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- FishBase
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Overview | |
Main identification features
Disc rounded, with small, somewhat pointed, protuberance at snout tip; "wings" of disc rounded; tail with 2 long spines, without keel or fold on upper surface and with a low keel, but without fold, on lower surface; upper surface of disc and base of tail covered with coarse denticles.
Dark purplish brown to black on upper surface, pale underside.
Size: width of disc to 62 cm and maximum total length of 157 cm.
Inhabits silty or muddy bottoms.
Depth: to 30 m.
Central Mexico to Panama, also common at Galapagos.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 30 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); bony fishes; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; mobile benthic worms.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=23; Southern limit=-2; Western limit=-106; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=25; Longitudinal range=28.
Egg Type: Live birth; No pelagic larva; No pelagic phase.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Mud; Sand & gravel; Soft bottom only; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove).
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 62 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Brackish.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Links to other sites | |
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References |
- Beebe , W. and Tee-Van, J., 1941., Eastern Pacific expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. XXVIII. Fishes from the tropical eastern Pacific. (From Cedros Island, Lower California, South to the Galápagos Islands and northern Peru.) Part 3. Rays, mantas and chimaeras., Zoologica, 26(3):245-280.
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Castri-Aguirre, J.L., Espinoza-Pérez, H. and Schmitter-Soto, J.J., 2002., Lista sitemática, biogeográfica y ecológica de la ictiofauna estuarino lagunar y vicaria de México. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:117-142.
- Castro-Aguirre, J.L., 1999., Ictiofauna estuarino-lagunar y vicaria de México., Editorial Limusa S.A. de C.V.: 1-629pp.
- Compagno, L.J.V., 1999., Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In Hamlett W.C. (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes., The John Hopkins University Press:471-498.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Lovejoy , N. R. , Bermingham , E. and Martin, A. P., 1998., Marine incursion into South America., Nature, 396:421-422.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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Following modified from FishBase
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Top | See original
http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=pacifica ---> http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=pacifica
http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=pacifica ---> https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=pacifica
&pull 20q v5.145 20180528: Error 500 Can't locate object method "new" via package "LWP::Protocol::https::Socket" https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=pacifica |
Updated: 2024-04-26 09:40:17 gmt
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