, face 2012-08-03-16.57.08 |
© Copyright source/photographer
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Andrena mariae, female, side 2012-08-06-18.36.19 |
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Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, face |
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, genitalia |
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Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, side |
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, genitalia |
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Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, side |
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, female, wing |
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Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, face |
Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, top |
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Smithsonian Institution, Entomology Department · 9
Andrena mariae, male, wing |
© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014
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Andrena mariae FEM CFP comp |
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© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014
· 7
Andrena mariae MALE CFP comp |
© Rebekah Andrus Nelson
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Andrena mariae, female, face |
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Overview |
Reprinted with permission of the American Entomological Society from:
LaBerge, W. E. 1973. A revision of the bees of the genus Andrena of the Western Hemisphere. Part VI. Subgenus Trachandrena. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 99: 235-371.
Please report text errors to: leah at discoverlife dot org.
Andrena mariae is a common spring visitor to willows throughout much of the United States and southern Canada. It can be clearly distinguished in the female sex from either A. forbesii or A. sigmundi by the relatively broad facial foveae by which it most closely resembles A. hippotes. Unlike any of the preceding species, mariae has the metasomal integument entirely or largely bright red in color in most of the females. Dark females of mariae can be distinguished from those of hippotes by the coarser rugae of the face and the mesoscutum having coarser punctures with a dulled surface. The males of mariae can be distinguished from that of any of the following by the usually red or partly red abdomen, the long first flagellar segment and the more sparsely punctate mesoscutum.
FEMALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — N = 20; length, 8-11 mm; width, 2.5-3.5 mm; wing length, M = 3.65 ± 0.137 mm; FL/FW, M = 1.05 ± 0.004; FOVL/FOVW, M = 3.29 ± 0.50.
INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Black except as follows: head and thorax as in sigmundi but wings with membranes hyaline or only slightly infumate, veins dark reddish-brown to brown. Terga 2-5 usually bright red, occasionally only terga 2 and 3 with red and rarely entirely dark with rufescent apical areas. Hind basitarsi and tibiae orange in pale specimens or at least basitarsi often dark; dark specimens usually with hind legs entirely dark; tibial spurs testaceous to rufescent.
STRUCTURE. — Antennae as in sigmundi. Eyes each about three and one-half times as long as broad or slightly broader, inner margins parallel or extremely slightly converging towards mandibles. Malar space, mandibles and galea as in sigmundi. Maxillary palpus as in sigmundi but segmental ratio about as 1.0:1.0:0.9:0.7:0.7:0.7. Labial palpus as in sigmundi but ratio about as 1.0:0.7:0.6:0.7. Labral process as in sigmundi; labrum apical to process without sulcus, flat, shiny. Clypeus with regular, round, deep punctures separated mostly by half a puncture width or less, without impunctate median line, surface shiny, unshagreened. Supraclypeal area and genal area as in sigmundi but genal area with surface dulled by fine reticular shagreening. Vertex as in sigmundi. Face above antennae with coarse longitudinal rugae paralleling facial foveae, interrugal spaces shiny, with abundant, coarse, elongate punctures. Facial fovea broad as in hippotes but upper portion separated from lateral ocellus usually by somewhat less than one ocellar diameter to as much as one diameter.
Pronotum as in sigmundi. Mesoscutum with large deep punctures with rounded edges, sparse medially, surface opaque to moderately shiny, dulled by regular tessellation. Scutellum similar but usually shiny, delicately tessellate if at all. Metascutum opaque, densely and finely punctate, tessellate. Propodeum with dorsal area with one central and five or six lateral, coarse, complete rugae, surface dulled by dense, coarse tessellation; dorsolateral and posterior surfaces finely punctatorugose, surfaces dull, tessellate; lateral surface with irregular, short rugulae especially in posterior half or more, surface dulled, tessellate. Mesepisternum punctatorugose above and anteriorly, punctures separated posteriorly, surface dull, finely tessellate. Fore femur with base rounded. Posterior tibial spur smoothly curved as in hippotes, not bent or expanded as in sigmundi. Venation as in sigmundi.
Metasomal tergum 1 with basal area punctures irregular in size and spacing, usually separated by one-half to two puncture widths but some by three or more, surface shiny, unshagreened or delicately so; apical area half as long as basal area, with impunctate apical two-fifths, basally with small to minute, regular, round punctures usually separated by half to one puncture width, rarely much sparser or almost impunctate, surface shiny, delicately shagreened if at all. Tergum 2 with apical area longer medially than basal area (about as 3:2), basal area with distinct punctures separated largely by half to one puncture width, apical area rarely almost impunctate to impunctate on rim and basally with minute punctures separated by one to three puncture widths, surface shiny. Terga 3 and 4 as in 2 but basal areas slightly longer and punctures usually slightly sparser, Pygidial plate as in sigmundi. Sterna 2-5 as in sigmundi but surfaces shinier, reticularly shagreened but finely so.
VESTITURE. — Generally white to pale ochraceous, slightly yellower on vertex and thoracic dorsum; terga 2-4 without apical pale fasciae or these restricted to small lateral patches, basal areas with pale erect hairs sparse and short; terga 5 and 6 pale; basitibial plate and below brown; inner surface hind basitarsi golden-yellow.
MALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — N = 20; length, 7-10 mm; width, 1.5-2.5 mm; wing length, M = 3.36 ± 0.153 mm; FL/FW, M = 1.10 ± 0.008; FS1/FS2, M = 0.96 ± 0.019.
INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Usually black with same exceptions as in female except as follows: at least first flagellar segment usually orange below in apical half or more (occasionally segment 2 or 2 and 3 also bright orange below); terga usually with less red and entirely dark individuals more common (even in darkest sides of terga 1 and 2 usually reddened); legs black or at most distitarsi rufescent.
STRUCTURE. — Antennae in repose barely reaching propodeum; scape length equal to only slightly more than flagellar segments 1 and 2 together; flagellar segment 1 usually as long as segment 2 or slightly shorter, segments all longer than broad. Eyes each three and one-half times as long as broad or slightly less, inner margins distinctly converging towards mandibles. Malar space, mandible and galea as in female. Maxillary palpus as in female but segmental ratio about as 1.0:0.9:0.7:0.7:0.7:0.7. Labial palpus as in female but ratio about as 1.0:0.7:0.7:0.5. Labral process and labrum as in sigmundi. Clypeus, supraclypeal area and genal area as in female. Face above antennae as in female but longitudinal rugae more distinct and interrugal punctures sparser and smaller. Vertex as in female.
Pronotum as in female. Mesoscutum as in female but punctures smaller and surface more opaque, tessellation dense, fine. Scutellum and metascutum as in female. Propodeum as in female but dorsal area rugae often more irregular and occasionally anastomizing and lateral surfaces coarsely punctatorugose especially in posterior two-thirds or more. Mesepisterna as in female. Tibial spurs and venation as in female.
Metasomal tergum 1 as in female but punctures of basal area usually more crowded and usually surface moderately dulled by transversely reticulate shagreening except on narrow shiny apical rim. Tergum 2 as in female but apical area slightly shorter than basal area medially and moderately shagreened as in tergum 1. Terga 3-5 as in female terga 2-4 but punctures denser and shagreening usually present. Sterna 2-5 as in sigmundi. Sternum 6 with apical V-shaped emargination, sculptured as in sternum 5. Terminalia much as in sigmundi; see figures 39-41.
VESTITURE. — Generally white or pale ochraceous and distributed as in female but without pollen-collecting hairs; note tergae lack apical pale fasciae, basal tergal areas with erect or suberect hairs short.
GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION. — Although red-abdomened forms of both sexes of Andrena mariae occur throughout its range, they seem to be more abundant in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain regions where most of the specimens are pale. In more eastern populations at least half of the specimens are of the darkest type or some intergrade between the extremes. Size seems to be correlated with this trend in color with individuals of western populations averaging slightly larger than those of eastern populations. No distinct step occurs in this clinal variation and it does not seem necessary to recognize subspecies.
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.
FEMALE. — Length 9 mm.; face very slightly longer than broad; clypeus only slightly convex, projecting about one-third below suborbital line, shining between close, deep, distinct and rather coarse punctures, without a median, impunctate line; facial foveae broad above, occupying most of space between eyes and ocelli, constricted below to about half this width, and this portion about half the length of the broad upper part, covered with dense whitish tomentum; space between margin of vertex and lateral ocelli subequal to their diameter; cheeks slightly broader than eyes, rounded posteriorly, rather dull, very finely and closely punctate, becoming somewhat more sparsely so on vertex laterally; malar space very short; basal segment of flagellum subequal to 2nd and 3rd combined; process of labrum broad and rather short, narrowed to the rather broadly truncate apical margin; pubescence of head, thorax and legs whitish, becoming somewhat yellowish on the more apical portions of legs; dorsum of thorax somewhat shining, punctures of scutum very deep, quite coarse, rather close anteriorly, becoming somewhat more sparse near center posteriorly, those on scutellum about equally coarse and deep, close in general, the surface flat; pleura rather finely rugose, becoming more tessellate posteriorly; dorsal area of propodeum oblique, triangle rather coarsely and irregularly striate; propodeal corbicula rather short and poorly developed, whitish, with a very thin anterior fringe; trochanteral floccus short but rather dense, whitish; hind tibiae somewhat broadened apically, apex not quite twice the width of basitarsi, pale ferruginous, scopa whitish, hairs rather short, dense, simple, becoming somewhat fuscous toward base; front and mid basitarsi slightly narrower than their respective tibiae, the mid and hind tarsi ferruginous; wings somewhat yellowish, 2nd submarginal cell considerably shorter than 3rd, receiving 1st recurrent about one-third from apex; abdomen bright ferruginous, in marked contrast with head and thorax, rather shining, deeply but rather finely punctate, punctures well separated but not sparse medially, becoming quite close laterally, apical impressed areas shallow, but rather broad, occupying medially two-thirds length of disc, discal pubescence very sparse and obscure, suberect, short, entirely whitish, fasciae not developed, tergum 5 rather dark, with a golden-brownish, apical fimbria.
MALE. — Length 8 mm.; clypeus convex, projecting about one-third below suborbital line, with fine, closely crowded punctures beneath rather short. dense pubescence: mace between margin of vertex and lateral ocelli subequal to their diameter; cheeks subequal to eyes in width, rounded posteriorly, dull, punctures very fine and close, but obscure; malar space quite short but distinct; basal segment of flagellum short, only slightly longer than apical width, slightly shorter than 2nd and following segments; process of labrum short, quite broad, slightly narrowed to the broadly truncate apex; mandibles rather short, with a distinct inner subapical tooth, overlapping about one-fourth; pubescence of entire head, thorax and legs whitish-ochraceous; scutum rather dull, punctures deep, distinct, rather coarse, quite close anteriorly, becoming rather sparse near center posteriorly, those on scutellum about equally coarse, well separated but hardly sparse, surface somewhat shining; pleura rather finely and obscurely rugose; dorsal area of propodeum oblique, triangle rather coarsely rugoso-striate medially, but becoming only finely and obscurely striate laterally; all basitarsi slender and elongate, narrower than their respective tibiae, ferruginous, as also the hind tibiae; wings somewhat yellowish, 2nd submarginal cell considerably shorter than 3rd, receiving 1st recurrent about one-third from apex; abdomen bright ferruginous, terga rather finely but deeply, distinctly and rather closely punctate, apical impressed areas rather shallow and obscure, occupying medially somewhat more than one-third length of discs, discal pubescence very short and thin, erect, entirely pale, fasciae not developed; apical portion of sternum 8 slender and elongate, with a slight, subapical constriction beyond which the apex is rather broadly rounded, clothed beneath with rather long, dense pubescence; penis valves slender apically, somewhat broadened basally, the sides quite deeply excavated, gonocoxites quite abruptly dilated apically to form broad, subtriangular lobes, with dorsal surface, rather deeply concave, gonocoxal lobes strongly and narrowly produced, apex subacute, attaining the apical lobes (similar to hippotes, fig. 37).
DISTRIBUTION. — Kansas, Colorado and Minnesota, east to Nova Scotia, south to Georgia; April and May.
FLOWER RECORDS. — Salix. Recorded by Robertson (1929) on Amelanchier, Comandra, Erigenia, Erigeron, Erythronium and Rhus. Brittain and Newton (1934) record this species on Brassica, Cornus, Narcissus, Prunus, Pyrus malus and Rubus.
Described using the subspecies name: Andrena mariae concolor
This form differs from typical mariae in having the abdomen black, concolorous with the rest of the body in both sexes. No other significant differences are evident, and in the males many specimens intergrade between the two extremes, with respect to the color of the abdomen.
DISTRIBUTION. — Minnesota to the New England states, south to North Carolina; March to May.
FLOWER RECORDS. — Salix.
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Identification | |
Extracted from Joel Gardner. "The mining bees of Minnesota (unpublished manuscript)" Andrena mariae is the only Minnesota Trachandrena which can have a red metasoma (at
least in the female). Both sexes also have distinctly sparse punctures on the scutum.
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Updated: 2024-04-19 04:04:55 gmt
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